13471 Pre Employment

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The joint international labor

organization committee onOccupational health, 1950 defined

occupational health as “The

highest degree of physical,mental and social well-being of

workers in all occupations.”

DEFINITION:DEFINITION:



GOALSGOALS

• To reduce industrial accidents.

•

To prevent occupational hazards/diseases.

• To achieve maximum human

efficiency and machine efficiency.

• To reduce sick absenteeism.



OBJECTIVES OFOBJECTIVES OF

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH:OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH:

• To maintain and promote the physical,mental and social well being of the workers.

• To prevent occupational diseases andinjuries.

• To adapt the work place and workenvironment to the needs of the workers i.eapplication of ergonomics principle.

• It should be preventive rather than curative.



It represents a dynamicequilibrium between

the worker and his

occupational environment.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTHOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH



What is occupationalWhat is occupational

health care?health care?

Occupational health care is preventive

health care, which is provided on the

basis of the Occupational Health CareAct. The objective of occupational health

care is a healthy and safe working

environment, a well-functioning working

community, prevention of work-related

diseases as well as the maintenance of

employees’ working ability and functional

capacity, and promotion of their health.



Advantages of Advantages of

Occupational health careOccupational health care

•Investigates and assesses load factors and

hazards and gives expert assistance for

eliminating them•Gives information and advice•Estimates employees’ working ability and

monitors their health condition•

By its knowledge and skills supports action for maintaining working ability in the development

of individuals, working environment and

working community, in this way also affecting

productivity continued



•Prevents occupational diseases and

other work-related illnesses•

Prevents premature incapacity for work, reduces pension costs•Reduces absenteeism due to sickness•Can make calculations of the

profitability of occupational safety andhealth and occupational health care in

cooperation with workplaces or

encourage workplaces to make these

themselves.

Advantages of OccupationalAdvantages of Occupational

health care -health care - contcont



THE UNDERTAKINGS FOR THETHE UNDERTAKINGS FOR THE

NEED OF OCCUPATIONALNEED OF OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH SERVICES:HEALTH SERVICES:

1. Any undertakings, which employ

more than the prescribed number.

2. Public sector undertakings3. Atomic energy unit, explosive

production unit, mining unit, and

asbestos production unit etc.,4. A unit where workers are exposed

to health hazards from toxic

substances.



FUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONALFUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH SERVICE -HEALTH SERVICE - CONT..CONT..

1. Pre-employment medical examination.

2. First Aid and emergency service.

3. Supervision of the work environment

for the control of dangerous substances inthe work environment.

4. Special periodic medical examination

particularly for the workers in dangerous



6. Special examination and surveillance of

health of women and children

7. Advising the employer or management for improving working conditions, and

placement of hazards.

8. Monitoring of working environment for

assessment and control of hazards.9. Supervision over sanitation, hygiene and

canteen facilities.

10. Liaison and cooperation with the safety

committees

FUNCTION OF HEALTHFUNCTION OF HEALTH

SERVICE -SERVICE - CONT..CONT..



FUNCTION OF HEALTHFUNCTION OF HEALTH

SERVICE -SERVICE - CONT..CONT..

10. Liaison and cooperation with the safety

committees

11. Maintenance of medical records for medical check-up and follow-up for

maintaining health standards and also for

evaluation.

12. To carry out other parallel activities such

as nutrition programme, family planning,

social services recreation etc., Concerning

the health and welfare of the workers.





Components occupationalComponents occupational

health services –health services – CONT..CONT..

• Medical treatment, First aid treatment in

emergency.• Health education, First aid education.• Medical examination• Pre employment examination• Medical treatment, First aid treatment in

emergency.• Health education, First aid education.• Medical examination

Pre employment examination

Periodic medical examinationS ecial medical examination



. Health counseling

. Stress management

. Mental health

. And Physical health

. Rehabilitation programme

. Medical rehabilitation

. Social rehabilitation

. Educational rehabilitation

. Vocational rehabilitation


health services -health services - CONT..CONT..



• Assessment of dusts pollution

• Assessment of noise pollution

• Assessment of vibration

• Assessment heat radiation

• Assessment of radiation





Supervision of the working environment

•Hazard identification

•Monitoring

•Evaluation

•Engineering project review

•Control measures

•

Development of personal protective devices





. Family welfare program

. To take care of employee and

dependents

. Disaster management

. Health records maintenance







INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ANDINDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND

TOXICOLOGY UNITTOXICOLOGY UNIT

• Air Quality Monitoring

• Air-borne particulate sampling

• Ambient noise measurement and control

• Ventilation testing

• Lighting evaluation

• Thermal stress evaluation

• Biological Monitoring of workers exposed

to lead, Manganese, Chromium and Nickel



OCCUPATIONALOCCUPATIONAL

PHYSIOLOGY UNITPHYSIOLOGY UNIT

• Evaluation of occupational work

capacity• Differential Diagnosis of exercise

induced cardio-pulmonary stress

•

Disability Evaluation• Evaluation of fitness for highly

demanding jobs



MEDITEL- A Radio TelemetryMEDITEL- A Radio Telemetry

(3- Channel) system(3- Channel) system

•

Pulse Rate• Body Temperature

• Energy Expenditure



PULMONARYPULMONARY

FUNCTION TESTSFUNCTION TESTS

• VITALOGRAPH S-MODEL SPIROMETER

(Total lung volume, timed lung volume and

flow lung volume)

• WHOLE BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPH

(residual lung volume, total lung capacity,

air-way resistance, static and dynamiccompliance)



OCCUPATIONALOCCUPATIONAL

PSYCHOLOGY UNITPSYCHOLOGY UNIT

• Stress Management

• Job enrichment

•

Executive skill development• Organizational development

• Safety awareness system development

• Absenteeism control

• Job satisfaction

• Mental health survey

• And human relation



TOXICOLOGYTOXICOLOGY

LABORATORY UNITLABORATORY UNIT

• PHOTOELECTRIC COLORIMETER

• SPECTROPHOTOMETER

• ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER

• PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROMETER

• And GAS CHROMOTOGRAPHY



Work physiology &Work physiology &

Ergonomics Unit –Ergonomics Unit – CONT..CONT..

• Development of exercise program

• Study of vibration exposure• Categorization of work load

• Determination of energy expenditure

• And design ergonomics (machinery,equipment)



•Evaluation of occupational work

capacity•Ergonomics analysis of work systems

•Work station design

•Development of pre employment jobfitness tests

•Job analysis

Work physiology &Work physiology &

Ergonomics Unit –Ergonomics Unit – CONT..CONT..



MORGAN EXERCISEMORGAN EXERCISE

TEST SYSTEMTEST SYSTEM

• TEST MONITOR UNIT

(E.C.G Monitor, Ventilation Monitor

and gas analyser)

• MAGNA 88 MICROCOMPUTER

• And a PRINTER with graphicresolution



HEAT STRESS EVALUATIONHEAT STRESS EVALUATION

• Sling Psychrometer

• Kata Thermometer

• Hot Wire Anemometer

•

WBGT index meter • Dry Bulb thermometer

• Wet Bulb thermometer

• Globe thermometer

• Air velocity

• Physiological response to heat• Humidity



APPLICATION OF HEATAPPLICATION OF HEAT

STRESS EVALUATIONSTRESS EVALUATION

•

Heat stress index• Predicted four hour sweat rate



NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENTNOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT

•

Sound level meter • Octave filter sets

• Personnel Noise Dose meter



ILLUMINATION & RADIATIONILLUMINATION & RADIATION

MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT

• Lux meter

• UV digital meter

• Gamma Radiation Survey Meter





EVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERICEVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC

CONTAMINANTSCONTAMINANTS

• Personal air samplersPersonal air samplers

• Drager Multigas Detector Drager Multigas Detector • Drager Polymeter Drager Polymeter

• Drager CMS analyser Drager CMS analyser

• Real Time Aerosol Monitor Real Time Aerosol Monitor

• Gravimetric Dust Sampler Gravimetric Dust Sampler

• Hexhlet air sampler Hexhlet air sampler



GLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONALGLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH –CONT..HEALTH –CONT..

• Strengthening of international and national policiesStrengthening of international and national policies

for health at work and development of policy toolsfor health at work and development of policy tools• Developing healthy working environmentDeveloping healthy working environment

• Developing healthy work practices and promotingDeveloping healthy work practices and promoting

health at work health at work

• Strengthening occupational health servicesStrengthening occupational health services

• Establishing support services for occupational healthEstablishing support services for occupational health



•Developing occupational health standards based onDeveloping occupational health standards based on

scientific risk assessmentscientific risk assessment

•Developing human resources for occupationalDeveloping human resources for occupationalhealthhealth

•Establishing registration data system and raisingEstablishing registration data system and raising

public awareness through strengthened publicpublic awareness through strengthened public

information systeminformation system

•Strengthening researchStrengthening research

•Developing collaboration in occupational healthDeveloping collaboration in occupational health

services and organizationservices and organization

GLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONALGLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTHHEALTH

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13471 Pre Employment