1

Fourth and Fifth Amendments Police State –

country where military or law enforcement are in power and abuse power

Warrant – document that gives law enforcement official permission to take an action

Seize – to take by force

Evidence – items that prove or disprove someone’s guilt

2

Fourth and Fifth Amendments Probable cause – used to

justify searching – law enforcement has reason to believe a crime is being committed or has been committed. Needs to be more than just suspicion but not enough to prove guilt.

Reasonable Suspicion – level of proof schools need to search student belongings. Made up of three parts: 1. severity of threat; 2. reliability of source; 3. past record of the accused

FOURTH AMENDMENT Known as privacy amendment Protects citizens from

unreasonable searches and seizures

In most cases law enforcement must have a search warrant or permission to search or seize private property

Warrants are issued by a judge

Officer may only search for items related to crime specified in warrant

EXCEPTIONS: if officers believe they have “probable cause” or in some “terrorist” cases

3

Fourth and Fifth Amendments Indict – to formally

accuse (doesn’t show guilt or innocence – just says a trial should happen)

Indictment – a formal accusation

Grand Jury – a jury who decides whether or not accused should be indicted (doesn’t decide guilt)

4

Fourth and Fifth Amendments Self-incrimination – saying

something to show your own guilt

Double jeopardy – being put on trial twice for the same crime

Due Process of Law – laws must be reasonable and all procedures for cases must be followed equally for all citizens

Eminent Domain – right of the government to take private property for public use

Testify – giving information or evidence about a case in court

FIFTH AMENDMENT Citizens cannot be put on

trial without a grand jury indictment

No Double Jeopardy You cannot be forced to

testify against yourself (Right against “Self-incrimination”)

Everyone has the right to Due Process

Government can exercise the right of Eminent Domain and take private property, but must pay a reasonable market value for property