中中药药方命名翻译方命名翻译TrTranslation of TCM Foanslation of TCM Fo

rmularmula

杨明山杨明山参照国外资料参照国外资料

1 1 方方药药常用术语常用术语方剂方剂

prescription, recipe, formulaprescription, recipe, formula方剂学方剂学

prescriptionology**prescriptionology**

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 与方剂有关的术语与方剂有关的术语大方大方 grandiose prescriptionsgrandiose prescriptions

heavy prescription /heavy prescription /patent prescriptionpatent prescription (L)(L)

major formula major formula ((WW))

小方小方 minor prescriptionsminor prescriptionssmall prescription /small prescription /light prescriptionlight prescriptionminor formulaminor formula

緩方緩方 mild prescriptionmild prescriptiongentle formulagentle formula

急方急方 prescription for emergency /prescription for emergency /

urgent prescriptionurgent prescriptionurgent formulaurgent formula

單方單方 single-drug prescriptions /single-drug prescriptions /simple prescriptionssimple prescriptionssimple formulasimple formula

複方複方 complex prescription /complex prescription /composite prescriptioncomposite prescriptioncompound formulacompound formula

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 与方剂有关的术语 与方剂有关的术语 (( 续续 ))奇方奇方 odd-numbered prescription**odd-numbered prescription**

odd-number formulaodd-number formula偶方偶方 even prescription**even prescription**

even-number formulaeven-number formula

經方經方 classical prescriptionclassical prescriptionclassical remedyclassical remedy

時方時方 nonclassical prescriptionnonclassical prescription post-post-antique formulaantique formula

輕方輕方 light prescriptionlight prescriptionlight formulalight formula

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 与方剂有关的术语 与方剂有关的术语 (( 续续 ))

宣剂宣剂 dispersing prescriptionsdispersing prescriptions 燥剂燥剂 dry prescriptionsdry prescriptions

洩剂洩剂 purgative prescriptionspurgative prescriptions 湿剂湿剂 moistening prescriptionsmoistening prescriptions

重剂重剂 heavy prescriptionsheavy prescriptions 寒剂寒剂 cold prescriptionscold prescriptions

滑剂滑剂 lubricating prescriptionslubricating prescriptions 热剂热剂 heat prescriptionsheat prescriptions

补剂补剂 tonic prescriptionstonic prescriptions 升剂升剂 ascending prescriptionsascending prescriptions

涩涩剂剂 astringent prescriptionsastringent prescriptions 降剂降剂 descending prescriptionsdescending prescriptions

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语剂型 剂型 prescription typesprescription types

1. 1. 汤剂 汤剂 (decoction)(decoction)2. 2. 散剂 散剂 (powder)(powder)3. 3. 丸剂 丸剂 (bolus, pellet, pill)(bolus, pellet, pill)

蜜丸蜜丸 honeyed bolushoneyed bolus水丸水丸 water pellet / water-paste water pellet / water-paste pillpill糊丸糊丸 paste pillpaste pill濃縮丸濃縮丸 condensed pelletcondensed pellet

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 剂型 剂型 prescription types (prescription types ( 续续 ))

4. 4. 膏剂 膏剂 (extract, ointment and plaster)(extract, ointment and plaster)浸膏浸膏 extractextract流浸膏流浸膏 liquid extractliquid extract煎膏煎膏 decocted pastedecocted paste软膏软膏 ointment, pasteointment, paste硬膏硬膏 plasterplaster

5. 5. 丹剂 丹剂 ((elixirelixir, dan), dan) 6. 6. 酒剂 酒剂 (medicated wine, vinum)(medicated wine, vinum) 7. 7. 茶剂 茶剂 (medicated tea)(medicated tea) 8. 8. 药露 药露 (distilled medicinal water / medicinal dew)(distilled medicinal water / medicinal dew)

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 剂型 剂型 prescription types (prescription types ( 续续 ))

9. 9. 錠剂、餅剂 錠剂、餅剂 (lozenge, pastille, troche and medi(lozenge, pastille, troche and medicated cake)cated cake) 10. 10. 片剂 片剂 (tablet)(tablet) 11. 11. 糖漿剂 糖漿剂 (syrup)(syrup) 12. 12. 沖剂 沖剂 (granule, infusion*)(granule, infusion*) 13. 13. 灸剂 灸剂 (moxa-preparation)(moxa-preparation) 14. 14. 針剂 針剂 (injection)(injection) 15. 15. 栓剂 栓剂 (suppository)(suppository) 16. 16. 胶囊剂 胶囊剂 (capsule)(capsule)

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 配伍 配伍 compositioncomposition / combine / combine

配伍禁忌配伍禁忌 contradiction of compatibilitycontradiction of compatibility 七情 七情 seven featuresseven features / relations ≠ affections / relations ≠ affections**

單行單行 single applicationsingle application / going alone / going alone 相須相須 mutual promotionmutual promotion / mutual need / mutual need 相使相使 mutual enhancementmutual enhancement / empowering / empowering 相畏相畏 mutual antagonismmutual antagonism / fearing / fearing 相恶相恶 inhibitioninhibition / aversion / aversion 相杀相杀 detoxificationdetoxification / killing / killing 相反相反 incompatibilityincompatibility / clashing / clashing

1 1 方药常用术语方药常用术语 炮制 炮制 processingprocessing漂漂 bleachingbleaching 煨煨 toastingtoasting 蒸蒸 steamingsteaming

泡泡 soakingsoaking 炒炒 fryingfrying 蒸露蒸露 distillationdistillation

水飛水飛 refining with refining with waterwater

烘烘 bakingbaking 煮煮 boilingboiling

煅煅 charring, charring, calciningcalcining

焙焙 mild heatingmild heating 淬淬 quenchingquenching

炮炮 roastingroasting 炙炙 frying with frying with liquids* / mix-liquids* / mix-fryfry

熬熬 simmeringsimmering

2 2 中药译名中药译名 2.1 2.1 拉丁药名拉丁药名

植物中药植物中药甘草甘草 Radix GlycyrrhizaeRadix Glycyrrhizae

动物中药动物中药蛇胆蛇胆 Fel SerpentisFel Serpentis

矿物中药矿物中药硫磺硫磺 Natrii SulfasNatrii Sulfas

2 2 中药译名中药译名 葯用植物拉丁名称源於植物学名葯用植物拉丁名称源於植物学名 学名 学名 (( 属名 属名 / / 种名种名 ) +) + 入药部分 入药部分 (( 根、花、果、叶……根、花、果、叶…… ))

天麻天麻Rhizoma Gastrodiae (Rhizoma Gastrodiae ( 属名属名 ))

枳殼枳殼Fructus Aurantii (Fructus Aurantii ( 种名种名 ))

秦秦艽艽 Radix Gentiannae Macrophyllae (Radix Gentiannae Macrophyllae ( 全称全称 ))

2 2 中药译名中药译名 泽泻泽泻

Rhizoma AlismatisRhizoma AlismatisAlisma plantagoAlisma plantago rhizome rhizome

车前子车前子Semen PlantaginisSemen PlantaginisPlantago asiatica Plantago asiatica SeedSeedPlantago depressaPlantago depressa Seed Seed

2 2 中药译名中药译名 通草通草

Medulla TetrapanacisMedulla TetrapanacisTetrapanax papyriferusTetrapanax papyriferus Medulla Medulla

薏苡仁薏苡仁Semen CoicisSemen CoicisCoix lachrymaCoix lachryma Seed Seed

伏苓伏苓Poria CocosPoria Cocos

2 2 中药译名中药译名 須注意同物異名須注意同物異名

板蓝根板蓝根Radix IsatidisRadix Isatidis

大青叶大青叶Folium IsatidisFolium Isatidis

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.1 3.1 以方中主要药物命名以方中主要药物命名

a) a) 以主药一味命名以主药一味命名麻黃汤 麻黃汤 (Ephedra Decoction)(Ephedra Decoction)桂枝汤 桂枝汤 (Cinnamon Twig Decoction)(Cinnamon Twig Decoction)

b) b) 以主药二味命名以主药二味命名桑菊饮 桑菊饮 (Mulberry Leaf and Chrysanthemum B(Mulberry Leaf and Chrysanthemum Beverage)everage)银翘散 银翘散 (Lonicera and Forsythia Powder)(Lonicera and Forsythia Powder)

c) c) 以三味主药命名以三味主药命名麻黄连翹赤小豆汤 麻黄连翹赤小豆汤 (Ephedra, Forsythia and Ric(Ephedra, Forsythia and Rice Bean Decoction)e Bean Decoction)

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.2 3.2 以方中全部組成药物命名以方中全部組成药物命名

a) a) 按組成各味药物全名命名按組成各味药物全名命名麻黃杏仁石膏甘草汤 麻黃杏仁石膏甘草汤 (( 麻杏石甘汤麻杏石甘汤 ))

Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum and LicoEphedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum and Licorice Decoctionrice DecoctionMaxing Shigan DecoctionMaxing Shigan Decoction

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.2 3.2 以方中全部組成药物命名以方中全部組成药物命名

b) b) 取組成药品中各一個字命名取組成药品中各一個字命名参桂朮甘汤参桂朮甘汤

Ginseng, Cinnamon Twig, Bighead AtractylGinseng, Cinnamon Twig, Bighead Atractylodes and Licorice Decoctionodes and Licorice DecoctionShengui Zhugan Decoction*Shengui Zhugan Decoction*

参苓白朮散参苓白朮散Ginseng, Poria and Bighead Atractylodes PGinseng, Poria and Bighead Atractylodes PowderowderShenling Baizhu Powder*Shenling Baizhu Powder*

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.2 3.2 以方中全部組成药物命名 以方中全部組成药物命名 (( 续续 ))

c) c) 按組成药物味數命名按組成药物味數命名四物汤四物汤

Four Agents DecoctionFour Agents Decoction六味汤六味汤

Six-Ingredient DecoctionSix-Ingredient Decoction d) d) 按組成药物味數与功效、作用結合命名按組成药物味數与功效、作用結合命名

四君子汤四君子汤Four Gentlemen DecoctionFour Gentlemen Decoction

四神丸四神丸Four Spirits PillFour Spirits Pill

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.3 3.3 以功效命名以功效命名

温脾汤温脾汤Spleen Warming DecoctionSpleen Warming Decoction

3.4 3.4 以方中有特殊作用的药物命名以方中有特殊作用的药物命名 十枣汤十枣汤

Ten Jujubes DecoctionTen Jujubes Decoction 3.5 3.5 以方中主药的別名命名以方中主药的別名命名

鸡苏散鸡苏散Mint PowderMint Powder

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.6 3.6 以方中主药物与功效或主治結合命名以方中主药物与功效或主治結合命名

人參养荣丸人參养荣丸 Ginseng Construction-Nourishing PillGinseng Construction-Nourishing Pill

疏风清热汤疏风清热汤 Wind-Coursing Heat-Clearing DecoctionWind-Coursing Heat-Clearing Decoction

荊防败毒散荊防败毒散 Schizonepeta and Ledebouriella Toxin-Vanquishing PowdSchizonepeta and Ledebouriella Toxin-Vanquishing Powderer

龙胆泻肝汤龙胆泻肝汤 Gentian Liver-Draining DecoctionGentian Liver-Draining Decoction

黃連解毒汤黃連解毒汤 Coptis Toxin-Resolving DecoctionCoptis Toxin-Resolving Decoction Antidotal Decoction of CoptisAntidotal Decoction of Coptis

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.7 3.7 特殊命名特殊命名

以服药時間命名以服药時間命名 鸡鸣散鸡鸣散

Rooster Crowing PowderRooster Crowing Powder Cockcrow Powder**Cockcrow Powder**

以比喻命名以比喻命名舟車丸舟車丸

喻行气逐水之效喻行气逐水之效 Boats and Carts PillBoats and Carts Pill

以典故命名以典故命名吳婆散吳婆散

「吳市吹簫」「寄食漂母」「吳市吹簫」「寄食漂母」 Wupo Powder*Wupo Powder*

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 3.7 3.7 特殊命名 特殊命名 (( 续续 ))

以方中药物采集特點命名以方中药物采集特點命名二至丸二至丸

Double Supreme PillDouble Supreme Pill 以方中药物入药部分命名以方中药物入药部分命名

三子养親汤三子养親汤Three Seeds Filial Devotion DecoctionThree Seeds Filial Devotion Decoction

以炮制法命名以炮制法命名十灰散十灰散

Ten Cinders PowderTen Cinders Powder

3 3 方剂命名与翻译方剂命名与翻译 方剂翻译原则方剂翻译原则

简洁原则简洁原则信息原则信息原则回译原则回译原则

4 4 方剂示例方剂示例 清咽利膈汤清咽利膈汤

Throat-Clearing Diaphragm-Disinhibiting DecoctionThroat-Clearing Diaphragm-Disinhibiting Decoction 清瘟败毒饮清瘟败毒饮

Scourge-Clearing Toxin-Vanquishing BeverageScourge-Clearing Toxin-Vanquishing Beverage Antipyretic and Antitoxic DecoctionAntipyretic and Antitoxic Decoction

犀角地黃汤犀角地黃汤 Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia DecoctionRhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction Fairy Decoction for Treating Cutaneous InfectionsFairy Decoction for Treating Cutaneous Infections

銀花解毒汤銀花解毒汤 Honeysuckle Decoction for Relieving ToxinHoneysuckle Decoction for Relieving Toxin

4 4 方剂示例方剂示例 清宮汤清宮汤

Palace-Clearing DecoctionPalace-Clearing Decoction仙方活命饮仙方活命饮

Immortal Formula Life-Giving BeverageImmortal Formula Life-Giving Beverage蒼耳子散蒼耳子散

Xanthium PowderXanthium Powder 通窍活血汤通窍活血汤

Orifice-Freeing Blood-Quickening DecoctionOrifice-Freeing Blood-Quickening Decoction桃红四物汤桃红四物汤

Peach Kernel and Carthamus Four Agents DecPeach Kernel and Carthamus Four Agents Decoctionoction

4 4 方剂示例方剂示例溫肺止流丹溫肺止流丹

Lung-Warming Nose-Drying ElixirLung-Warming Nose-Drying Elixir补中益气汤补中益气汤

Center-Supplementing Qi-Boosting DecoctionCenter-Supplementing Qi-Boosting DecoctionDecoction for Reinforcing Middle-Warmer and Decoction for Reinforcing Middle-Warmer and Replenishing QiReplenishing Qi

六味地黃汤六味地黃汤Six-Ingredient Rehmannia DecoctionSix-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction

金匱肾气丸金匱肾气丸Golden Coffer Kidney Qi PillGolden Coffer Kidney Qi Pill

Assignment 1Assignment 1把下列药方翻译成英語，把下列药方翻译成英語，並简述你的翻译原则：並简述你的翻译原则：

半夏瀉心汤半夏瀉心汤杞菊地黃丸杞菊地黃丸 七厘散七厘散三才汤三才汤 大承气汤大承气汤 白虎汤白虎汤烏雞白鳳丸烏雞白鳳丸 水陸二仙丹水陸二仙丹導赤散導赤散生化汤生化汤