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2553 - SU · 2012. 3. 28. · ¸ µ¦«¹ ¬µ 2553 ¨· · ·Í ° ´ ·· ¥µ¨ ª´¥ ¤®µª· ¥µ¨´¥«·¨ µ ¦ THE KEY SUCCESS FACTORS ON EMPLOYEES' PERFORMANCE IN BUSINES

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  • ( )

    2553

  • ( )

    2553

  • THE KEY SUCCESS FACTORS ON EMPLOYEES' PERFORMANCE IN BUSINES

    LOAN CENTER OF BANGKOK BANK PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED

    By

    Vichuda Chiwpraphan

    An Independent Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

    MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

    Program of Entrepreneurship

    Graduate School

    SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY

    2010

  • ( ) ”

    ……............................................................... ( . )

    .......... .................... . ...........

    .

    .................................................... ( . ) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... ( ) ............/......................../.............. .................................................... ( . ) ............/......................../..............

  • 51602354 : : / /

    : ( ). :

    . . . 188 .

    ( ) 170

    LSD Person r Correlation

    1)

    ( )

    2)

    ( )

    3)

    ( )

    4)

    ( )

    5)

    2553 ........................................

    ........................................

  • 51602354 : MAJOR : ENTREPRENEURSHIP

    KEY WORD : FACTORS/ SUCCESS / PERFORMANCE

    VICHUDA CHIWPRAPHAN : THE KEY SUCCESS FACTORS ON

    EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS LOAN CENTER OF BANGKOK BANK

    PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED. INDEPENDENT STUDY ADVISOR : THANINRATH

    RATTANAPONGPINYO, Ph.D. 188 pp.

    The Purposes of this research were to determine the key success factors on

    employees’ performance in Business Loan Center of Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited.

    The 170 samples were officer of Business Loan Center. The research instrument was a

    questionnaire for data collection. The statistical used for analyzed the data ware: frequency,

    percentage, mean, standard deviation, One-way Analysis Of Variance, Least Significant

    Difference, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient and content analysis.

    The research findings revealed that: 1) Demographics that affect success on

    employees’ performance in Business Loan Center of Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited

    found that age, status, revenue and length of service affect success different operations. 2) Human

    resource management had positively correlated to the key success factors on employees’

    performance in Business Loan Center of Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited. 3)

    Management organization had positively correlated to the key success factors on employees’

    performance in Business Loan Center of Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited. 4) Strategy of

    the organization had positively correlated to the key success factors on employees’ performance

    in Business Loan Center of Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited. 5) The result of this

    research found the factors that each executives were aware of the factors essential to the success

    and impact on the performance of employees. Which can be applied as a guide to develop their

    organization.

    Program of Entrepreneurship Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2010

    Student's signature ........................................

    Independent Study Advisor's signature ........................................

  • .

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    ( )

  • ....................................................................................................................

    ............................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................

    ............................................................................................................................

    1 ................................................................................................................................ 1 ................................................................ 1 ............................................................................................. 3 .............................................................................................. 4

    ......................................................................................................... 6 ......................................................................................................... 7 ................................................................................................. 10 ................................................................................... 112 ......................................................................................... 12 ....................................................................... 12 ..................... 1 ....................................................

    McKinsey . 52 .................................. 55 ( ) ..... 5 ................................................................................................. 69 3 .............................................................................................................. 72 ........................................................................................... 72 .................................................................................... 73 ....................................................................................... 73 ........................................................................................... 5 ................................................................................................ 76

  • ............................................ 4 ..................................................................................................... 85

    ( ) ............. 86

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    ......................................... 99

    4 ....................... 106

    ............... 117

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  • 15

    ................................................. 108

    16

    ......................................... 110

    17

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    18

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    19

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    20

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    21

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    22

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    23

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    2

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    25

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    26 LSD

    ................................................ 123

    27

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  • 28 LSD

    ..................................... 125

    29

    ( )

    ................................................ 126

    30

    ( )

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    31 LSD

    ............................................ 128

    32

    ( )

    ................................................................... 129

    33 LSD

    ................................................ 131

    3

    ( ) ................... 132

    35

    ( ) ................... 133

    36

    ( ) ................... 13

    37

    ( ) ................... 135

  • 38

    ( ) ................... 136

    39

    ( ) ................... 137

  • 1

    1

    ( 2552: 2)

    . . 2540

  • 2

    ( 2545: 2)

  • 3

    (

    2552: 2)

    (2553)

    Shared Services

    , (2552)

    ( ) 2 , (2544)

    :

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    1.

    ( )

    2.

    ( )

  • 4

    3.

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

    ( )

    1.

    2.

  • 5

    3.

    4.

    1.

    ( ) 284

    – 2554

  • 6

    1

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    .

    2.

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

  • 7

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

  • 8

  • 9

    7

    McKinsey 7-S Framework

    7 (1) (Strategy) (2)

    (Structure) (3) (System) (4) (Style) (5)

    (Staff) (6) (Skils) (7) (Share Value)

    (Strategy)

    (Structure)

    (System)

    (Style)

    (Staff)

    (Skils)

  • 10

    (Share Value)

    (Goal Attainment)

    (Resource)

    1.

    ( )

    2.

    ( )

    3.

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

  • 11

    1.

    1.1

    ( )

    1.2

    ( )

    1.3

    ( )

    1.4

    ( )

    2.

  • 12

    2

    ( )

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4. McKinsey

    5.

    6. ( )

    7.

    1.

    (2553) (Organization Development)

    O. D.

    1.1

    (Beckhard, 2544: 50 – 52)

  • 13

    ( 2544: 52)

    1.2

    ( 2545: 441)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

  • 14

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    9.

    10.

    1.3

    , (Dahlberg, Connal & Landrum

    , 2544: 47-50)

  • 15

  • 16

    “ ” ( ) “ ” ( )

    ( 2550: Online)

    (Structure)

    (Demographic)

    (New Work Ethic)

    (Learning & Knowledge)

    (Learning

    Organization)

    (Technology & Access to Information)

  • 17

    (Emphasis on Flexibility)

    (Fast-paced Change)

    ( )

    2.

  • 18

    2.1

    “ ”

    (2546: 9)

    (2543: 15)

    (2543: 3)

  • 19

    (Loudon, 2552: 29)

    (Multidiscriplinary Field)

    3

    1. (Technical Approach)

    2. (Bahavioral Approach)

    3. (Sociotechnical Systems)

    (2541: 13)

    4

    1.

    2.

    3.

  • 20

    4.

    (2533: 23)

    6

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    ( 2553)

  • 21

    2.2

    (2544: 224)

    (2542: 11)

    (Mathis and Jackson, 2552: 32)

    5 1) 2) 3)

    4) 5)

  • 22

    (Meidan, 2552: 33)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

  • 23

    (2542: 202-204)

    1.

    (Promotion and Salary Decision)

    2.

    (To Review the Subordinates Work-related Behavior) 2

    3.

    (2539: 160)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

  • 24

    (2542: 283)

    1.

    2.

    3.

  • 25

    4.

    5.

    6.

    ( , 2541: 225)

    1. (Organization Chart)

    2. (Job Description)

    3.

  • 26

    4.

    -

    2

    4.1

    4.2

    5.

    3

    5.1

    5.2 - -

    -

    5.3

    (2542: 5)

    4

  • 27

    1. (Job Accomplishment)

    2. (Job Behavior)

    (Dependability) (Co-operation) (Carefulness)

    (Laudatory) (Responsibility) (Attitude)

    (Attendance) (Punctuality) (Adherence to

    Company Regulation)

    3. (Job Knowledge)

    (Knowledge) (Product Knowledge)

    (Selling and Service Knowledge)

    / (Ability to use Equipment/Tools)

    (Knowledge Skills) (Managerial Skills)

    4. (Potential)

  • 28

    (2542: 179)

    1. (Halo Effect)

    2. (Leniency or Strictness)

    3. (Central Tendency)

  • 29

    4. (Interpersonal Relations Bias)

    5. (Organizational Influences)

    2.3

    “ ”

  • 30

    Morale Webster (1971)

    . . 2525

    “ ”

    (2547)

    2 1)

    2)

    (Bureaucracy)

    (2542)

  • 31

    (2549: 3)

    D-R-I-V-E

    1. D-Development

    1.1 (Coaching)

    1.2 (In House and Public

    Training)

    1.3 (Consulting)

    1.4 (Job Rotation)

    (Multi-skill)

  • 32

    2. R-Relation

    3. I-Individual Motivation

    4. V-Verbal Communication

  • 33

    5. E-Environment Arrangement

    (Maslow’s Hierarchical Theory of Motivation)

    Maslow

  • 34

    Maslow “ ” (wanting

    animal)

    Maslow

    (The Need–Hierarchy Conception of Human

    Motivation) Maslow

    1. (Physiological needs)

    2. (Safety needs)

    3. (Belongingness and love needs)

    4. (Esteem needs)

  • 35

    3

    2 (self-

    respect) 2 (esteem from others)

    4.1 (self-respect)

    4.2 (esteem from others)

    5. (Self-actualization needs)

    3 – 5

    “ ”

    ( , 2539: 54)

    ERG (ERG Theory)

    (Claton, 2552: 50)

  • 36

    1. (Existence Needs)

    E

    2. (Relatedness Needs)

    R

    3. (Growth Needs)

    G

    ERG

    ERG

    ERG

    (E) (R)

    (G)

    (2532) 3

    1. (Employee Factors)

    2. (Managerial Factors)

    3. (Extra Company Forces and Factor)

    (Edwin, 2536: 70)

    1.

    2.

  • 37

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    9.

    10.

    (Dersal, 2536: 75)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    9.

    10.

    ( 2526)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

  • 38

    6.

    (2542)

    (2537)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    (2520)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    2.4

    (Roter, 2539: 65)

    (Locus of Control)

    2

    (Internal Locus of Control)

    (External Locus of Control)

  • 39

    (2537: 318-319)

    (2543: 37)

    (Achievement Motive)

  • 40

    (Roter, 2543: 38)

    -

    (Locus of

    Control)

    2

    (Internal Locus of Control) (External Locus of Control)

    1.

    2.

    3. (Achievement)

    4.

    1.

  • 41

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    (Robinson and Shaver, 2543: 38)

    2

    1. (Episodic Antecedents)

    2. (Accumulative Antecedents)

    2.5

    (2548: 21)

    (2548: 91)

  • 42

    (2548: 22)

    (Intangible Asset)

    (Luthans, 2552: 62)

    (Processes) (Systems) (Structure)

    (Cultures) (Creation) (Sharing)

    (Knowledge – based

    Society)

    (Ben, 2552: 62)

    1. (People)

  • 43

    2. (Process)

    3

    2.1 (Knowledge Acquisition)

    (2548: 13)

    (Research and Development)

    2.2 (Knowledge Sharing)

    4 Know What ( : ) Know How ( :

    ) Know Why ( :

    )

    Care Why ( :

    )

    2.3 (Knowledge Utilization)

  • 44

    3. (Technology)

    (Repositories)

    (Server)

    (Collaborative Platforms)

    (Network)

    1.

    2.

  • 45

    3.

    4.

    5.

    (Knowledge Sharing)

    6.

    7.

    8.

  • 46

    ( )

    3.

    3.1

    (Certo, 2550: 18)

    (2546: 2)

    (2539: 39)

    1.

    2.

    3.

  • 47

    4.

    5.

    3.2

    (2550: 13-14)

    4 1. (Planning) 2.

    (Organizing) 3. (Leading) 4. (Controling)

    (Management Process)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    (Certo, 2552: 83)

    1.

    2.

  • 48

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    (2542: 75)

    (2543 : 3)

    (What) (Why) (Who)

    (When) (Where) (How)

    (Certo, 2552: 83)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

  • 49

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    9.

    10.

    11.

    12.

    13.

    14.

    (2542: 106)

    (2542: 66)

    (William, 2552: 85)

  • 50

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    (Jackson and Slocum, 2552:

    87)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

  • 51

    (2542: 478)

    4 1. 2. 3.

    4.

    (Fayol, 2552: 87)

    14 “ ” Fayol

    14 14

    1. (Division of Labor)

    2. (Parity of Authority and Responsibility)

    3. (Disclipline)

    4. (Unity of Direction)

    5. (Unity of Command)

    6. (Subordination of Individual to General

    Interert)

    7. (Fair Remuneration)

    8. (Centralization)

  • 52

    9. (Scalar Chain)

    10. (Order & Regulation)

    11. (Equity)

    12. (Stability of Personnel)

    13. (Initiative)

    14. (Esprit Decorps)

    4

    ( )

    4. McKinsey

    4.1

    (2541)

  • 53

    (2540)

    4.2

    (Peter and Fillp,

    2552: 90) 90

    7S McKinsey

    3

    1.

    2.

    3.

  • 54

    7S McKinsey ( , 2552:

    91)

    7

    1. (Strategy)

    2. (Structure)

    3. (System)

    4. (Style)

    5. (Staff)

    6. (Skill)

  • 55

    7. (Shered Value) (Superordinate Goal)

    7 McKinsey 7–S Framework

    7

    McKinsey 7–S Framework

    McKinsey

    McKinsey 7–S Framework

    7

    McKinsey 7–S Framework

    ( )

    5.

    (Effectiveness) (Effiecincy)

  • 56

    ( 2552: 92)

    5.1

    (2541: 38)

    (2533: 23)

    (Steers, 2552: 94)

    2

    1.

    2.

    (Hoy

  • 57

    and Miskle, 2552: 94) 4

    2.1

    2.2

    2.3

    2.4

    (2546: 18)

    100%

    2

    1. 100%

    2.

    2.1

    2.2

    2.3

    2.4

    2.5

  • 58

    2.6

    2

    (2546: 25-26)

    1.

    1.1

    1.2

    1.3

    1.4

    2.

    2.1

  • 59

    2.2

    5.2

    (Katz and Kahn, 2552: 96)

    (2545: 34)

    3

    (2544: 17)

    (Woodcoch, 2552: 99)

    11 “Buiding Blocks”

    1. (Clear Objective and

    Agreed Goal)

  • 60

    2. (Openness and Confrontation)

    3. (Support and Trust)

    4. (Corporation and Confict)

    4.1

  • 61

    4.2

    5. (Sound Working and

    Decision Procedure)

  • 62

    6. (Appropriate Leadership)

    (Delagarion)

    7. (Regulsr Review)

    8. (Individual Development)

    2

  • 63

    9. (Sound Inter-group Relation)

    9.1

    9.2

    9.3

    9.4

    9.5

    9.6

    10. (Balance Roles)

    2

    10.1 ( )

  • 64

    10.2

    11. (Good Communication)

    ( ) (Oppenness)

    (2538: 26)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

  • 65

    ( )

    6. ( )

    23 13

    ( ( ),2553 :

    )

    17

    1,000 230

    7,500

    24

  • 66

    ( )

    . .2483-2492

    . .2487

    . . 2540

    1 . . 2487

    23

  • 67

    . .2487

    1,725,000

    950

    7,300

    15

    2 1

    1.

    (

    )

    2.

    3.

  • 68

    4.

    5.

    “ ”

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( ) 8

    1. (corporate)

  • 69

    2. (commercial)

    3. (business)

    4. (consumer)

    5. (international banking)

    6. (treasury)

    7. (SAM / recovery)

    8. (investment banking)

    (Document Non Revolving / Revolving Credit)

    /

    ( )

    ( )

    7.

    (2550)

    ( )

  • 70

    (2549)

    . . . . . .

    (2549)

    . . . .

    (2547)

  • 71

  • 72

    3

    ( )

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    1.

    2

    1.1 (Primary Data)

    ( )

    1.2 (Secondary Data)

    ( )

  • 73

    2.

    ( ) 284 31 2553 ( )

    ( ) Yamané ( ,

    , 2545: 125) 0.95

    0.5

    n =

    N =

    e =

    n = 166.08 166

    4

    170

    3.

    ( )

  • 74

    1.

    2.

    3. (2552)

    4.

    ( ) 30

    5.

    ( ) 5

    1

    2 (Rating Scale) 5

    5

    3

    5

  • 75

    5

    4

    5

    5

    5

    ( )

    5

    5

    1. (Try out)

    30 ( )

    2.

    = 0.964 , 2 =

    0.837 , 3 = 0.931 , 4 = 0.952 , 5 = 0.921

    4.

    1.

    ( )

    170

    2.

  • 76

    5.

    1

    2 (Mean) (Standard Deviation)

    5

    5

    4

    3

    2

    1

    (Class Interval) 5

    ( 2551: 71-73)

    4.21 - 5.00

    3.41 - 4.20

    2.61 – 3.40

    1.81 – 2.60

    1.00 – 1.80

  • 77

    3

    5

    5

    4

    3

    2

    1

    5 (

    2551: 71-73)

    4.21 - 5.00

    3.41 - 4.20

    2.61 – 3.40

    1.81 – 2.60

    1.00 – 1.80

    4

    5

    5

    4

  • 78

    3

    2

    1

    5 (

    2551: 71-73)

    4.21 - 5.00

    3.41 - 4.20

    2.61 – 3.40

    1.81 – 2.60

    1.00 – 1.80

    5

    ( )

    5

    5

    4

    3

    2

    1

  • 79

    5 (

    2551: 71-73)

    4.21 - 5.00

    3.41 - 4.20

    2.61 – 3.40

    1.81 – 2.60

    1.00 – 1.80

    ( ) 2

    t-test 2 f-test

    LSD

    1. (Percentage)

    2. (Mean)

    3. (Standard Deviation)

    4.

    5.

    5.1 2 t-test

    Independent

  • 80

    5.2 2

    (One-way Analysis of Variance)

    LSD

    5.3

    (Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coeffcient)

    1. (Cronbach Alpha)

    =

    Alpha coefficient

    k

    covariance

    variance

    2.

    2.1

    P =

    P %

    ƒ

    n 2.2

    =

    n

  • 81

    2.3

    =

    n

    3.

    3.1 2

    t – test (Two Independent – sample)

    t =

    df =

    t =

    t

    1 , 2

    1 , 2

    1 , 2

    n (df = ) 3.2 2 One-way ANOVA

    F =

  • 82

    F F-distribution

    2

    .05 95% Least

    Significant Difference (LSD)

    LSD =

    LSD

    i j

    MSE Mean Square Error

    n Brown-Forsythe ( )

    (( )) =

    (( )) Brown-Forsythe

    k

    i

    N

    i

    Dunnett’s T3

  • 83

    t =

    t t-Distribution

    i

    j

    i

    j

    4.

    4.1 (Pearson Product Moment

    Correlation Coefficient) 2

    =

    Pearson Product Moment

    Correlation Coefficient

    X 1

    Y 2

    n 4.2 -1 11

    4.2.1 -1 r 1 r

    r X Y

    r X Y

    r 1 X Y

  • 84

    r -1 X Y

    r = 0 X Y

    r 0 X Y

    4.2.2

    1 ( 0.70 0.90)

    ( 0.90 )

    0.50 ( 0.30 0.70)

    0.00 ( 0.30 )

    0.00

  • 85

    4

    ( )

    ( ) 170

    SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science)

    7

    1

    ( )

    2

    3

    4

    5

    ( )

    6

    (One-way ANOVA)

    Least

    significance difference (LSD)

  • 86

    (Coefficient Correlation :

    r)

    n

    S.D (Standard Deviation)

    F F-distribution

    t t-distribution

    r

    Sig

    * .

    ** .

    1

    ( )

    ( )

    1

    (n= 170)

    1

    70 42. 5

    98 57.65

    2

    25 2 1.18

  • 87

    ( ) (n= 170)

    2

    26- 5 89 52. 5

    5-45 1 18.24

    45 48 28.24

    14 8.24

    1 7 80.59

    19 11.18

    4

    95 55.88

    71 41.76

    / / 4 2. 5

    5

    5 42 24.71

    6-10 58 4.12

    11-15 1.76

    16-20 27 15.88

    21 40 2 .5

    6

    10,000 4 2. 5

    10,001-20,000 56 2.94

    20,001- 0,000 62 6.47

    0,001- 40,000 5 20.59

    40,001- 50,000 10 5.88

    50,001 1.76

  • 88

    ( ) 70

    ( ) 70 98 57.65

    70 42. 5

    ( ) 170 -3 89

    52. 5 4 28.24

    .18

    ( ) 170

    1 7 80.59 9

    11.18 14 8.24

    ( ) 70 95

    5.88 71 .76

    / / 2. 5

    ( ) 170

    - 58 4.12

    42 24.71 - 3

    1.76

    ( ) 70 , -

    3 , 62 6.47 , -

  • 89

    , 56 2.94 ,

    .7

    2

    -

    2

    (n= 170)

    S.D.

    1. .09 0.67

    2. .08 0.78

    . .61 0.47

    4. .7 0.48

    5. .1 0.49

    . 0. 9

    2

    ( )

    ( = . S.D. = 0. 9)

    ( )

    3

    ( = .7 S.D. = 0.48) ( =

    .61 S.D. = 0.47)

    ( = .09 S.D. = 0.67)

  • 90

    3

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    6 80 4 .10 0.84

    (1.8) (21.2) (47.1) (25. ) (4.7)

    2

    ( )

    8 4 80 45 .10 0.85

    (4.7) (20.0) (47.1) (26.5) (4.7)

    ( )

    6 40 77 47 0 2.97 0.81

    ( .5) (2 .5) (45. ) (27.6) (0.0)

  • 91

    3 ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    1 22 74 7 0 .29 0.70 (0.6) (12.9) (4 .5) (42.9) (0.0)

    .09 0.67

    ( )

    ( = .09 S.D = 0.67)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = .29

    S.D = 0. ) ( )

    ( =

    .10 S.D = 0. 4) ( )

    ( =

    2.97 S.D. = 0.81)

  • 92

    4

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    6 26 52 76 10 . 4 0.9 ( .5) (15. ) ( 0.6) (44.7) (5.9)

    2

    ( )

    17 48 79 26 0 2.67 0.85 (10.0) (28.2) (46.5) (15. ) (0.0)

    ( )

    11 29 75 42 1 .10 0.98 (6.6) (17.1) (44.1) (24.7) (7.6)

  • 9

    4 ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    12 2 62 6 10 .21 0.99

    (7.1) (1 .5) ( 6.5) ( 7.1) (5.9)

    .08 0.78

    ( )

    ( = .08 S.D = 0.78)

    ( )

    ( ) ( = . 4 S.D = 0.9 )

    ( = . 1

    S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( = 2.67 S.D. = 0. 5)

  • 94

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    1 14 42 105 8 .62 0.7

    (0.6) (8.2) (24.7) (8.2) (0.6)

    2

    ( )

    0 9 42 10 16 .74 0.69

    (0.0) (5. ) (24.7) (60.6) (9.4)

    ( )

    2 7 81 72 7 .45 0.70

    (1.2) (4.1) (47.6) (42.4) (4.7)

    4

    7 59 85 16 .61 0.78

    (1.8) (4.1) ( 4.7) (50.0) (9.4)

    .61 0.47

    ( )

  • 95

    ( = . 1 S.D = 0.47)

    ( )

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0.69)

    ( = . 2 S.D = 0.7 )

    ( ) ( = 3. S.D. = 0.70)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    2 11 6 80 14 .55 0.78

    (1.2) (6.5) ( 7.1) (47.1) (8.2)

    2

    0 0 28 115 27 .99 0.57

    (0.0) (0.0) (16.5) (67.6) (15.9)

    0 2 76 85 7 .57 0.59

    (0.0) (1.2) (44.7) (50.0) (4.1)

  • 96

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    0 0 55 95 19 .79 0.62

    (0.0) (0.0) ( 2.4) (56.5) (11.2)

    .7 0.48

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0.48)

    ( )

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0. 7)

    ( ) ( = . 9

    S.D = 0.62)

    ( = 3. 5 S.D. = 0.78)

  • 97

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    12 21 89 42 6 .05 0.89

    ( .5) (12.4) (52.4) (24.7) ( .5)

    2

    5 24 92 49 0 .09 0.7

    (2.9) (14.1) (54.1) (28.8) (0.0)

    0 8 98 64 0 . 0.56

    (0.0) (4.7) (57.6) ( 7.6) (0.0)

  • 98

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    7 17 110 6 0 .0 0.69 (4.1) (10.0) (64.7) (21.2) (0.0)

    .1 0.49

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0.49)

    ( )

    ( = .3 S.D = 0. 6)

    ( = .09 S.D = 0. )

    ( )

    ( = 3. S.D. = 0.69)

  • 99

    3

    -

    (n= 170)

    S.D.

    1. 2.92 0.59

    2. .1 0.56

    . 2.78 0.90

    4. .02 0.58

    2.96 0.55

    ( )

    ( = . 6 S.D. = 0.55)

    ( )

    ( = . 3 S.D. = 0.56)

    ( = . S.D. = 0.58)

    ( = .92 S.D. = 0.59)

  • 100

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    2 4 92 21 0 2.65 0.86

    (1 .5) (20.0) (54.1) (12.4) (0.0)

    2

    ( )

    4 27 100 9 0 .02 0.69

    (2.4) (15.9) (58.8) (22.9) (0.0)

    1 28 107 4 0 .02 0.62

    (0.6) (16.5) (62.9) (20.0) (0.0)

    4

    4 29 10 4 0 2.98 0.68

    (2.0) (17.6) (61.8) (18.6) (0.0)

    2.92 0.59

    ( )

  • 101

    ( = .92 S.D = 0.59)

    ( )

    ( ) ( = .02 S.D = 0. 9)

    ( = .02 S.D = 0. )

    ( = . 8 S.D = 0.68)

    ( )

    ( = . 5 S.D.

    = 0. 65)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    4 46 85 5 0 2.89 0.74 (2.4) (20.6) (50.0) (27.1) (0.0)

    2

    0 16 85 66 . 0.66 (0.0) (9.4) (50.0) ( 8.8) (1.8)

  • 102

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    ( )

    1 29 82 50 8 .21 0.79

    (0.6) (17.1) (48.2) (29.4) (4.7)

    4

    ( )

    25 99 7 6 .11 0.75

    (1.0) (15.7) (58.8) (21.6) (2.9)

    .1 0.56

    ( )

    ( = 3. 3 S.D = 0.56)

    ( )

    ( = 3.3 S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( = 3.2

    S.D = 0.79)

    ( ) ( = .89 S.D. = 0. 4)

  • 10

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    18 44 71 7 0 2.75 0.91

    (10.6) (25.9) (41.8) (21.8) (0.0)

    2

    22 50 70 25 2.6 0.94

    (12.9) (29.4) (41.2) (14.7) (1.8)

    15 8 57 49 11 .02 1.06

    (8.8) (22.4) ( .5) (28.8) (6.5)

    4

    0 29 76 29 6 2.72 1.05

    (17.6) (17.1) (44.7) (17.1) ( .5)

    2.78 . 0

    ( )

    ( = . 8 S.D = 0.907)

    ( )

  • 104

    ( = .02 S.D =

    . 6)

    ( ) ( = . 5 S.D = 0. 1)

    ( = . S.D. = 0. 4)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    1 17 79 67 6 . 5 0.7 (0.6) (10.0) (46.5) ( 9.4) ( .5)

    2

    ( )

    2 2 92 48 5 .18 0.74 (1.2) (1 .5) (54.1) (28.2) (2.9)

  • 105

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    ( )

    7 5 81 29 0 2.78 0.77

    (4.1) ( 1.2) (47.6) (17.1) (0.0)

    4

    ( )

    7 46 95 22 0 2.78 0.72

    (4.1) (27.1) (55.9) (12.9) (0.0)

    .02 .58

    ( )

    ( = 3. 2 S.D = 0.58)

    ( )

    ( )

    ( = 3.35 S.D = . )

    ( )

    ( = 3.18 S.D = . )

    ( )

  • 106

    ( = . S.D = .77)

    ( ) ( = . S.D = . 2)

    4

    3-

    3

    (n= 170)

    S.D.

    1. 2.99 0.65

    2. .09 0.56

    . 2.81 0.68

    4. .10 0.86

    5. .14 0.65

    6. .56 0.5

    7. .50 0.78

    .17 0.55

    3

    ( )

    ( = 3. 7 S.D. = 0.55)

    ( )

    ( = . 6 S.D.

    = 0.5 ) ( = .50 S.D. = 0.7 )

    ( = .81 S.D. = 0.68)

  • 107

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    4 24 81 61 0 .17 0.75

    (2.4) (14.1) (47.6) ( 5.9) (0.0)

    2

    ( )

    1 22 81 61 5 .28 0.76

    (0.6) (12.9) (47.6) ( 5.9) (2.9)

    25 5 62 0 0 2.57 0.94

    (14.7) ( 1.2) ( 6.5) (17.6) (0.0)

    4

    ( )

    9 8 77 44 2 2.95 0.86

    (5. ) (22.4) (45. ) (25.9) (1.2)

    2.99 0.65

    ( )

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0.65)

  • 108

    ( )

    ( )

    ( = 3. 8 S.D = 0. 4)

    ( ) ( = 3. S.D = 0. 5)

    ( = . 7 S.D. = 0. 4)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    42 85 40 0 2.95 0.74 (1.8) (24.7) (50.0) (24.7) (0.0)

    2

    ( )

    2 2 102 1 2 .00 0.68 (1.2) (18.8) (60.0) (18.8) (1.2)

    ( )

    2 6 8 47 2 .06 0.76 (1.2) (21.2) (48.8) (27.6) (1.2)

  • 109

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    1 9 102 50 8 . 2 0.67 (0.6) (5. ) (60.0) (29.4) (4.7)

    .09 0.56

    ( )

    ( = 3. 9 S.D = 0.56)

    ( )

    ( ) (

    = 3. 2 S.D = 0. 7) ( )

    ( = 3. S.D = 0. 6)

    ( )

    ( = . 5 S.D. = 0. )

  • 110

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    1 42 96 1 0 2.92 0.67

    (0.6) (24.7) (56.5) (18.2) (0.0)

    2

    ( )

    4 49 79 27 11 2.95 0.89

    (2.4) (28.8) (46.5) (15.9) (6.5)

    ( )

    25 61 6 19 2 2.48 0.91

    (14.7) ( 5.9) ( 7.1) (11.2) (1.2)

    4

    ( )

    10 5 90 5 0 2.88 0.79

    (5.9) (20.6) (52.9) (20.6) (0.0)

    2.81 0.68

  • 111

    ( )

    ( = . 1 S.D = 0.68)

    ( )

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0. 9)

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0. 7)

    ( )

    ( = .48 S.D. = 0. 1)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    6 11 80 56 17 . 9 0.,88 ( .5) (6.5) (47.1) ( 2.9) (10.0)

    2

    6 20 64 6 17 . 8 0.94 ( .5) (11.8) ( 7.6) ( 7.1) (10.0)

    ( )

    12 45 78 27 8 2.85 0.9 (7.1) (26.5) (45.9) (15.9) (4.7)

  • 112

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    22 44 64 2 8 2.76 1.05

    (12.9) (25.9) ( 7.6) (18.8) (4.7)

    .10 0.86

    ( )

    ( = 3.10 S.D = 0.86)

    ( )

    ( = 3.38 S.D = 0.94)

    ( = 3.39 S.D = 0.88) ( )

    ( = . S.D. = . 5)

  • 11

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    10 6 84 40 0 2.91 0.82

    (5.9) (21.2) (49.4) (2 .5) (0.0)

    2

    ( )

    2 45 85 2 6 2.97 0.80

    (1.2) (26.5) (50.0) (18.8) ( .5)

    ( )

    1 21 87 52 9 .28 0.76

    (0.6) (12.4) (51.2) ( 0.6) (5. )

    4

    ( )

    2 7 94 57 10 . 9 0.71

    (1.2) (4.1) (55. ) ( .5) (5.9)

    .14 .

    ( )

    ( = 3.14 S.D = 0.65)

  • 114

    ( )

    ( ) ( = 3.39

    S.D = 0. 1)

    ( ) ( = 3. 8 S.D = 0. 6)

    ( ) ( = .91

    S.D. = . 2)

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    1 59 91 16 .69 0.68

    (0.6) (1.8) ( 4.7) (5 .5) (9.4)

    2

    ( )

    0 65 82 20 .70 0.69

    (0.0) (1.8) ( 8.2) (48.2) (11.8)

    ( )

    4 2 84 74 6 .45 0.69

    (2.4) (1.2) (49.4) (4 .5) ( .5)

  • 115

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    4

    ( )

    0 11 84 69 6 .41 0.66

    (0.0) (6.5) (49.4) (40.6) ( .5)

    .56 0.5

    ( )

    ( = 3. 6 S.D = 0.5 )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( = 3.70 S.D = 0. 9) ( )

    ( = 3. 9

    S.D = 0. ) ( )

    ( = 3.41 S.D. = . )

  • 116

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    ( )

    2 14 81 58 15 .41 0.81

    (1.2) (8.2) (47.6) ( 4.1) (8.8)

    2

    ( )

    4 25 77 47 17 .28 0.91

    (2.4) (14.7) (45. ) (27.6) (10.0)

    ( )

    0 7 50 82 1 .81 0.79

    (0.0) (4.1) (29.4) (48.2) (18.2)

    4

    ( )

    6 10 74 56 24 .48 0.9

    ( .5) (5.9) (4 .5) ( 2.9) (14.1)

    .50 0.7

    ( )

    ( = 3.50 S.D = 0.7 )

    ( )

    ( ) ( = 3.81 S.D = 0. )

  • 117

    ( )

    ( = 3. 8 S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( = 3. 8 S.D. = . 1)

    5

    - 3

    (n= 170)

    S.D.

    1. .46 0.54

    2. .5 0.61

    .50 0.54

    ( )

    ( = 3. S.D. = 0.54)

    ( )

    ( = .

    S.D. = 0.61) ( = . 6

    S.D. = 0.54)

  • 118

    (n= 170)

    ( )

    S.D.

    1

    1 5 6 94 7 .59 0.64

    (1.0) (2.0) ( 7. ) (55.9) ( .9)

    2

    1 7 107 48 7 . 1 0.64

    (0.6) (4.1) (62.9) (28.2) (4.1)

    0 9 78 76 7 .48 0.66

    (0.0) (5. ) (45.9) (44.7) (4.1)

    4

    0 5 90 64 11 .48 0.66

    (0.0) (2.9) (52.9) ( 7.6) (6.5)

    .46 0.54

    ( )

    ( = 3. 6 S.D = 0.54)

    ( )

    ( = 3.59 S.D = 0. )

    ( = 3. S.D = 0. )

    ( = 3. S.D = 0. )

    ( = 3.31 S.D. = . 4)

  • 119

    3

    (n= 170)

    S.D.

    1

    1 7 88 67 7 .42 0.66

    (0.6) (4.1) (51.8) ( 9.4) (4.1)

    2

    0 6 87 67 10 .48 0.66

    (0.0) ( .5) (51.2) ( 9.4) (5.9)

    1 9 56 92 12 .62 0.72

    (0.6) (5. ) ( 2.9) (54.1) (7.1)

    4

    0 7 69 81 1 .59 0.69

    (0.0) (4.1) (40.6) (47.6) (7.6)

    .5 0.61

    3

    ( )

    ( = 3. S.D = 0.61)

    ( ) ( = 3.62

    S.D. = .72)

    ( = 3.59 S.D = 0. 9)

    ( = 3. S.D. = . 6)

  • 120

    6

    (One-way

    ANOVA)

    Least significance difference (LSD)

    1.

    ( )

    2.

    ( )

    .

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

  • 121

    1.

    ( )

    4

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. t Sig.

    72 . 7 0.60 -1.79 0.07

    98 .52 0.48

    72 .46 0.6 -1.05 0.29

    98 .56 0.59

    72 .42 0.58 -1.47 0.14

    98 .54 0.51

    * 0.05

    24

    ( )

  • 122

    25

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    25 2 . 7 0.17 2.56 0.05

    26- 5 89 .54 0.58

    5-45 1 .51 0.41

    45 48 .28 0.51

    170 .46 0.54

    25 2 . 7 0.17 5.95 0.001*

    26- 5 89 .67 0.64

    5-45 1 .55 0.59

    45 48 .2 0.46

    170 .52 0.61

    25 2 . 7 0.00 4.65 0.004*

    26- 5 89 .61 0.58

    5-45 1 .5 0.46

    45 48 .26 0.45

    170 .49 0.54

    * 0.05

    25

    ( )

    .05

    0.05

  • 12

    0.05

    LSD

    26 LSD

    Mean

    25

    26- 5

    5-45

    45

    . 7 .67 .55 .2

    25 . 7 - -0.2 -0.16 0.11

    26- 5 .67 - 0.075 0. 5*

    5-45 .55 - 0.27*

    45 .2 -

    * 0.05

    26

    ( ) 25 ( = . 7)

    26- 5 (

    = .67)

    ( )

    25 ( = . 7) 26- 5 ( = .67)

    5-45 ( = .55)

  • 124

    ( )

    5-45 ( = .55)

    45 ( = .2 )

    27

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    95 .52 0.55 1.49 0.22

    71 . 8 0.5

    / / 4 .50 0.28

    170 .46 0.54

    95 .66 0.61 5.5 0.005*

    71 . 4 0.57

    / / 4 .50 0.57

    170 .52 0.61

    95 .59 0.55 .676 0.027*

    71 . 6 0.51

    / / 4 .50 0.4

    170 .49 0.54

    * 0.05

    27

    ( )

    .05

    0.05

  • 125

    0.05

    LSD

    28 LSD

    Mean

    /

    /

    .66 . 4 .50

    .66 - 0.229* 0.09

    . 4 - -0.1

    / / .50 -

    * 0.05

    28

    ( ) ( = .66)

    (

    = . 4)

    ( )

    ( = .66) ( = . 4)

    / / ( = .50)

  • 126

    29

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    14 . 9 0. 2 2.4 0.09

    1 7 .50 0.56

    19 .22 0.42

    170 .46 0.54

    14 .58 0.42 0.86 0.42

    1 7 .54 0.6

    19 . 5 0.57

    170 .52 0.61

    14 .49 0.29 1.55 0.21

    1 7 .52 0.57

    19 .28 0.48

    170 .49 0.54

    * 0.05

    29

    ( )

  • 127

    0

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    10,000 4 .25 0.28 1. 8 0.2

    10,001-20,000 56 .56 0. 7

    20,001- 0,000 62 .42 0.74

    0,001- 40,000 5 . 7 0. 6

    40,001- 50,000 10 .40 0. 7

    50,001 4.00 0.00

    170 .46 0.54

    10,000 4 .75 0.28 2.95 0.014*

    10,001-20,000 56 .67 0. 9

    20,001- 0,000 62 .54 0.84

    0,001- 40,000 5 .25 0. 7

    40,001- 50,000 10 . 2 0.42

    50,001 4.00 0.00

    170 .52 0.61

    10,000 4 .50 0.00 2.08 0.07

    10,001-20,000 56 .62 0. 4

    20,001- 0,000 62 .48 0.77

    0,001- 40,000 5 . 1 0. 0

    40,001- 50,000 10 . 6 0. 9

    50,001 4.00 0.00

    170 .49 0.54

  • 128

    * 0.05

    0

    ( )

    .05

    0.05

    0.05

    LSD

    1 LSD

    Mean

    10,000

    10,001-

    20,000

    20,001-

    0,000

    0,001-

    40,000

    40,001-

    50,000

    50,001

    .75 .67 .54 .25 . 2 4.00

    10,000 .75 - 0.07 0.21 0.50 0.42 -0.25

    10,001-20,000 .67 - 0.429* 0. 5 -0. 2

    20,001- 0,000 .54 - 0.290* 0.21 -0.46

    0,001- 40,000 .25 - -0.07 -0.75*

    40,001- 50,000 . 2 - -0.67

    50,001 4.00 -

    * 0.05

    1

    ( ) 10,000 ( = .75)

    10,001-20,000 ( = .67)

  • 129

    ( )

    10,000 ( = .75) 10,001-

    20,000 ( = .679)

    20,001- 0,000 ( = .54)

    ( )

    20,001- 0,000 ( = .54)

    40,001- 50,000 ( = . 2) 50,001

    ( = 4.00)

    2

    ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    5 42 .50 0.40 0.95 0.4

    6--10 58 .54 0.6

    11--15 .25 0.00

    16--20 27 . 7 0.68

    21 40 . 8 0.40

    170 .46 0.54

  • 1 0

    2 ( )

    (n= 170)

    n Mean S.D. F Sig.

    5 42 .7 0. 8 4. 5 0.002*

    6--10 58 .61 0.75

    11--15 2.8 0.14

    16--20 27 .45 0.69

    21 40 .28 0.41

    170 .52 0.61

    5

    6-10

    11-15

    16-20

    21

    42

    58

    27

    40

    170

    .61

    .58

    .04

    .41

    .

    .49

    0. 4

    0.67

    0.07

    0.66

    0. 6

    0.54

    2.50

    0.04*

    * 0.05

    2

    ( )

    .05

    0.05

    0.05

    LSD

  • 1 1

    LSD

    Mean

    5

    6-10

    11-15

    16-20

    21

    .61 .58 .04 .41 .

    5 .61 - 0.0 0.57 0.20 0.28*

    6-10 .58 - 0.5 0.16 0.24*

    11-15 .04 - -0. 7 -0.29

    16-20 .41 - 0.07

    21 . -

    * .

    ( ) 5 ( = .61)

    6-10 ( = .58)

    ( )

    5 ( = .61)

    6-10 ( = .58)

    11-15 ( = .042)

    ( )

    11-15 ( = .04)

    16-20 ( = .41) 21

    ( = . )

  • 1 2

    7

    (Coefficient Correlation: r)

    4

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    -0.0 0.69

    -0.01 0.82

    0.4 ** 0.00

    0.57** 0.00

    0.12 0.09

    0.26** 0.00

    ** p = 0.01, * p = 0.05

    4

    ( )

  • 1

    5

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    -0.15* 0.04

    -0.07 0. 0

    0. 9** 0.00

    0.57** 0.00

    0.18* 0.01

    0.20** 0.00

    ** p = 0.01, * p = 0.05

    5

    ( )

  • 1 4

    6

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    -0.20** 0.00

    0. 2** 0.00

    0.0 0.69

    0.18* 0.01

    0.08 0.25

    ** p = . , * p = .

    6

    ( )

  • 1 5

    7

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    -0.18* 0.01

    0. ** 0.00

    -0.0 0.6

    0.14 0.05

    0.05 0.44

    ** p = . , * p = .

    7

    ( )

  • 1 6

    8

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    0.04 0.52

    0.26** 0.00

    0.10 0.17

    -0.0 0.64

    0.19* 0.01

    0. 7** 0.00

    0. 1** 0.00

    0.20** 0.00

    ** p = . , * p = .

    8

    ( )

  • 1 7

    9

    ( )

    p-value

    ( r )

    -0.02 0.70

    0.15* 0.04

    0.06 0.41

    -0.04 0.52

    0.06 0.4

    0.20** 0.00

    0.25** 0.00

    0.10 0.16

    ** p = . , * p = .

    9

    ( )

  • 138

    5

    ( ) (Quantitative Research)

    1.

    ( )

    2.

    ( )

    3.

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

    1.

    .

    .

    .

  • 139

    5.

    ( ) 170

    SPSS for Windows

    9 ( = 0.0 )

    1.

    ( )

    2.

    3.

    1. 42.3 6- 5 2.3

    80. 9 .88 6-

    34.12 , - , 3 .47

    2. ( )

    ( = 3.33 S.D. = 0.39)

    ( )

    ( = 3.73 S.D. = 0.48)

  • 140

    ( = 3. 1 S.D. = 0.47)

    ( = 3.08 S.D. = 0.78)

    ( = 3.09

    S.D = 0. 7)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = 3.29 S.D = 0. ) ( )

    ( = 3.10 S.D = 0. 4)

    ( )

    ( = 2.97 S.D. = 0.81)

    ( = 3.08 S.D

    = 0.78)

    ( )

    ( ) ( = 3.34

    S.D = 0.93)

    ( = 3. 1 S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( = 2. 7 S.D. =

    0. )

    ( = 3.61 S.D = 0.47)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = 3. 4 S.D = 0. 9)

    ( = 3.62 S.D = 0.73)

    ( ) ( = . S.D.

    = 0.70)

  • 141

    ( = 3. 3 S.D =

    0.48)

    ( )

    ( = 3. 9 S.D = 0.57)

    ( )

    ( = 3. 9 S.D = 0. 2)

    ( = .5 S.D. = 0.78)

    ( = 3. 3 S.D = 0.49)

    ( )

    ( = 3. 3 S.D = 0.5 )

    ( = 3.09 S.D = 0. 3)

    ( )

    ( = . 3 S.D. = 0. 9)

    3. ( )

    ( = . S.D. = 0. )

    ( )

    ( = 3. S.D. = 0. )

    ( = 3. 3 S.D. = 0. 8)

    ( = .92 S.D. = 0. 9)

    ( = .92 S.D = 0. 9)

    ( )

    ( ) ( = 3.02 S.D = 0.69)

    ( = 3.02 S.D = 0.6 )

    ( = . 8

  • 142

    S.D = 0. 8) ( )

    ( = .6 S.D. = 0. )

    ( = . S.D = 0. )

    ( )

    ( = . 3 S.D = 0.66)

    ( ) ( = .2 S.D = 0.79)

    ( ) ( = .89 S.D. =

    0. 4)

    ( = . 8 S.D = 0.90)

    ( )

    ( = 3.02 S.D = . )

    ( ) ( = . S.D

    = 0. 1)

    ( = .63 S.D. = 0. 4)

    ( = . 2 S.D = 0. 8)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = . S.D = . 3)

    ( )

    ( = .18 S.D = . )

    ( )

    ( = .

    S.D = .77) ( )

    ( = . S.D = . 2)

    .

    ( )

  • 143

    ( = . 7 S.D. = 0. )

    ( )

    5

    ( = 3.5 S.D. = 0. 3)

    ( = 3. 0 S.D. = 0.73) ( =

    .81 S.D. = 0. 8)

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0. )

    ( )

    ( ) ( = . 8 S.D = 0. 4)

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0. )

    ( = .57 S.D. = 0. 4)

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( )

    ( = .32 S.D = 0.67)

    ( )

    ( = . 6 S.D = 0. ) ( )

    ( = . S.D. = 0. )

    ( = . 1 S.D = 0. 8)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = . 5 S.D = 0. 9)

    ( )

    ( = . S.D = 0.67)

    ( )

    ( = .48 S.D. = 0. 1)

    ( = .10 S.D = 0.8 )

  • 144

    ( )

    ( = . 8 S.D = 0.94)

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0.88)

    ( )

    ( = . S.D. = . )

    ( = .14 S.D = 0. )

    ( )

    ( ) ( = . 9 S.D = 0. 1)

    ( ) ( = . 8 S.D = 0. )

    ( ) ( = .91 S.D. = . 2)

    ( = .5 S.D = 0. 3)

    ( ) ( )

    ( = .70 S.D = 0.69)

    ( )

    ( = .69 S.D = 0.6 )

    ( )

    ( = .41 S.D. = .66)

    ( = . 0 S.D = 0.73)

    ( )

    ( ) ( = .81 S.D = 0. 3)

    ( ) ( = . 8 S.D = 0. 3)

    ( )

    ( = . 8 S.D. = . 1)

    5.

    ( )

    ( = .5 S.D. = 0. 4)

  • 14

    ( )

    ( = 3.53 S.D. = 0. 1)

    ( = 3. S.D. = 0. 4)

    ( = . S.D =

    0. 4)

    ( )

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0.6 )

    ( = . S.D = 0.6 )

    ( = . S.D = 0.6 )

    ( = . 1 S.D. = .64)

    ( = .53 S.D =

    0. 1)

    ( )

    ( = . 2 S.D. = .72)

    ( = . 9 S.D = 0.69)

    ( = . S.D. = .6 )

    ( )

    1.

    1.1

    0.0

  • 14

    (2 48 : 80)

    ( )

    0.0

    1.2

    0.0

    0.0 (2 48 : 143)

    ( )

    0.0 1.3

    0.0

    0.0

    (2 48 : 143)

    ( ) 0.0

  • 147

    1.4

    0.0

    (2 48 : 81)

    ( )

    0.0

    1. 0.0

    0.0

    (2 48 : 143)

    ( )

    0.0 1.

    0.0

    0.0

    (2 48 : 143)

    ( )

    0.0

  • 148

    2.

    2.1

    ( )

    ( )

    (2 40 : 99)

    2.2

    ( ) (2 42:202-204)

    2

    2.3 ( )

    ( )

  • 149

    ( ) (2 4 :24 )

    2.4

    ( )

    ( ) (Roter, 2 43: 38)

    2. ( )

    (Ben, 2 2: 2)

  • 1 0

    3.

    ( )

    3.1

    ( )

    (Certo,

    2 2: 81)

    3.2

    ( ) (Certo 2 2:

    81)

  • 1 1

    3.3 ( )

    (William,

    2 2: 8 )

    3.4

    (2 4 : 478)

    (2 48: 82)

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

  • 1 2

    4.1

    ( )

    ( )

    4.2

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    4.3

    ( )

    ( )

    4.4

    ( )

  • 1 3

    4.

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    4.

    ( )

    ( )

    4.7 ( )

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

    7 ( ) 7

    (Peter and Fillip, 2 2: 90) 7S

    7

  • 1 4

    ( )

    7S

    5.

    .1

    (Steers, 2 2: 94)

    2

    (2 49: 11 ) . . .

    .2

  • 1

    (2 49)

    . .

    1.

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

  • 1

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

  • 1 7

    ( )

    ( )

    ( )

  • 1 8

    ( )

  • 1 9

    2.

    2.1 ( )

    TQM 2.2

  • 160

    . . 2. :

    , 2543.

    .

    .

    , , 2542.

    .

    3. : , 2533.

    . . : , 2541.

    . . : , 2543.

    ( ). . : , 2550. . “

    ”. . . .( )

    , 2552.

    . : . 5.

    : , 2544.

    . . 2. : , 2545.

    . . :

    , 2546.

    . . . , 2532.

    . . : , 2541.

    . . : , 2542.

    . . :

    , 2541.

  • 161

    . . :

    , 2544.

    . “

    . . . . . . .( ).

    , 2549.

    . “

    . . ”. . . .( ). :

    , 2549.

    . .

    : , 2542.

    . .[ ]. 30 2553,

    http://library.riu.ac.th

    . . : , 2539.

    . . : , 2545.

    . . :

    , 2550.

    .

    . . , 2540.

    . . : , 2540.

    . . : , 2545.

    . : . 3.

    : , 2545.

    . “

    ”. . . ( ). : , 2546.

  • 162

    . . ( 3). :

    . . , 2544.

    , . 1

    5. : , 2545.

    .

    . 8. : , 2543.

  • 163

  • 164

  • 165

    1

    ( )

    1.

    . ( ) 2. ( ) .

    . ( ) 5 2. ( ) 26 – 5 . ( ) 5 – 5 . ( ) 5 3.

    1. ( ) . ( )

    3. ( )

    4.

    . ( ) 2. ( ) /

    . ( ) / /

    5.

    1. ( ) 5 . ( ) 6 – 10 3. ( ) 11 – 15 4. ( ) 16 – 0

    5. ( ) 1

    5.

    1. ( ) 10,000 . ( ) 10,001 - 0,000

    3. ( ) 0,001 - 30,000 4. ( ) 30,001 - 40,000

    5. ( ) 40,001 - 50,000 6. ( ) 50,001

  • 166

    2

    3 4 5

    . ( )

    . ( )

    3. ( )

    4. ( )

    5.

    ( )

    6.

    ( )

  • 167

    3 4 5

    7.

    ( )

    8.

    9.

    ( )

    10. ( )

    11.

    ( )

    1 .

    13.

    ( )

  • 168

    3 4 5

    14.

    15.

    16.

    ( )

    17. Intranet

    ( )

    18.

    19.

    0. ( )

  • 169

    3

    3 4 5

    . ( )

    .

    ( )

    3.

    4.

    5.

    ( )

    6.

    7.

    ( )

    8.

    ( )

  • 170

    3 4 5

    9.

    ( )

    10.

    11.

    1 .

    3. ( )

    14. ( )

    15. ( )

    16. ( )

  • 171

    4

    3 4 5

    .

    ( )

    .

    ( )

    3.

    4.

    ( )

    5. ( )

    6. ( )

    7. ( )

    8. ( )

    9. ( )

  • 17

    3 4 5

    10. ( )

    11. ( )

    1 . ( )

    3.

    14.

    15. ( )

    16. ( )

    17.

    ( )

    18.

    ( )

  • 173

    3 4 5

    19.

    ( )

    0.

    ( )

    1. ( )

    . ( )

    3. ( )

    4. ( )

    5.

    ( )

    6.

    ( )

    7.

    ( )

    8.

    ( )

  • 174

    5

    3 4 5

    .

    .

    3.

    4.

    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

  • 175

  • 176

  • 177

  • 178

  • 179

  • 180

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    B1 63.4333 56.5 99 .4564 .8 77

    B 63.5000 55.5690 .5060 .8 51

    B3 63.4667 56.4644 .4 65 .8 94

    B4 63.1667 55.3851 .6706 .8186

    B5 63. 000 54.5793 .5703 .8 15

    B6 63.9333 57.7195 .4048 .830

    B7 63.4000 54.317 .564 .8 17

    B8 63. 667 55.51 6 .4663 .8 74

    B9 6 .8333 58.4885 .40 7 .8304

    B10 6 .7667 60.1161 . 367 .8373

    B11 6 .9333 58.1333 .4650 .8 81

    B1 6 .6667 58.0 30 .3635 .83

    B13 6 .8333 56.7644 .5681 .8 35

    B14 6 .4333 59.909 .3301 .8333

    B15 6 .9000 60.9897 . 095 .8375

    B16 6 .5667 63. 885 -.03 3 .8473

    B17 63.5000 61.4310 .0957 .8447

    B18 63.3667 57.6885 .4840 .8 71

    B19 63.1333 57.5678 .5970 .8 41

    B 0 63.5667 56. 540 .5099 .8 51

    Reliability Coefficients

    N of Cases = 30.0 N of Items = 0

    Alpha = .8370

  • 181

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    C1 43.5333 70.9471 .76 3 .9 39

    C 43. 333 7 .5989 .7443 .9 50

    C3 43.1000 73.955 .6710 .9 68

    C4 43.1000 7 .78 8 .7187 .9 55

    C5 43. 667 74.409 .5149 .9 99

    C6 4 .9000 76.9897 .3061 .9346

    C7 43.0667 73.3057 .6457 .9 70

    C8 43.1000 7 .5069 .6401 .9 70

    C9 43.5667 68.8747 .75 4 .9 39

    C10 43.6333 68.378 .8 3 .9 18

    C11 43.4000 63.8345 .8658 .9 06

    C1 43.5000 67.36 1 .7664 .9 36

    C13 4 .8333 74.9713 .4906 .9304

    C14 4 .9333 73. 368 .6817 .9 63

    C15 43.4333 73.3575 .5144 .9303

    C16 43.4000 7 .8690 .59 9 .9 81

    Reliability Coefficients

    N of Cases = 30.0 N of Items = 16

    Alpha = .9309

  • 18

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    D1 84.0000 197.3793 .5807 .9506

    D 83.8333 199.109 .5041 .9513

    D3 84.6000 189.97 4 .637 .9505

    D4 84.1667 193.178 .6857 .9496

    D5 83.9667 197.9644 .575 .9507

    D6 83.9667 00.4471 .6846 .9503

    D7 84.1000 195.4034 .7008 .9496

    D8 83.7667 0 .1851 .3988 .95 1

    D9 84.1667 199. 471 .6053 .9505

    D10 84. 333 197.0816 .5894 .9505

    D11 84.6333 195.1368 .6 16 .950

    D1 84. 667 19 .89 0 .6966 .9495

    D13 83.7333 193.7885 .7406 .9491

    D14 83.7333 190.89 0 .7500 .9489

    D15 84.3000 188.9759 .7834 .9485

    D16 84.4333 191. 195 .6196 .9506

    D17 84. 000 19 .9 41 .7639 .9489

    D18 84. 000 196.4414 .5954 .9505

    D19 83.8000 194.3034 .6890 .9496

    D 0 83.6333 195.0678 .7081 .9495

    D 1 83.5000 01.5690 .45 0 .9516

    D 83.4333 01.4 64 .4 79 .9519

    D 3 83.6667 0 .1609 .5354 .9511

  • 183

    ( )

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    D 4 83.8333 199.5 30 .7177 .9500

    D 5 83.7667 193.7713 .6665 .9498

    D 6 83.7333 189.9954 .8 88 .9481

    D 7 83.4000 197.5586 .4940 .9516

    D 8 83.7333 187.51 6 .7109 .9496

    Reliability Coefficients

    N of Cases = 30.0 N of Items = 8

    Alpha = .95 9

  • 184

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    E1 4.0667 14.409 .6790 .9154

    E 4.3333 14.7816 .6496 .9174

    E3 4.1667 14.9713 .6 40 .919

    E4 4.1000 14.0 41 .76 5 .9086

    E5 4.1333 14.1885 .80 7 .9058

    E6 4. 333 13.840 .8 38 .9036

    E7 4.0333 13.5506 .8034 .9051

    E8 4.1333 14.1195 .74 5 .910

    Reliability Coefficients

    N of Cases = 30.0 N of Items = 8

    Alpha = .9

  • 185

    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    B1 4. 333 868.1851 .4771 .9636

    B 4.3000 866.9069 .4800 .9636

    B3 4. 667 867.0989 .4663 .9637

    B4 3.9667 867. 747 .59 4 .9633

    B5 4.0000 86 .6897 .548 .9634

    B6 4.7333 869.51 6 .49 8 .9635

    B7 4. 000 859.7517 .5790 .9633

    B8 4.0667 861.8575 .53 3 .9635

    B9 3.6333 875.7575 .4168 .9637

    B10 3.5667 880.7368 . 853 .9641

    B11 3.7333 876.6161 .419 .9637

    B1 3.4667 88 .9471 . 053 .9644

    B13 3.6333 87 .5161 .4939 .9635

    B14 3. 333 88 .8747 . 940 .9640

    B15 3.7000 886.9759 .1777 .964

    B16 3.3667 896.4471 -.0694 .9649

    B17 4.3000 894.56 1 -.0 54 .9650

    B18 4.1667 874.4195 .45 9 .9636

    B19 3.9333 871.3057 .6 34 .9633

    B 0 4.3667 865.7575 .5536 .9634

    C1 4.6667 868.6437 .5454 .9634

    C 4.3667 871.3437 .5686 .9634

    C3 4. 333 87 .9437 .5689 .9634

    C4 4. 333 869.978 .5975 .9633

    C5 4.4000 871.9034 .4999 .9635

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    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    C6 4.0333 874.9989 .4 88 .9637

    C7 4. 000 866.9931 .6514 .963

    C8 4. 333 866. 540 .6031 .9633

    C9 4.7000 86 .0793 .565 .9633

    C10 4.7667 857.4 64 .6783 .9630

    C11 4.5333 838.0506 .8039 .96 5

    C1 4.6333 858.9 99 .5613 .9634

    C13 3.9667 867.0678 .639 .963

    C14 4.0667 863.9 64 .7586 .96 9

    C15 4.5667 869.1506 .4894 .9636

    C16 4.5333 869.6368 .51 9 .9635

    D1 4. 000 866.9 41 .6089 .9633

    D 4.0333 869.8954 .5489 .9634

    D3 4.8000 855.8897 .5879 .9633

    D4 4.3667 86 .9989 .6101 .963

    D5 4.1667 867.5 30 .6191 .963

    D6 4.1667 874.8333 .6658 .9633

    D7 4.3000 863.3 07 .7144 .9630

    D8 3.9667 874.9989 .48 0 .9636

    D9 4.3667 871.8 64 .6077 .9633

    D10 4.4333 867.4954 .5898 .9633

    D11 4.8333 867.178 .5433 .9634

    D1 4.4667 861.9816 .6 93 .963

    D13 3.9333 861.3747 .7 01 .9630

    D14 3.9333 857.0 99 .6990 .96 9

  • 187

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    R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

    Item-total Statistics

    Scale Scale Corrected

    Mean Variance Item- Alpha

    if Item if Item Total if Item

    Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

    D15 4.5000 856.67 4 .6657 .9630

    D16 4.6333 866.0333 .44 .9638

    D17 4.4000 86 .5 41 .677 .9631

    D18 4.4000 868.7310 .5391 .9634

    D19 4.0000 863.86 1 .6397 .963

    D 0 3.8333 863.5 30 .6999 .9630

    D 1 3.7000 875.3 07 .4935 .9636

    D 3.6333 873.6195 .504 .9635

    D 3 3.8667 879.3609 .4868 .9636

    D 4 4.0333 873.9644 .6637 .9633

    D 5 3.9667 858. 40 .7151 .96 9

    D 6 3.9333 856. 713 .7491 .96 8

    D 7 3.6000 864.5931 .5779 .9633

    D 8 3.9333 850.6851 .6603 .9630

    E1 3.7333 879.51 6 .3468 .9639

    E 4.0000 873.86 1 .5 15 .9635

    E3 3.8333 884.4885 . 448 .9641

    E4 3.7667 88 .1161 . 816 .9640

    E5 3.8000 890.717 .0768 .9644

    E6 3.9000 881.1966 .3111 .9640

    E7 3.7000 88 .355 . 569 .9641

    E8 3.8000 879.4069 .3495 .9639

    Reliability Coefficients

    N of Cases = 30.0 N of Items = 7

    Alpha = .9640

  • 188

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    Title_pageAbstractContentChapter1Chapter2Chapter3Chapter4Chapter5BibliographyAppendix