قطع ستيب ١ - manaraa.com · 7 Ramen is eaten noodles first. Then people eat the broth with a large, flat-bottomed spoon. Some people add pepper flakes or hot sauce to the

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Passage 21

Source: listverse.com/2007/12/05/top-15-unusual-deep-sea-creatures

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

The octopus is a strange yet awesome creature of the sea. There are about 50 kinds of them. They range from 3 inches (7 centimeters) to 10 feet (3 meters) long. The larger ones can weigh at 70 pounds (32 kilograms). Octopuses look and behave similarly. They all have 8 arms. Suckers run up and down each arm. The larger ones are quite strong. They can grab a full grown man and drag him down to the bottom of the sea.

The octopus is actually a predator in the sea, but not the one that hunts for people. It feeds on a variety of sea creatures, such as crabs. It generally drops down onto the seabed, trapping crabs. It hunts by shooting out a poison into the water to shock the crab and uses its beak to crack the shell of the crab and eat the meat. Apart from crabs, octopuses also eat other types of shellfish like abalone. Octopuses swim and walk on the very ends of their arms like they’re dancing. Their bodies move fluidly because they have no bones. They can hide on the rocks by changing their colors. When they are at risk, they shoot out a spray of purple ink and take off. And if they lose one of their arms, another one will grow back.

Questions

1. The larger octopuses can weigh up to……………….

a. 32 kilograms. b. 70 kilograms c. 10 pounds d. 50 pounds.

2. The pronoun “ they” in paragraph 2 refers to……………

a. arms b. suckers c. men d. octopuses

3. The word “abalone” probably means…………….

a. a kind of octopus b. a kind of fish c. alone d. crab

4. Paragraph 3 is mainly talking about the ……………………..of octopuses.

a food b. risk c. poison d. water


5. The passage gives information about--------------------

a. the best places to find octopuses. b. What octopuses look like. c. How many octopuses live in the ocean d. Why octopuses are strong creatures.

Passage 22

Source: revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Shaybah%20oil%20field


1. Shaybah Oil Field is a major crude oil production site in Saudi Arabia, located approximately 40

kilometres from the northern edge of the Rub' Al-Khali ("Empty Quarter") desert. It is about 10 kilometres south of the border to Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, which is a straight line drawn in the desert.

2. Shaybah was developed for the purposes of exploiting the Shaybah oilfield. It was established by Saudi

Aramco during the 1990s, and, prior to this, only the rough roads used by early exploration teams existed in this isolated desert region. All materials for the establishment and construction of Shaybah were transported the 800 kilometresfrom Dhahran to Shaybah by road.

3. Shaybah has housing facilities for 1,000 men, administrative offices, an airstrip, a fire station, recreation

areas, maintenance and support workshops, and power stations for generation and distribution. There is a 650-kilometer fibre optic cable linking Shaybah to the main radio system at Abqaiq.

4. When established, the Shaybah oilfield had estimated reserves of over 14 billion barrels of crude oil

and 25 trillion cubic feet of gas. Saudi Aramco brought the project on-stream in 1998. The crude is Arabian extra light, a high-quality crude grade. The oil reservoir is found at a depth of 1,494 meters and is itself 122 meters thick. The oil pipeline from the Shaybah field to Abqaiq is 638 miles (1,027 km) long.

5. As of January 2007, Saudi Arabia's proven reserves were estimated at 259.9 billion barrels, comprising

about 24% of the world total.They would last for 90 years at the current rate of production. 85% of Saudi oil fields found have not produced oil yet.

6. However the Ghawar oil field is the largest oil field in the world, holding over 70 billion barrels. Ghawar

is able to produce 5 million barrels per day of oil. Aramco announced 100 thousand barrels per day expansion and integration with neighboring petrochemical plants in RasTanura and Yanbu by 2010 to 2012.


Questions 1. What is the main idea of the 1st paragraph?

a. Importance of Shaybah Oil Field to Saudi Aramco b. Where Shaybah Oil Field is located c. Why Saudi Aramco discovered the Shaybah Oil Field d. The weather in the Shaybah Oil Field area.

2.The underlined pronoun it in paragraph 2 refers to…………… a. Shaybah b. Saudi Aramco. c. 1990 d. Shaybah oilfield

3.How far is it from Dhahran to Shaybah Oil Field?

a. 800 km. b. 1000 km c. 650 km d. 638 km

4. If we compare the reserves of oil in the oilfields of Shayba and Ghawar, we notice that…………………………

a. Shaybah oilfield has more reserves than Ghawar. b. Shaybah and Ghawar oil fields have little oil. c. Ghawar oilfield has more reserves of oil than Shayba d. Shaybah and Ghawar oil fields have the same reserves

5. According to paragraph 6, Saudi Arabia has about---------- of the world oil reserves.

a. Half b. Quarter c. One-fifth d. One- third

---------

Passage 23 –

Source: english00city.blogspot.com/2014/06/ramen-noodles.html

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Ramen noodles might be best known in the U.S. as a cheap staple for college students, but the history of the noodles-and-broth dish pre-dates the instant grocery store version. Countless variations of ramen noodles exist in Japan--many served in restaurants, where the wheat-flour noodles are made fresh and served with a variety of broths and toppings. The inexpensive meal in a bowl is the national dish of Japan. Each bowl of ramen---essentially a large, deep bowl of noodle soup---includes a hefty(large) portion of chewy noodles, broth made usually from soy sauce but sometimes with miso or pork stock, and toppings such as egg, fish cake, mushrooms, scallion, ginger, sprouts or other meat or vegetables.


Ramen is eaten noodles first. Then people eat the broth with a large, flat-bottomed spoon. Some people add pepper flakes or hot sauce to the bowl while eating. Most histories trace the origins of ramen noodles to China. The Japanese adopted the the Chinese word ," a version oframendish in the 19th century and started calling it "for the noodles. Ramen noodles were time-

consuming to make, expensive and something of a delicacy until the mid-20th century.

Because of its relatively cheap ingredients, ramen became a popular staple in post-WWII Japan. Eventually, it was voted the country's national dish. Ramenyas, or noodles houses, sprouted throughout Japanese cities, and the style of broth or type of toppings varied among region. Ramen is also sold from street carts, in chain restaurants and even vending machines.

In 1958, the owner of Japanese company Nissin Foods, Momofuku Ando, decided to produce instant noodles made by deep-frying ramen noodles. With the distinctive block of curly noodles and a flavor packet (shrimp, chicken, beef, etc.), instant ramen makes a salty but filling meal or snack. Noodles and a flavor packet are sold in cups or bowls, and are inexpensive when bought on sale or by the case. Nissin's Top Ramen often costs less than 20 cents a packet. Add boiling water to the noodles to soften them, stir in the flavor packet, let the whole thing sit for a minute or two, then eat. Instant ramen's popularity has grown beyond Japan and the U.S.; in southeast Asia and the Middle East, ramen comes in flavors like marsala, curry, cheese and tom yam. In the early 2000s, ramenyas, or traditional Japanese ramen restaurants, became popular in New York, Los Angeles, and European cities.

Questions

1. Until the mid-20th century, Ramen noodles were:

a. cheap for students b. not popular c. used by Japanese only d. expensive and take a long time to prepare

2. The underlined word “ ramen” is:

a. a Japanese word meaning broth b. a Chinese word meaning noodles c. an American word meaning cheese d. a European word meaning noodles houses

3. The Japanese company Nissin Foods made ramen noodles: a. easy to prepare b. more expensive c. difficult to prepare d. have only shrimp and chicken

4. Which of the following statements is false?

a. Ramen noodles origin is China. b. Ramen noodles are eaten with different toppings. c. Momofuku Ando was the owner of the Nissin Food company. d. Instant ramen's popularity has grown in many countries except the Middle East.


5. The best title for the passage could be:

a. Ramen Noodles: Development and Popularity b. Nissin Noodles Company c. How Noodles are Made d. How Noodles are Eaten

--------- Passage 24

A BSource: owlcation.com/social-sciences/what-is-your-personality-type-type-a-or-type-b

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Type A and Type B are two types of personalities .Some very prominent characteristics are seen in type A

people and that is the reason why they are so easily identified. If you see someone freaking out because they are made to wait, even if the wait is for just couple of minutes, you have most probably encountered a type A person! People having a type A personality, are always in a hurry and impatience seems to be their middle name! Time urgency is seen clearly in their personality. They speak fast, they walk fast and are constantly aware of the running time.

Another peculiar type A personality trait is that they cannot tolerate slow speaking people and they usually end up completing sentences for them! Other special characteristics of type A personality people are that they get upset over small things easily and are also short tempered. When they get really angry, they can be very rude! So it is better not to provoke these 'stress junkies'! They are rightly called 'stress junkies' for they get stressed out easily. They have high ambitions and they can overcome competition to achieve their goal. They also tend to compete with other people.

Type A people are said to have greater chances of suffering from hypertension and heart diseases. This is obviously because of their 'stress junkie' nature. So type A personalities need to calm down. Meditation and breathing exercises prove to be helpful for this personality type. This was about type A personality description. Now let's take a look at type B personality. There are some major differences between type A and B personality. The biggest difference is that type B personality people are always chilled out! They are mostly calm and composed, and in contrast to type A

personalities, type B people are never in a hurry! They are the ones who will start talking when they are standing in a line, and by the time their turn comes, they will have made friends. They will always be thinking about others' problems and always lend a helping hand. They are equally hardworking as type A personalities, but they do not mind losing. So you won't have competition from a type B in office! They also do not get stressed easily and if ever they become stressed they usually become more productive. This is one of the biggest differences between type A and B personality. Type A tends to get destructive while type B tend to get productive. Because of their happy-go-lucky nature, type B personalities do not face much of health problems. Speaking about sports, type A and type B personality in sports are quite different from each other as their unique qualities reflect in their game also. Type A are perfectionists so they always aim to win and can also be dominating. On the other hand, type B personalities are relaxed and they play for entertainment rather than for winning.


Questions

1.Paragraph 1 is talking about the characteristics of :

a. Personality A & Personality B b. Personality B only c. Personality A only d. Impatience and Time urgency

2. Type A personality people might suffer from :

a. high blood pressure b. cancer c. meditation d. breathing

3. The underlined word “ chilled out” most probably means:

a. angry b. calm c. stressed d. impatient

5-Your friend is a Personality B student. He studied hard for the TOEFL Test. However, he failed. What might be his reaction?

a. He might have a heart disease b. His blood pressure will go up c. He doesn’t mind d. He might get stressed

5. One major difference between Personality A and personality B is:

a. When personality A persons become stressed they produce more b. When personality B persons become stressed they become more productive c. Type A are hardworking, but Type B are not. d. Type A are relaxed ,but type B are not

---------

Passage 25

Source: history.com/topics/black-history/muhammad-ali

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow Muhammad Ali's biography tells important facts about Ali’s life and what he went through. One thing this story talks about is Muhammad Ali’s accomplishments in and out of the boxing ring and how they have earned him a place in history as an inspiring hero to look up to.


Muhammad Ali lived a great life both inspiring and exciting, but he had struggles too just like everyone else in the world. This story didn’t have many characters, but there were some and they all were a part of Muhammad Ali’s life

His real name was Cassius Marcellus Clay, and with that name he won a gold medal in the 1960 Olympics and then claimed his first title by defeating Sonny Liston in 1964 and then joined the nation of Islam and changed his name to Muhammad Ali. He was the all time heavyweight boxing fighter, champion, of the 1960’s and 1970’s. He refused to join the military during the Vietnam War, so he was sentenced five years in prison, but the Supreme Court reversed it in 1971. Ali suffered Parkinson’s disease during his retirement, and it was sad, but then he got inducted into the boxing hall of fame in 1990 which must have cheered him up.

Questions

1. The underlined word biography in the 1st paragraph probably means:

a. Life story b. boxing ring c. facts d. importance

2. Before he became a Moslem, Mohammad Ali was called:

a. Parkinson b. Marcellus c. Liston d. Cassius

3. Mohammad Ali became the world’s champion in heavyweight boxing in…….

a. the Olympics in 1960 b. 1964 c. 1971 d. 1990

4. One of the following events didn’t take place in 1960’s:

a. Mohammad Ali became a Moslem b. There was a war between America and Vietnam c. Mohammad Ali suffered from Parkinson disease d. The Olympics games were held

5. Mohammad Ali was sentenced to be put in prison because:

a. He defeated Liston in 1964 b. He refused to participate in the Vietnam War c. He became a Moslem d. He entered the boxing hall of fame

6. A good title for this passage can be:

a. Clay’s Life Story b. How Mohammad Ali became Moslem c. Boxing d. Olympics


--------- Passage 26

Source: history.com/topics/inventions/thomas-edison


1. In school, the young Edison's mind often wandered, and his teacher was overheard calling him "addled"(confused).This ended Edison's three months of official schooling. Edison recalled later, "My mother was the making of me. She was so true, so sure of me; and I felt I had something to live for, someone I must not disappoint." His mother taught him at home. Much of his education came from reading R.G. Parker's School of Natural Philosophy and The Cooper Union.

2. Edison developed hearing problems at an early age. The cause of his deafness has been attributed to a short time of scarlet fever during childhood and recurring untreated middle-ear infections. Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains, and sold vegetables to supplement his income. He also studied qualitative analysis, and conducted chemical experiments on the train until an accident prohibited further work of the kind. In 1866, at the age of 19, Edison moved to Louisville, Kentucky, where, as an employee of Western Union, he worked the Associated Press bureau news wire. Edison requested the night shift, which allowed him plenty of time to spend at his two favorite pastimes—reading and experimenting. Eventually, the latter pre-occupation cost him his job. One night in 1867, he was working with a lead–acid battery when he spilled sulfuric acid onto the floor. It ran between the floorboards and onto his boss's desk below. The next morning Edison was fired.

3. Thomas Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman.

He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. He was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention, and because of that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.

4. Edison was a prolific inventor, holding 1,093 US patents اختراع براءة in his name, as well as many patents in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. More significant than the number of Edison's patents, are the impacts of his inventions, because Edison not only invented things, his inventions established major new industries world-wide, notably, electric light and power utilities, sound recording and motion pictures. Edison's inventions contributed to mass communication and, in particular, telecommunications. These included a stock ticker, a mechanical vote recorder, a battery for an electric car, electrical power, recorded music and motion pictures.

5. Edison's major innovation was the first industrial research lab, which was built in Menlo Park. (today named Edison in his honor). After his demonstration of the telegraph, Edison was not sure that his original plan to sell it for $4,000 to $5,000 was right, so he asked Western Union to make a bid. He was surprised to hear them offer $10,000 ($208400 in today's dollars which he gratefully accepted. After many experiments, first with carbon filaments in the early 1880s and then with platinum and other metals, in the end Edison returned to a carbon filament (wire). The first successful test was on October 22, 1879; it lasted 13.5 hours. Edison continued to improve this design and by November 4, 1879, filed for U.S. patent 223,898 (granted on January 27, 1880) for an electric lamp using "a carbon filament or strip coiled and connected to platinum contact wires".


Questions

1. The main idea of paragraph 1 is----------------- a. How Edison left school and got educated at home. b. How his teachers described him as a confused boy. c. Why Edison left school. d. How he disappointed his mother.

2. The underlined word " Latter" in paragraph 2 refers to--------------

a. reading b. eventually c. pastimes d. experimenting

3. Edison ------------------------

a. Lived and died in the 18th century. b. Lived in the 18th century and died in the 19th century. c. Lived in the 19th century and died in the 20th century. d. Lived and died in the 19th century.

4. Paragraph 4 is mainly talking about…………………….

a. the number of inventions Edition had patent for. b. Edison's Inventions and how they established major new industries world-wide. c. how Edison invented electric light and power utilities, sound recording and motion pictures. d. how Edison's inventions contributed to mass communication

5. After his demonstration of the telegraph, Edison had an offer of---------

a. 4000$ b. 5000$ c. 10,000$ d. 1880 $

--------- Passage 27

Source: nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/surface-of-the-earth/mountains/

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow A mountain is a natural rise of the Earth's surface that usually has a "summit" (or "top"). It is usually steeper and taller than a hill. Mountains are often thought of as being a hill of over 600 meters (about 2,000 feet).Mountains are important to life on Earth, because most rivers begin in mountains and carry water from the mountains down to the sea. The highest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest in the Himalayas of Asia, whose summit is 8,848 m (29,029 ft) above mean sea level. The highest known mountain in the Solar System is Olympus Mons on the planet Mars at 21,171 m (69,459 ft).


Mountains cover one-fifth of the earth’s land surface, and occur in 75 % of the world’s countries. Mountains cover 64% of Asia, 25% of Europe, 22% of South America, 17% of Australia, and 3% of Africa. Most of the world's rivers are fed from mountain sources, and more than half of humanity depends on mountains for water.

Mountains are generally less preferable for human habitation than lowlands; the weather is often harsher, and there is little level ground suitable for agriculture. The decreasing atmospheric pressure means that less oxygen is available for breathing, and there is less protection against solar radiation (UV). Acute mountain sickness (caused by hypoxia—a lack of oxygen in the blood) affects over half of lowlanders who spend more

than a few hours above 3,500 meters (11,480 ft).

However, a valley is an area of extended lowland, typically surrounded by much higher hills or mountains. It is one of many geological features that make up the surface of the Earth, and it is of special interest and importance to humans, thanks to the fact that valleys have a number of uses. This landform is also quite abundant.

Some geologists break up valleys by type on the basis of how they are formed. A rift valley is formed through separation of the Earth's crust, caused by violent earth movements; a notable example is the Great Rift Valley in Africa. A glacial valley is on that has been formed by a glacier; they are especially common in Europe and have a distinctive U-shaped profile when viewed in cross-section. River valleys are formed through the slow process of erosion by water over the course of centuries, and they typically have a V-shaped profile.

Unlike a canyon, a valley is broad, with a large area of floor, rather than a narrow profile. Valleys are generally easy to navigate, and they tend to have a different climate than the surrounding area. It is also common for them to have rich deposits of alluvial mud, making these areas ideal for agriculture. As a result, many human civilizations have settled in valleys, taking advantage of the rivers which often wind through them as a source of water.

Questions

1. Paragraph 2 is mainly talking about:

a. Mount Everest b. Olympus Mons c. The highest mountains d. The solar system

2. How much do mountains cover of land surface?

a. 75% b. 20% c. 3% d. 64%

3. People don’t prefer to live in mountainous areas because ………..

a. Mountains are good for agriculture. b. There is a high percentage of oxygen c. There are mountain sicknesses like hypoxia d. There is more protection against Ultra Violet Ray

4. The underlined word hypoxia probably means:

a. Solar radiation b. Breathing


c. Lowlanders d. Little oxygen in blood

5. The writer talked about------------ types of valleys.

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

6. Which of the following statements is TRUE about valleys?

a. Valleys are good for agriculture b. Valleys aren’t generally easy to navigate c. Valleys had just a few civilizations d. Valleys have a narrow profile

Passage 28

Source: britannica.com/event/World-War-II

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow. World War II occurred during the years 1939 - 1945. It was a war that involved virtually every part of the world and cost the most deaths ever. The origin of the war can be traced back to 1933 when Adolf Hitler became the leader of Germany. He at once began secretly preparing the German army to be a military super power. Germany had suffered a humiliating defeat during World War I (1914 - 1918) and Hitler wished for revenge. His ambition was to cross German frontiers with the hop of restoring the once mighty German empire. In September 1939, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, Germany invaded Poland. Two days later Britain and France came to Poland's rescue and declared war against Germany. Then,Russia, an ally of Germany, attacked Poland from the other side of the Polish border. Within a month, Poland fell into the hands of the Germans and the Russians. The leaders of Italy and Japan also wanted to expand their empires. The leaders of the two countries signed a treaty with Hitler promising to help one another with their expansion plans. The group called themselves the Axis.

After the fall of Poland, Germany embarked on an attacking spree and defeated Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium and France. All these countries were conquered within a span of a few months. The threat of the vast combined German army, navy and air force, also enabled Hitler to occupy Austria and Czechoslovakia without any blood-bath. Adolf Hitler then became the supreme ruler of almost the whole of Central and Western Europe.


Still hungering for more conquests, Hitler turned his attention to Britain. Land invasion of the nation was impossible because of the English Channel. So the German air force tried to bomb Britain into submission but was defeated by the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain. In the meantime, some countries on the side of the British had joined hands to form the Allies. In June 1941, Hitler turned on Russia and this made the Russians join the Allies. In 1943, the Allied forces won a major victory over German troops in North Africa. The Russians too were able to force the Germans to retreat from Russia. Though weakened considerable, the German troops still continued in fighting. The eventual occupation of Germany by the Allied troops between March - April 1945 finally brought the fighting in Europe to a stop. Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Eight days later, the German troops surrendered.

But World war II was not over yet. The war had spread to South-Western Asia in 1941 when Japan attacked an American naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This caused the Americans to team up with the Allies in the war in the Pacific region. The bombings of the Japanese towns of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 by the Americans when tens of thousands of people were killed or wounded for life signaled the close of World War II. The Japanese signed the formal surrender on 2 September 1945.

Questions 1. How long did World War II last?

a) 5 years b) 6 years c) 7 years d) 3 years

2. The word frontiers in paragraph 2 probably means-----------------

a) Borders b) Revenge c) Ambition d) Empire

3. The Axis group included the following countries----------------

a) Germany, Italy and Poland b) Italy, Japan and Britain c) Britain, USA and Japan d) Germany, Italy and Japan

4. It was impossible for Germany to invade Britain by land because ---------

a) of the English Channel. b) Airstrikes were more effective c) Hitler doesn’t like land invasion d) Land invasion was costly

5. The main idea of the last paragraph is--------------------

a) How America defeated Japan after bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki. b) How America teamed up with the Allies in the war. c) How Japan defeated America in Hawaii. d) How the Allies helped America defeat Japan.


--------- Passage 29

Source: wonderopolis.org/wonder/belgian-fries

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow We all know that French fries aren't really French, so why do we call them as such? Do you know? In America, most forms of sliced potato which is then cooked by almost any method are called... a French fry.

Other parts of the world, most notably Europe, the term French fry is used only to describe the thinly sliced style of fries. The thicker cut fries (or as some may know them as steak fries) are typically called chips, which are pan fried in a skillet.

In French, 'frite' is used to denote the process of deep frying a food, but in America when we say 'fried' it can

mean anything from pan frying to sautéing or even full out deep frying. So by adding the word French before our fry it denotes what type of fried potato product we're actually talking about. Skinny and deep fried vs. fat

and pan fried.

French fries are served hot and generally eaten as an supplement with lunch or dinner, or eaten as a snack, and they are a common fixture of fast food. French fries are generally salted, and in their simplest and most common form, are served with ketchup, though in many countries they are topped instead with other things,

including vinegar, mayonnaise, or other local specialties. Sometimes fries are made with sweet potatoes instead of potatoes, are baked instead of fried, or are cut into unusual shapes, as is the case with curly fries, wavy fries or tornado fries.

Thomas Jefferson had "potatoes served in the French manner" at a White House dinner in 1802. The expression "French Fried Potatoes" first occurs in print in English in the 1856 work Cookery for Maids of All Work by E. Warren: "French Fried Potatoes. – Cut new potatoes in thin slices, put them in boiling fat, and a

little salt; fry both sides of a light golden brown color; drain." In the early 20th century, the term "French fried" was being used in the sense of "deep-fried", for other foods such as onion rings or chicken.

Questions 1. The main idea of paragraph two is:

a. French fry means differently from country to another ,especially America and Europe b. French fry comes from France c. French fry means sliced potatoes d. French fries and chips are the same in meaning

2. The French word frite in paragraph 4 most probably means:

a. potatoes b. fried potatoes c. food deep frying d. pan potatoes

3. Chips in Europe are:

a. thick cut fries b. thin sliced fries


c. are only potatoes d. French potatoes

4. The pronoun “they’ in paragraph 5 refers to:

a. Vinegar and mayonnaise b. other things c. French fries d. ketchup and chips

5. We can infer from the last paragraph that Thomas Jefferson was:

a. was a famous writer b. was the president of America c. lived in the 20th century d. a French president

--------- Passage 30

Source: muslimphilosophy.com/sina/art/ibn%20Sina-REP.htm

Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions

Ibn Sina was born in AH 370/AD 980 near Bukhara in Central Asia, where his father governed a village in one of the royal estates. At thirteen, Ibn Sina began a study of medicine that resulted in ‘distinguished physicians . . . reading the science of medicine under him’. His medical expertise brought him to the attention of the Sultan of Bukhara, Nuh ibn Mansur, whom he treated successfully; as a result he was given permission to use the sultan’s library and its rare manuscripts, allowing him to continue his research into modes of knowledge. When the sultan died, the heir to the throne, ‘Ali ibn Shams al-Dawla, asked Ibn Sina to continue al vizier, but the philosopher was negotiating to join the forces of another son of the late king, Ala al-Dawla, and so went into hiding.

During this time he composed his major philosophical research paper, Kitab al-shifa’ (Book of Healing), a comprehensive account of learning that ranges from logic and mathematics to metaphysics and the afterlife. While he was writing the section on logic, Ibn Sina was arrested and imprisoned, but he escaped to Isfahan, disguised as a Sufi, and joined Ala al-Dawla. While in the service of the latter, he completed al-Shifa’ and produced the Kitab al-najat (Book of Salvation), an abridgment of al-Shifa’. He also produced at least two major works on logic: one, al-Mantiq, translated as The Propositional Logic of Ibn Sina, was a commentary on Aristotle’s Prior Analytics and forms part of al-Shifa’; the other, al-Isharat wa-‘I-tanbihat (Remarks and Admonitions), seems to be written in the ‘indicative mode’, where the reader must participate by working out the steps leading from the stated premises to proposed conclusions.

He also produced a research paper on definitions and a summary of the theoretical sciences, together with a number of psychological, religious and other works; the latter include works on astronomy, medicine, philology and zoology, as well as poems and an allegorical work, Hayy ibn Yaqzan (The Living Son of the Vigilant). His biographer also mentions numerous short works on logic and metaphysics, and a book on ‘Fair Judgment’ that was lost when his prince’s fortunes suffered a turn. Ibn Sina’s philosophical and medical work and his political involvement continued until his death.


Questions

1. Physicians in Paragraph two most probably means--------------

a. doctors b. philosophers c. Sultans d. sons

2. The one that Ibn Sina treated was --------------------------

a. His father b. Ala Al-Dawla c. Ali Ibn Shams Al-Dawla d. Nuh ibn Mansour

3. The underlined pronoun its in paragraph 1 refers to-----------------

a. Ibn Sina b. Sultan of Bukhara c. Sultan’s library d. Manuscripts

4. We can infer from the passage that Ali Inn Shams Al-Dawla and Ala Al-Dawla were:

a. Brothers b. Cousins c. kings d. not relatives

5. One of these was not covered in the Ibn Sina book called “Book of Healing”:

a. Medicine b. Mathematics c. Religion d. Logic

6. The main idea of the passage is:

a. Ibn Sina was a great scientist of medicine, philosophy and religion b. The Sultan of Bukhara was successfully treated by Ibn Sina c. Ibn Sina was a Moslem, but not an Arab d. Ibn Sina was a philosopher


1-A 2-D 3-B 4-A 5-B

1-D 2-A 3-A 4-C 5-B

1-D 2-B 3- A 4-D 5- A

1-C 2-A 3-B 4-C 5- B

1-A 2-D 3-B 4- C 5-B 6-A

1-A 2-D 3-C 4-B 5-C

1-C 2-B 3- C 4- D 5- B 6-A

1-B 2- A 3- D 4-A 5-A

1-A 2-C 3- A 4-C 5-B

1-A 2-D 3-C 4-A 5-A 6-A

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قطع ستيب ١ - manaraa.com · 7 Ramen is eaten noodles first. Then people eat the broth with a large, flat-bottomed spoon. Some people add pepper flakes or hot sauce to the