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Exploring the OceansChapter 13

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CRCT Preparation


Chapter 13 CRCT Preparation

1. An astronaut viewed Earth from space. Which of the following did she observe?

A Earth has five main oceans that are distinctly different.

B Earth has equal amounts of ocean and land on its surface.

C Ocean water covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface.

D Three-fourths of the water on Earth is in the Earth’s oceans.



1. An astronaut viewed Earth from space. Which of the following did she observe?

A Earth has five main oceans that are distinctly different.

B Earth has equal amounts of ocean and land on its surface.

C Ocean water covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface.

D Three-fourths of the water on Earth is in the Earth’s oceans.



2. What is one benefit of raising fish in farms?

A Fish raised in farms taste better and have more essential nutrients.

B Raising fish in farms reduces the number of fish harvested from the ocean.

C Fish grown in farms are bigger than fish from the ocean.

D Fish farms help to reduce freshwater and ocean pollution.



2. What is one benefit of raising fish in farms?

A Fish raised in farms taste better and have more essential nutrients.

B Raising fish in farms reduces the number of fish harvested from the ocean.

C Fish grown in farms are bigger than fish from the ocean.

D Fish farms help to reduce freshwater and ocean pollution.


3. What change in water occurs in the atmosphere at the condensation stage of the water cycle?

A gas to liquid

B liquid to solid

C liquid to gas

D solid to liquid




3. What change in water occurs in the atmosphere at the condensation stage of the water cycle?

A gas to liquid

B liquid to solid

C liquid to gas

D solid to liquid



4. At which point in the diagram would hot magma most likely rise through the ocean floor to eventually form a volcanic island?

A Point A C Point C

B Point B D Point D



4. At which point in the diagram would hot magma most likely rise through the ocean floor to eventually form a volcanic island?

A Point A C Point C

B Point B D Point D



5. The ocean water off the coast of Maine, in the United States, is not as salty as the ocean water off the coast of Morocco, in Africa. Which of the following factors could be responsible for this difference in salinity?

A climate

B marine life

C ocean pollution

D deep ocean currents



5. The ocean water off the coast of Maine, in the United States, is not as salty as the ocean water off the coast of Morocco, in Africa. Which of the following factors could be responsible for this difference in salinity?

A climate

B marine life

C ocean pollution

D deep ocean currents


A Six elements make up 99.3% of ocean water.

B Chlorine only forms a compound with sodium in ocean water.

C Magnesium is found in trace amounts in ocean water.

D Sodium chloride is the most abundant dissolved solid in ocean water.


6. As part of a field investigation, Stephen analyzed a sample of ocean water. The table summarizes the relative amounts of dissolved salts found in the sample. Based on the table, which of the following is a valid conclusion?


A Six elements make up 99.3% of ocean water.

B Chlorine only forms a compound with sodium in ocean water.

C Magnesium is found in trace amounts in ocean water.

D Sodium chloride is the most abundant dissolved solid in ocean water.


6. As part of a field investigation, Stephen analyzed a sample of ocean water. The table summarizes the relative amounts of dissolved salts found in the sample. Based on the table, which of the following is a valid conclusion?


7. Coral reef organisms need to be adapted to which environmental conditions?

A strong waves and bright light

B consistent light and warm water

C low light and cold water

D hot water and no light




7. Coral reef organisms need to be adapted to which environmental conditions?

A strong waves and bright light

B consistent light and warm water

C low light and cold water

D hot water and no light



8. Why are mineral nodules that are found on the ocean floor considered a nonrenewable resource?

A They are difficult and costly to locate and mine.

B They are often composed of heavy metals.

C They form from dissolved elements that cannot be recycled.

D They cannot be created as quickly as they are mined.



8. Why are mineral nodules that are found on the ocean floor considered a nonrenewable resource?

A They are difficult and costly to locate and mine.

B They are often composed of heavy metals.

C They form from dissolved elements that cannot be recycled.

D They cannot be created as quickly as they are mined.


9. If a system of buoys recorded surface water temperatures along the Atlantic Coast of the United States, how would these temperatures vary between the coast of Massachusetts and the coast of Georgia? Explain how sunlight and the Earth’s tilt would affect ocean temperatures.




9. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following points:

• Surface water temperatures in general would be warmer in the summer and cooler in the winter.

• Surface water temperatures in general would be cooler at higher latitudes.

• Because of the Earth’s tilt, less direct sunlight hits areas at higher latitudes, so less thermal energy can warm surface waters.

• Because the Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the sun in summer, more thermal energy can warm surface waters in the summer than in the winter.


10. When Destiny and her friends go swimming in the early morning, both the beach sand and the ocean water feel cool. When they go swimming during the day, the sand feels hot and the ocean water feels cool. What causes these differences in temperature?




10. Answer - Full-credit answers should include the following points:

• The ocean absorbs and releases thermal energy more slowly than dry land does.

• During the day, when sand absorbs thermal energy from the sun, it heats up. Ocean water remains relatively cool, because it absorbs the sun’s thermal energy more slowly than the sand does.

• During the night, when sand releases thermal energy, it cools down. The ocean water retains its cool temperature, and does not become much colder, because it releases thermal energy more slowly than dry land does.

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