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TANZANIA RESEARCH AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
(TRACDI)
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPEMNT
DIPLOMA IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPEMNT
RESEARCH REPORT ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF BIG RESULTS NOW IN
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN KIKUYU SECONDARY SCHOOL; A CASE OF
KIKUYU WARD IN DODOMA MUNICIPALITY
BY
EZEKIEL D EVARIST
SUPERVISOR NAME: MR. MWAMLANGALA
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE
REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TANZANIA RESEARCH AND CAREER
DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, DODOMA TANZANIA
SEPTEMBER, 2015
ABSTRACT
This study on the contribution of big result now in academic performance in Kikuyu secondary
school in Dodoma municipality, addressed specifically; The contribution of big result now in
academic performance in the study area, the ways to overcome challenges facing big result now
in academic performance in secondary school and the attitude of strategies in addressing big
result now in academic performance in secondary school in the study area. Due to the sample
size of 30 respondents was analyzed to gather information through the use of questionnaire,
interview and documentary review for primary data and secondary data specifically to indicate
the major themes of this study. The data were analyzed through the use of Statistical Package for
Social Science where by descriptive analysis allowed the use of frequency and percentage. The
findings revealed that the contribution of big result now in academic performance in secondary
school reported to have lack of equipment due to the capital searching and poor environment,
lack of quality education, lack of implementation and increase of poverty. The contribution of
big result now in academic performance in secondary school actually made high competition on
how to improvement sector of education in the community of Tanzania. Through support from
education matter has viable option to improve the big result now in academic performance in
Tanzania secondary school.
i
DECLARATION
I,……………………………………………………………………declare that this Research
report entitled “The contribution of big result now in academic performance in Kikuyu
secondary school at Dodoma Municipal” is my origin work which has not been submitted at any
university or high learning institution.
Author’s signature…………………………………………..........................................
Data………………………………………………………………….
ii
COPYRIGHT
No part of this Research report may be produced or transmitted in any form and by any means
without permission of the writer or TRACDI.
iii
RESEARCH SUPERVISOR CERTIFICATION
I……………………………………………………………………….. Certify that this research
report entitled “The contribution of big result now in academic performance in Kikuyu
secondary school at Dodoma Municipal” is an independent research report work carried out by
Ezekiel D. Evarist a student in Diploma Course under my supervision and Guidance.
Signature………………………………
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to recognize and to thank those who were most influential to me during the process
and completion of this research report
First and foremost, I would like to thank the Almighty God for always being and giving me
strength. Secondly, I express my deepest thank to Mr Mwamlangala (my supervisor), for his
encouragement, guidance and professional assistance through constructive critical comments he
has offered me throughout this study.
I would like to recognize the support, encouragement, love, prayer and everlasting love I have
been receiving from my parents Mrs Rehema Mudala.
It will not be fair if I would not mention my friends Wakuru Muhozi, Nathanael Mudala and
Nehemia Christopher for providing me with moral support, encouragement, and advice.
v
Finally my thanks and appreciations go to Mr Dickson Evarist for giving me support in terms of
finance and moral to accomplish this study.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................i
DECLARATION.......................................................................................................................ii
COPYRIGHT............................................................................................................................iii
RESEARCH SUPERVISOR CERTIFICATION..................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.........................................................................................................v
LIST OF TABLES.....................................................................................................................x
LIST OF FIGURES..................................................................................................................xi
ABBREVIATION....................................................................................................................xii
CHAPTER ONE........................................................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background Information........................................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of the Problem.......................................................................................................3
vi
1.3 Significant of the study..........................................................................................................4
1.4 Research Objectives...............................................................................................................5
1.4.1General Objective................................................................................................................5
1.4.2 Specific Objective...............................................................................................................5
1.5 Research Questions................................................................................................................5
1.6 Scope of the Study.................................................................................................................6
1.7 Conceptual Framework..........................................................................................................6
CHAPTER TWO.......................................................................................................................7
LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................................8
2.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................8
2.1 Definition of Key Terms........................................................................................................8
2.1.1 Results.................................................................................................................................8
2.1.2 Big Result Now...................................................................................................................8
2.1.3 Academic performance.......................................................................................................8
2.2 Theoretical Review................................................................................................................9
2.2.1 Psychological theory...........................................................................................................9
2.2.2 Cognitive developmental theory.........................................................................................9
2.2.3 Education theory.................................................................................................................9
2.3 Empirical Literature Reviews..............................................................................................10
2.3.1 The Contribution of Big Result Now In Worldwide.........................................................10
2.3.2 Achievements of Big Result Now In Africa.....................................................................11
2.3.3 The Strategies of Big Result Now In Tanzania.................................................................12
2.4 Knowledge Gap....................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................14
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................................14
vii
3.0 Introduction..........................................................................................................................14
3.1 The Study Area....................................................................................................................14
3.2 Research Design...................................................................................................................14
3.3 Data Type and Sources........................................................................................................15
3.3.1 Primary Data.....................................................................................................................15
3.3.2 Secondary Data.................................................................................................................15
3.4 Data Collection Method and Tools......................................................................................15
3.4.1 Questionnaires...................................................................................................................15
3.4.2 Interview...........................................................................................................................16
3.4.3 Observation.......................................................................................................................16
3.5 Sampling of Respondents.....................................................................................................16
3.5.1 Sampling Frame................................................................................................................16
3.5.2 Sampling Unit...................................................................................................................16
3:5:3 Sampling Size...................................................................................................................16
3:5.4 Sampling Procedures........................................................................................................18
3:6 Data Processing Analysis and Presentation.........................................................................18
3.6.1 Data Processing.................................................................................................................18
3.6.2 Data Analysis....................................................................................................................18
3.6.3 Data Presentation..............................................................................................................19
CHAPTER FOUR....................................................................................................................20
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION..............................................................................................20
4.0 Introduction..........................................................................................................................20
4.1 Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents...............................................................20
4.1.1 Distribution of Respondents by age..................................................................................20
4.1.2 Distribution of Respondents by Sex..................................................................................21
viii
4.1.3 Marital Status of Respondents..........................................................................................22
4.1.4 Education of Respondents.................................................................................................23
4.1.5 Occupation of Respondents..............................................................................................24
4.2.0 Contribution of big result now in academic performance.................................................24
4.2.1 Factors for the increase of vulnerable group.....................................................................25
4.2.2 Big results now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes in
sector of education.....................................................................................................................26
4.2.3 Big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce absentees......27
4.3.1 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school...............29
4.3.2 Challenges in big result now in academic performance in secondary school...................30
4.4 Strategies in addressing big result now in improving academic performance.....................31
4.4.1 Method taken to improve big result now in academic performance.................................31
4.4.2 Big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community.............33
CHAPTER FIVE......................................................................................................................35
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................35
5.1 Chapter Overview................................................................................................................35
5.2 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................35
5.2.1 Type of Big result now in academic performance in secondary school in Kikuyu Ward 35
5.2.2 Contribution of Big Result Now in Academic Performance in Secondary School..........36
5.2.3 Way to overcome challenges facing big result now in academic performance in
secondary school........................................................................................................................36
5.2.4 The attitude of strategies in addressing big result now in academic performance............36
5.2.1 Recommendations for Action...........................................................................................37
5.2.2 Recommendations for Further Research...........................................................................38
REFERENCE...........................................................................................................................40
ix
x
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Sample Size..................................................................................................................18
Table 4.1.1 Age of Respondents................................................................................................20
Table 4.1.2 Sex of Respondents.................................................................................................21
Table 4.1.3 Martial status of respondents..................................................................................22
Table 4.1.4 Education Level of the Respondents.......................................................................23
Table 4.1.5 Occupation of Respondents....................................................................................24
Table 4.6 Factors for the increase of vulnerable group..............................................................26
Table 4.7 Big results now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes in
sector of education.....................................................................................................................27
Table 4.8 Big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce absentees,
....................................................................................................................................................28
4.3.1 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school...............29
xi
Table 4.9 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school........30
Table 4.10 Challenges in big result now in academic performance in secondary school..........31
Table 4.11 Method taken to improve big result now in academic performance........................32
Table 4.12 Big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community....34
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2: The conceptual frame work............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
xii
ABBREVIATION
CDO: Community Development Officers
URT: United Republic of Tanzania
NGO: Non-Governmental Organization
BRN: Big Result Now
UK: United Kingdom
BRNAP: Big Result Now in Academic Performance
PSLE: Primary Secondary Leaving Examination
CSEE: certificate of Secondary Education Examination
xiii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Information.
Globally big result now is the major issues which is necessary in today world which developing
academic performance and influence the development such as Industries, Business Hospital, and
in Agriculture for example (2009) Malaysia government established a performance management
and deliver unity (PEMANDU) under the prime ministers department UK minister delivery unity
among the community which lead to development, (2001-2005) Michael Barber concluded
relation into the 2010 result. The Malaysia has been described above in the struggle to direct
research on knowledge sharing behavior in Tanzania, and expanding the probability of
identifying similarities and difference between developed countries (USA, China, and Russia)
and developing countries like (Tanzania, Nigeria, Kenya, and Rwanda) they suggest to revise the
theory of planned behavior. There only eight government in the world implementing these
transformational delivery approach and even fewer applied this across the whole of the
government rather than solely within specific sectors (PEMANDU) therefore bring tested and
proven of big result now in academic performance (BRN) methodology with the highly trained
team who have hands on experience of delivery in a non- high income context through
Malaysian government transformation programme. Government transformation programme at
least to the achievement of the system across all the seven national key result areas (NKRAS)
highlights of which include a 39.7% reduction in street crime (reducing crime NKRAS) largest
ever increment of new preschool classes built in 2010 double 2011, (Michael ,2010).
In Africa countries for example Kenya due to experience of big result now has improved in
English language, Marketing this help them to achieve good product which acceptable in Africa
that lead to development issues for example mattress, water, clothes, Tanzania experience due to
big result now have achieving in political issues, which help people to be aware to know their
right and agriculture which established by Jakaya M. Kikwete which known as Kilimo kwanza
all this are experience from Europe after establish big result now in the world. (Ruth, 2013).
Uganda experience through big result now is to transform the country from less income economy
to middle-income economy by eradicating the poverty to the community (2025). This
1
development model was started to be executed at commencement of financial. The intensive
execution of the big results now relying on agriculture, water, education, transportation, resource
mobilization the big fast results, it is Malaysian development strategy which is relying on
assuming of new working methods in specific timeframe for the effective and efficient the
strategy was established in 2009 so as to enhance the country to become high income economy
by (2020). (Bamberge, 20011)
Uganda experienced in industrialized country and leading Country in economic development
among other countries, so due to Malaysia. Lead Nigeria, Rwanda, and Tanzania to adopt it in
order to move their economy forward. For Tanzania, on implementation of the big results now,
every ministry is required to prepare budget under each five year’s development plan which
should align with these major government initiatives in order to realize vision (2025)
(Uhlenbruck, 2012)
In Tanzania experience from low to middle income the big result now in academic performance
development is outlook to be implemented beginning of 2013-2014 financial year. Compare the
government of Tanzania made the different initiatives in eradicating poverty and ensuring better
life for all BRN model. ensile system of implementation will be focus on six priority areas of
economic, Energy and natural gas, Agriculture, Water, Education, Transport and Mobilization of
resources Big result now BRN (Shirani, 2012).
Initiatives aims at adopting new methods of working under specific time frame for delivery of
the step change required in February Tanzania president Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete unveiled the big
results initiative which models the Malaysia development strategy and has been adopted by
Rwanda and Nigeria as well as Tanzania the announcement ensure smooth progress in achieving
the five years and vision 2015 (kothy, 2012)
The country of Kenya focuses on becoming a middle income economy by 2025, development
plan are not larger secret matters for the executives but the public will be involved to learn about
the development plan and share their views accordingly commenting on Kenya 2005 millennium
development goals Kenya said only 12 years remained and the government of Kenya is focused
2
on applying the big results now initiative to ensure there is clear implementation of various
Malaysia policy expertise in Kenya to coach 300 Kenya experts on the initiative and how Kenya
can transition to middle class economy using the six priority area articulated in the Tanzania
national development vision 2025 Malaysian now an industrialized country who has one of the
lead economic records in Asia had the same level of development as Kenya when it gained
independency and is expected to become a development model of Kenya considering the many
similarities between the two national economic such as mining and agriculture being the initial
driving forces for growth. (Timothy 235:2013)
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The situation of big result now in academic performance has many faces despite the real progress
since 2000 towards universal secondary in academic performance 72 million students are still not
enrolled at all in school. This is due to the poverty and marginalizes are major causes of
exclusion and also house hold in rural or remote communities and students in urban slums have
less access in academic performance. Disable children suffer from the blatant educational
exclusion they account for one third of all out of school students.
Working students those belonging to indigenous group and linguistic minorities, nomadic
students and those who have been affected with HIV/AIDs are among the vulnerable groups.
Some 37% of out of school students live in 35 states defined as fragile by the organization for
economic cooperation and development but these do not include all countries facing with
conflict and post conflict situation.
In every case students are at enormous risk of missing out on academic performance. Effort to
expand enrollment must be accompanied by policy to enhance quality of big result now at all
levels in formal and non formal setting. We have to work on an “access to success” continuum
by promoting policies to insure that exclude student get into school coupled with programs and
practice that insure they succeed there. It is process that involves addressing and responding to
the diverse needs of learners. This has implication for teaching the curriculum, ways of
interacting and relation between the secondary schools and the community.
3
Big result now is very important to the community with disabilities in number of ways, one
being that it helps build self- esteem in helps them curb stigma as well. This help in improving
their understanding capacity students with disabilities can improve and able to do other things
students who have no disabilities to do. Despite the fact that the presence of effort don by the
government and NGO’s to include the students with disabilities and non-disabilities in secondary
school in Tanzania like providing material such as library, laboratories, wheel car, and transport
building special for secondary school for disable students giving basic need like food, shelter and
clothes. Also UNCEF which concerning in provision of secondary education in order to insure
every students with abilities in performing education in secondary school fail because on non-
disabilities and lead to great problem in accessing big result now the country have worse
situation compared to developed country where by eighty percentages disabilities live in
developing country.
1.3 Significant of the Study
The study was to encourage necessary planners and policy makers to plan and
identify the contribution of big result now in academic performance to the society
of Tanzania.
The study was enable the community to utilize the achievement findings through
recognizing the contribution of big result now in academic performance
nevertheless they will engage in improve education due to big result now in
academic performance to the secondary school.
The study was enable the government to maintain necessary experts to the
education through big result now in academic performance to the secondary
school the researcher will be able to identify better education in big result now in
academic performance at secondary school in academic performance.
The researcher was discover the strength of big result now in academic
performance at kikuyu secondary school; the researcher will influence
respondents to improve the education by using modernization equipment so as to
maintain the big result now in the academic performance.
4
1.4 Research Objectives
1.4.1General Objective
To access the contribution of big result now in academic performance
1.4.2 Specific Objective.
To identify the contribution of big result now in academic performance
To address ways to overcome challenges which facing big results now in academic
performance
To identify the strategies in addressing big result now in improving academic
performance
1.5 Research Questions.
What is the contribution of big result now in academic performance?
Variable
Awareness
Health service
Agriculture
What are the ways to overcome challenges facing big result now in the academic performance?
Variable
Shortage of equipment
Poor environment
Negative perception in the community
What is the attitude of strategies in addressing big result now in improving academic
performance?
Variable
Community
Government
5
Institution
1.6 Scope of the Study.
The study was conducted at kikuyu secondary school in kikuyu ward found in Dodoma region to
identify the contribution of big result now in academic performance in improving the
performance of students in secondary school the research will be conducted in kikuyu ward in
Dodoma municipality in Dodoma region. But the research was conducted in one selected at
secondary school known as kikuyu secondary school.
1.7 Conceptual Framework
Conceptual framework is the system of concepts, assumptions, expectation, beliefs, and theories
that supports and informs your research is a key part of your design. Also is defined as a visual
or written product, one that explains, either graphically or in narrative form, the main things to
be studied the key factors, concepts, or variables and the presumed relationships among them
(Kothari, 2011)
This conceptual framework is highlights the inter relationship between two variables that are big
result now in academic performance. It shows on how these variables affect each other and how
the intervening variables affect both independent and dependent variables where by independent
variable include provision of education, empowerment, and government support. While
dependent variable includes awareness, availability of quality classes, and education
transformation, on the other hand, intermediate variables can affect negatively or positively to
the variables. Where by intermediate variables includes implementation, provision of secondary
school, and reduction of poverty,
The following are the conceptual framework diagram which shows the relationship between
dependent and independent variables which are big result now in (independent) affecting
academic performance (dependent variables) and how the intervening variables affect both
independent variables and dependent variables and this can affect positively or negatively as
shown below.
6
Fig 1: Conceptual frame work
IIII
Source: Survey (2006)
Independence Variable
implementation Provision of
quality education Reduction of
povert
Intermediate VariableDependence Variable
Awareness To improve
education Availability of
dependence
Disability policy Government support Empowerment
Increase big result now in academic performance
7
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
Education is intellectual and spiritual process it has to do with opening the windows of the
human mind and the human soul, it involve the effort to understand to comprehend to be
sensitive’s to idea, aspirations and interest to which the individual might otherwise be
indifferent, (Steven,2000).
2.1 Definition of Key Terms
2.1.1 Results
Things that is caused or produced by something else, as consequence or outcome, the tower
collapsed as a result of safety violations (Bradshow 2008).
2.1.2 Big Result Now
This is the program adopted from Malaysian by the current president of Tanzania honorable,
President Jakaya M. Kikwete 2015 for result will support governments big result now in
education program the government of Tanzania signed an education reform compact (ERC) with
8% development partners and launched a transformation initiative called big result now in
academic performance (BRNAP) in January 2013. The implementation of the big result now in
academic performance initiative is expected to fast track the improvement in quality of basic
education service delivery which in turn is expected produce tangible improvement in learning
outcomes of students the program for results (PFOR) support is aligned to the entire programs of
expenditures with the exclusive of construction activities. Program For 2014-2018for all
Tanzania mainland this program is a part of the overall basic education program (URT, 2014).
2.1.3 Academic performance
Academic performance or academic performance is the outcome of education to the extent to
which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their educational goals. (Richard, 2014)
8
2.2 Theoretical Review
2.2.1 Psychological theory
This theory is most often applied in the secondary school and in the Community and can be
practices through one or two different perspective, for example association and a combination
approach is also possible in Institution to develop through seminars and meeting help advisor to
advising institution, hospital, and community that will be holds that the academic performance in
big results now in the Government of Tanzania tells the students what to do and the student
doled it. The advising is linear communication from the advisor to the students and teachers to
issuer responsibility not on the students only but also the teachers should provide serious
knowledge and skill. The advisor is required to have the answers from the students and other
workers in the office, (Allyson, 2003).
2.2.2 Cognitive developmental theory
Through Government advising lead to development process that assists the community, and
other institution to achieve big results now in academic performance in secondary school by
clarification of their life or career and goals. For example, Awareness, Health service, and
Agriculture in the development from education plans for the realization of those goals, it is a
decision-making process which assists students in realizing their maximum education potential
through communication and information exchanges with an advisor; it is going, multi-faceted,
and the responsibility of all students and stakeholders. The cognitive serves as a facilitator of
communication, a coordinator of learning experiences through course and career planning and
program progress review, and an agent of referral to other campus serves as necessary, (Crockett,
1995).
2.2.3 Education theory
Through the Government action influence the education theory to help big result now in
academic performance at secondary Scholl for example quality of education to a large extent for
example passing examination from division iv to I and II up to division III help many activities
to develop like in the industries, office, and in the business activities, but these is due to the
theory of education, and Government understand the contribution of education theory to the
students to be aware to know the advantages of big results now in academic performance. The
institution queries on how community demand for complex knowledge and skills and analyzing
9
that education is the key of life so passing through that students and teachers recognize the
prosperity of maintain big results now. These education theory related to the studies on how
community will be able to achieve from education as element of contain knowledge, skill and
experience that indicate development through implementing projects so education theory explain
that education is part of learning resources to improve big result now in academic performance
so as to achieve sustainable development in the community. (Bereiter 2012)
2.3 Empirical Literature Reviews
2.3.1 The Contribution of Big Result Now In Worldwide.
The worldwide big result now in academic performance at secondary school contribute on
improving education of high quality to the government, community, and society through
strategic agent of development for the world. With this perspective, significant effort has to
increase access for all, resulting in huge enrollment expansion over the last -10 years. Over the
same period of time quality of education should not dropped significantly. Due to address this
challenge and reverse the trend, the education lab has focused on finding ways to raise the
quality of basic education, and has set a very ambitious target to improve pass results in primary
and secondary schools to 60% in 2013, 70% in 2014 and 80% in 2015. (Koech, 2006)
The governments of China recognize the central role of big result now in achieving the overall to
development goals of improving the quality of life for her citizens. In China implementing these
transformational delivery approach and even fewer applied this across the whole of the
government rather than solely within specific sectors (PEMANDU) therefore bring tested and
proven big first result now in academic performance (BRN) methodology with the highly trained
team who have hands on experience of delivery in a non- high income context through
Malaysian government transformation programme. Government transformation programme at
least to the achievement of the system across all the seven national key result areas (NKRAS)
highlights of which include a 39.7% reduction in street crime (reducing crime NKRAS) largest
ever increment of new preschool classes built in 2010 double 2011. (Michael, 2010)
In Africa experience the education system has experienced on production for example in
agriculture, business also awareness in their rights for example political matter lead to views
noted as the fundamental of human right which lead to the sustainable development this
explained by (Wolfenson, 2000) so through big result now is demonstrate many country in
10
Africa to find teachers who have experience in teaching for the purpose of maintaining better life
for example good housing, cars, balance diet, and other good services for example in the office it
can be organization or non-organization and institution. According to (Yara and Otieno) the
availability of and adequacy of teaching and learning resources promote the effectiveness of
school if this basic things can be trigger in good academic performance in the students. (Maicibi,
2003)
In Tanzania contributes much on schools every year with monetary and non monetary incentives
and recognize top 200 performers, starting with 2013 results. Monetary incentives expects to be
between TShs.1, 000,000/= and 5,000,000/= for primary schools and TShs.2, 000,000/= and
10,000,000/= for secondary schools improvement toolkit it distribute school improvement
toolkit and train 19,000 school heads. This kit aims at supporting school heads to execute their
work effectively. (miller, 1995)
2.3.2 Achievements of Big Result Now In Africa.
The achievements in Nigeria, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania achieving to raise Africa
examination pass rate from 31 percent for in secondary schools, pass rates to rise from 43
percent in 2012 to 60 percent in 2013. In addition, pass rates should also rise to 70 percent in
2014 and 80 percent in 2015.The strategies which should improving quality of education to be
awareness in agriculture, hospital and all community of Africa, official school ranking rank 100
percent of all schools in the annual official school ranking, starting with 2012 Primary School
Leaving examination (PSLE) and Certificate of secondary education examination (CSEE)
results, school incentive scheme. (URT, 2014).
The most of improvement at schools every year with monetary and non monetary incentives and
recognize top 200 performers, starting with 2013 results. Monetary incentives expects to be
between TShs.1, 000,000/= and 5,000,000/= for primary schools and TShs.2, 000,000/= and
10,000,000/= for secondary schools improvement toolkit it distribute school improvement
toolkit and train 19,000 school heads. This kit aims at supporting school heads to execute their
work effectively. (miller, 1995)
The big results now in Africa countries become high quality from Malaysia lead to the
development achievement which is relying on assuming of new working methods in specific is
timeframe for the effective and efficient delivering of required national development vision and
11
mission. Moreover, it is because of successful implantation lead Nigeria, Rwanda, and Tanzania
to adopt it in order to move their economy forward. For Tanzania, on implementation of the big
results now, every ministry is required to prepare budget under each five year’s development
plan which should align with these major government initiatives in order to realize vision (2025).
(Uhlenbruck, 2012)
2.3.3 The Strategies of Big Result Now In Tanzania.
Through the worldwide for example, German, Malaysia, U.S.A big result now in academic
performance at secondary school contribute on improving education of high quality to the
government, community, and society through strategic agent of development for the worldwide.
With this perspective, significant effort has to increase access for all, resulting in huge
enrollment expansion over the last -10 years. Over the same period of time quality of education
should not dropped significantly. Due to address this challenge and reverse the trend, the
education lab has focused on finding ways to raise the quality of basic education, and has set a
very ambitious target to improve pass results in primary and secondary schools to 60% in 2013,
70% in 2014 and 80% in 2015. (Koech, 2006)
But also in Nigeria raise in examination pass rate from 31 percent for in secondary schools, pass
rates to rise from 43 percent in 2012 to 60 percent in 2013. In addition, pass rates should also rise
to 70 percent in 2014 and 80 percent in 2015.The strategies should improving quality of
education to be awareness in agriculture, hospital and all community of Kenya, official school
ranking rank 100 percent of all schools in the annual official school ranking, starting with 2012
Primary School Leaving examination (PSLE) and Certificate of secondary education
examination (CSEE) results, school incentive scheme. Moreover, it is because of successful
implantation of model in Malaysia, led Nigeria, Rwanda and Tanzania to adopt it in order to
move their economy forward. (URT, 2014).
In Tanzania strategies of big results now from International education research foundation was to
adopt Malaysia development model. The government intention is to transform the country from
less income economy to middle-income economy by 2025 through big result now in academic
performance. The community development model was started from Agriculture activities for
12
example in Mbeya region people to get good product improvement of big results now at
secondary school, institutions, hospital and agriculture activities to be executed at
commencement of financial.
The intensive execution of the big now results relying on agriculture, water, education,
transportation, resource mobilization, natural gas and energy 2013. The strategy was established
in 2009 so as to enhance the country to become high income economy by 2020, (Otieno,2010)
2.4 Knowledge Gap.
Despite the fact that the impacts of big result now in academic performance is the main
contribution or to ensuring students with disabilities are getting secondary education and
ratifying different non- government and government (NGOs) still have problem of increasing
students with disabilities in secondary school. In Africa countries less than 5% of disabled
students are enrolled in school. In Tanzania found that 45.2% of students with disabilities with
school age are not in school while in Dodoma about 35% are not attending at secondary school
education compared with 13% non with disabled students who are not attending to secondary
school. This indicates that in secondary school education is still stigma.
Although researchers and theorist’s have tried much to explain about the impact of big result
now in academic performance in secondary school still there is question in the society. Since
students demand big result now is not operating effectively and efficiently for more achievement
of it. As it has been explained in this chapter the situation indicated that there is need to
understand, what are the contributions of Government to big result now in academic
performance, with regard to the theories of cognitive development which explain the process by
which students acquire all the verbal and physical skills they need to function in world. This it
encourages all students without any discrimination in getting big result now.
13
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
This part show and describe what the research work it was conducted, this section indicates main
method and techniques to use in the research work for the purpose of conducting well and
achieving the objective goals. Through this section can consisting the study areas, research
design, sampling of respondent data types and source data collection methods and tools detailed
field work data processing analysis and presentation, research budget and source of fund.
3.1 The Study Area.
. The advantages of sampling are evident feasibility of the research, lower costs, economy of
time, and better organization of the work. (William, 2009). Dodoma is located between 6 10’ 23”
to 617306 and 35.74194 E in the center of the country. But the research was conducted in one
selected secondary school known as Kikuyu secondary school. Due to the increase of people
who educated in Tanzania record 71% in 2012 Because is among of the school which has enough
teachers and learning resources for example libraries, laboratories, teacher’s classroom and high
performance in academic matter. I selected this location because of despite of presence of
secondary school education but big result now in academic performance still have problem at
these areas. (DPEP, 2010)
3.2 Research Design
Research design, is the systematic place to study a scientific problem, through this study it was
conducted by using survey research design for the purposely to collect data nevertheless due to
this study all findings was presented in general form. or research design, refers to an arrangement
of conditions for data collection and analysis in a proper way that aims to combine relevance of
the research purpose with economy in producer. (Robson, 1993)
A good research design is always being process the qualities such as being flexible, suitable,
efficient and economical and other economic issues. All in all research design which minimizes
bias and maximizes the realities of the data collected and analyses is considered a good design.
14
Through the study is to be designed under descriptive research which was use to provide for
further insight into the research problem by describing the variables of interest. By descriptive
design was used for defining, estimating, profiling, segmentation, predicting and describing
associative relationship.
The research design was used due to show where, what, when, and how the study showed and
identified the role of government to explain the impacts of big results now in term of improving
the academic performance to secondary school also the design should be allowed to use
techniques like survey and questionnaires.
3.3 Data Type and Sources.
The two types of data was collected to meet the general and specific objectives of the study. The
study was use both primary data and secondary data of qualitative and quantitative
3.3.1 Primary Data
This data was conducted well by selecting original nature through data sources was obtained
from the household who was selected the help of questionnaires, observation, interview, and face
to face through members of the ward and education coordinator for the purpose of finding collect
data. (Hox, 2001)
3.3.2 Secondary Data.
The main sources of secondary data was obtained from the published books, research report,
journals and unpublished books this data it was conducted for the purpose of other than the
research at hand this is another method which was used to collect data by using different sources
of information such as newspaper, and internet. Because researcher need to find ways to solve
the problems which hinder the community due to maintain development. (Jud, 2007)
3.4 Data Collection Method and Tools.
3.4.1 Questionnaires.
Questionnaires, Is the research instrument consisting of a serious of question and other prompts
for the purpose of gathering information from respondents to the questionnaire it was used to
conduct information fro
15
16
m household it is to help the researcher to be specific with questionnaire (Timothy, 2005)
3.4.2 Interview.
Interview, Is the method gives the researcher the freedom to problem the interviewee to elaborate
or to follow a new line of inquiry introduced by what interviewee it was depending on students
17
teacher and stakeholders because the interview increase the confidence of replying the question
for example face to face. (Allyson, 2003)
3.4.3 Observation.
Observation, Is the major type of observation which includes participation and non participatory
observation is direct to the observation in the situation. Also non participatory observation in not
directed observed in the situation in the study observation was used to observe the situation of
illiteracy and the community by explaining the major impacts of a big results now in improving
the academic performance to the secondary school.(Kothari, 2011)
3.5 Sampling of Respondents.
Sampling, Is the use of population to represent the whole population probability. Random
sampling was used to get the respondents from the village households who have different level
of education status and purposive sampling was applied to get official data. (Jon Witt,2007)
3.5.1 Sampling Frame.
Sampling frame, Is the source material or device from which a sample is drown. It is a list of all
those within a population that can be sampled due to the study sample frame it was for the
getting different information in my research data to the students and teacher at kikuyu secondary.
(Raymond, 2008)
3.5.2 Sampling Unit.
Sampling unit, Is the study was use the people that benefit of contribution in a big result now in
academic performance for the purpose of finding the information to the students, stakeholders,
teachers, also in the community or society (Margret, 2010).
3:5:3 Sampling Size.
The sample size corrupted by the formula developed by yamane (1967) is an appropriated
formula because it computes the sample size from population therefore provides randomrazation,
Sampling is the selection of a given number of units of analysis (people, households, firms, etc.),
called cases, from a population of interest. Generally, the sampling (n) is chosen in order to
reproduce, on a small scale, some characteristics of the whole population (N) Sampling is a key
issue in social research designs The sample size it was constitute of 25 respondents where by 3
was teachers and 15 was students and 7 was stakeholders. The sampling was used two types
18
which are probability and non-probability sampling because thus sample can help to get
information because everybody can participate in my study.
Formula
n = N
─────────
1+N (e)2
Where by
n- Sampling size
N- Population size of the study area
e- Desired precisions rate this study employs 95% confidence level when N is
n = 617306
─────
1+617306(0.05)2
n = 617306
─────
617307×0.0025
n = 617306
__________
1543.2675
n= 25
19
Table 1: Sample Size
Categories Frequency
Teachers 3
Students 15
Stakeholders 7
Total 25
3:5.4 Sampling Procedures
Sampling procedure, Is the simple to random sampling and non – probability sampling that is
purposive sampling techniques was used. Probability sampling techniques was used to select
students, stakeholders, and teachers for the study while non – probability was used to select key
informants such as ward Executive Officer (WEO) and education in order to reach conclusion,
(Kothari, 2008). 35 Sample size and sampling procedure
3:6 Data Processing Analysis and Presentation
3.6.1 Data Processing
It was collected and processed manure and using scientific calculator for the purpose of make
clearly set of processing and analysis data because data providing real information that
demonstrate specific information due to research problem within the community so that to find
out ways to create strategies.
3.6.2 Data Analysis
The data it was summarized by using descriptive statistical processing and analysis by using
(SPSS) in which descriptive process and analysis that it was used to accomplish data, analysis
based on frequencies and present age approaches was adopted to analyze the data and
information gathered through verbal discussion with respondents analyzed by text.
20
3.6.3 Data Presentation.
Data presentation this it was presented in form of ward, percentages, table figure and frequency
to provide clear picture and easily for interpretation. So that people was able to understand which
measure should be taken to overcome and strategies that should be applied in the community.
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.0 Introduction
This chapter presents the results and discussion of the findings from study area in relation to
observation which was concern demographic characteristics of the respondents which include
sex, marital status, age, education level and occupations. The researcher point of view comment
21
and give connection with the research findings. The analysis of the findings was based on three
objectives; to examine the contribution of big result now in academic performance in study area,
to identify the strategies and ways to address contribution of big result now in academic
performance to analyze the challenges of big result now in academic performance in study area
4.1 Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents
4.1.1 Distribution of Respondents by age
The finding indicated that 34% of the Respondents with age of 18-25 were more to the
respondents with including the age of 35-45. In the study this implied that the people with the
age 18-25 years were the major group in the study area. More over the age of 45-and above were
another group of the people who commented on the child labor. Therefore having this age group
implied that many people of this age have the responsibilities and awareness on the big result
now in academic performance in secondary school. The study concluded that high percentage of
respondent were aged between 18-25 and 25-35 years this is due to the fact that in the study area
who engaged in education matter were youth to participate to give information during data
collection rather than 45 and above.
Table 4.1.1 Age of Respondents
Category Response Percentages (%)
18-25 10 34
25-35 5 30
35-45 3 23
45 and above 2 13
Total 25 100
Source: Field Survey, 2015
22
Figure 4.1.1 Ages of Respondents
4.1.2 Distribution of Respondents by Sex
Findings indicate that females were 53% and the finding implies that females were more than
males in number. The implication of the study area show that female they aware on the
contribution of big result now in academic performance than male this is because of high
frequency which lead them to engage in different activities especially domestic activities which
help them to be closely with students who are the one being fail in secondary school. Also the
findings indicate that female are the one who involve highly for giving information about big
result now in academic performance in secondary school rather than male in the study area.
However we were not participated effectively because they were in the classroom during data
collection, they were on weekly test. The study concluded that the majority of the respondents
who were involved much in responding the contribution of big results now in academic
performance in secondary school were females, this is due to the low responses on education
matter in the study area.
Table 4.1.2 Sex of Respondents
Category Response Percentages (%)
Male 10 47
Female 15 53
Total 25 100
Source: Field Survey, 2015
4.1.3 Marital Status of Respondents
The findings indicated that 70% to the respondents were students and about others was
Stakeholder and also including Teachers. Therefore these findings implied that education level
were teachers in the secondary school and also having a little percent for teachers this due to the
fact that most of the teachers they don’t care about big result now in academic performance in
secondary school due to the community development. Therefore employed which indicates high
percentage in the table were not employed because they were serious to participate for giving
information about big result now in academic performance in secondary school. Also70% were
female the study indicate that marital status were balanced which helped to avoid bias during
data collection or information about big result now in academic performance in secondary
23
school. The employed in marital status shows that the contribution is lower than those who are
stakeholders this is because the stakeholders were few in the study area. The study concluded
that the majority of the respondents were single in the study area this is due to the fact that they
were willing to provide information concerning to the contribution of big result now in academic
performance in secondary school.
Table 4.1.3 Martial status of respondents
Single Married Widow Widower Divorce 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.1.3 Marital Statuses of Respondents Source:
4.1.4 Education of Respondents
The findings revealed that 46% reported that they been attends at secondary education so due to
that, the findings implies that the majority of the people with the 46% attended at secondary
education but in primary education was not present because this was the basic education to the
majority of Tanzanians. Moreover most of students who have been attended at secondary
education was supported by the government effort and private sector on supporting education
system as nowadays there is big result in academic performance in secondary education and
other stakeholder due to the effort of creating better environment that motivate big result now in
academic performance in secondary education. (Bereiter 2012), Said that education theory
related to the studies on how community will be able to achieve from education as element of
24
contain knowledge, skill and experience that indicate development through implementing
projects so education theory explain that education is part of learning resources to improve big
result now in academic performance so as to achieve sustainable development in the community
This indicated that high respondent were college this is due to fact that the education is very
crucial for each citizen in order to get more knowledge and skill to evaluate things as the way to
building the capacity of students to be components, so big result now in academic performance
in secondary school influence people to engage in entrepreneurship which lead to the high
development through industries.
Table 4.1.4 Education Level of the Respondents
1 2 3 4 505
101520253035404550
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.1.4 Educations of Respondents
4.1.5 Occupation of Respondents
These findings from the field study as shown in table 4 below revealed that 60% of respondents
were the business. These findings implied that the majority of the people are business activities
as farmers, and doctors, furthermore other people were like civil servants as doctors and other
people were the students. This shows that high percentages were business because of the familiar
to participate effectively and give information during data collection. Wangstan, (2000) states
that occupation is a job or professional to provide big result now in academic performance in
secondary school and assistance that is method in which you spend your resources to achieve a
25
certain goals in effective and efficiency. The study concluded those majorities who have
engaging in big result now in academic performance in secondary school work as business.
Table 4.1.5 Occupation of Respondents
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Government employee Privates employee Self employment Business 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Figure 4.1.5 occupation of Respondents
4.2.0 Contribution of big result now in academic performance
The findings on the table 4.7 indicate that 33% of the respondents said that big result now in
academic performance in secondary school cause high development in the community and other
respondents said that contribution of big result caused by the strategies which reduce poor
performance of activities in the different project so through that big result now reduce poverty
and ignorant among the people within the community of Tanzania not only that even conflict
within the family, land conflict and reduce corruption which hinder the community of Tanzania.
The findings implied that big result now lead to highly extent of development during the study
area, this indicate in section of reducing family conflict and land conflict, poverty, corruption,
and poor performance of activities among the project within the community of Tanzania. Big
result now in academic performance in developed countries like Malaysian countries is among of
the country which caused development among the countries which around Malaysian so due to
that other countries achieved more like Nigeria, Kenya, and Tanzania this is because of
considering contribution of big result now in academic performance in secondary school.
26
(Michael 2009) Said that big result now in academic performance bring high development in a
certain country like U.S.A and help to reduce illiteracy rate in the community. Also (URT, 2008)
reported that big result now in academic performance contribute large development in many
sector within the community like improvement of politics, industries, and market.
4.2.1 Factors for the increase of vulnerable group
Finding shows that 40% of the students who are responses there is contribution of big result now
in case of achieving big result now in academic performance in secondary school. This implied
that majority of the students fail to maintain big result due to vulnerable situation which hinder
them in secondary school contribution of big result now in academic performance in secondary
school. Also there is high number of people who commented on the vulnerable due to perform
big result now in academic performance in secondary school in Tanzania that big result can be
ways of reducing vulnerable. Therefore increase of vulnerable caused by poor government
support in they are daily activities, also lack of capital in life it lead to increase number of
vulnerable in the community so big result influence people and encourage what to do in the
community of Tanzania. Through that many community particularly involve in insure the
availability if big result now in academic performance, (Michael Barber ,2005) concluded that
relation into big result now in academic performance in secondary school which lead on
knowledge sharing behavior in Tanzania, and expanding the probability of identifying
similarities and difference between developed countries in secondary school by improving
library laboratory and environment around the school. The study concluded that big result now
have ability to create strong strategies and ways that will help to reduce number of vulnerable in
the community.
Table 4.6 Factors for the increase of vulnerable group
27
Divorce Poverty Early marriage 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.6 Factors for the increase of vulnerable group
4.2.2 Big results now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes in
sector of education
The researcher’s findings as shown in table 4.7 below on the contribution of big result now in
academic performance in secondary school is a various activities which increase the
development, the findings revealed that 87% of the respondents reported that students
participating in shearing different ideas on how to performs well during examination. This
implies that the majority of respondents were suggested on how to bring changes in secondary
school due to big result now in academic performance, by using the perception of community
indicate that there is changes in education sector because teachers and students they share
different ideas that related to the big result now in academic performance in secondary school
also influence competition among themselves in secondary school this situation lead to high
performance to the students and make the government to create strong strategies that motivate
the big result now in academic performance in secondary school (kothy,2012)
said that initiatives aims at adopting new methods of working under specific time frame for
delivery of the step change the big results now in academic performance initiative help
development through strategy and adopting the announcement ensure smooth progress in
achieving the five years and vision 2015 in order to bring changes in the community of Tanzania.
28
The study concluded that among of the students must understand the crucial of big result now in
academic performance in sector of education.
Table 4.7 Big results now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes
in sector of education
87%
13%
YesNo
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.7 Big results now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes
in sector of education
4.2.3 Big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce absentees
The findings on the table 4.7 indicate the ways of reduce or minimize the absentees in secondary
school, 57% of the respondents said that formulation of the strategies, rules and regulation is the
one of the way which help to reduce or minimize number of absenteeism in case of achieving big
result now in academic performance in secondary in kikuyu. This finding implies that 57% the
ways that can used to reduce or minimize absentees in secondary school in Kikuyu formulation
of strategies, rule and regulation. Due to address this challenge and reverse the trend, the
education lab has focused on finding ways to raise the quality of basic education, and has set a
very ambitious target to improve pass results in primary and secondary schools to 60% in 2013,
29
70% in 2014 and 80% in 2015. (Richard, 2008) Said that absentees due to big result now in
academic performance in secondary has become a great problem within the community of
Tanzania so due to this problem can be solved by abolishing poor strategies which are not strong
in the community but the measure should be taken to ensure the community members to reduce
absentees in secondary school must be aware on the strategies so through the (Koech, 2006) said
that big result now in academic performance at secondary school contribute on improving
education of high quality to the government, community, and society, through strategic agent of
development for the worldwide. With this perspective, significant effort has to increase access
for all, resulting in huge enrollment expansion over the last -10 years. Over the same period of
time quality of education should not dropped significantly. The study concluded that absentees in
secondary school has become a greater problem which lead big result now in academic
performance to fail and increase number of street children in the community.
Table 4.8 Big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce
absentees,
4.3
2.53.5
4.5
Source: Field Survey 2015
30
Figure 4.8 Big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce
absentees
4.3.1 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
The result shows that 57% of the respondents in the study area said that big result now in
academic performance in secondary school contribute high development in different sectors such
as laboratory, library, expert teachers who have experienced in teaching this is among of the
contribution of development in the community of Tanzania and also the government have
achieved many prosper from big result now in academic perforce in secondary school like
reducing street children, and increase man power in sector of security in all position. These
findings implied the ways which can cause development in the community and minimize the
embezzlement to the government should consider the policy formulation of rules and regulation
in order to bring and influence competition of activities in their own daily project in case to
abolishing bad tradition which discourage development in the community of Tanzania this is to
help all citizen of Tanzania to be are ware on negative effect poverty and poor performance in
the community of Tanzania. The researcher found the additionally to the United Republic of
Tanzania (2012) reported that contribution of big result now in academic performance in
secondary school is fact that lead to students to performing well the subject. The study concluded
that big result now in academic performance in secondary school lead the community to solve
the conflict and consider all principle and regulation provided by the government in case to bring
development within the community of Tanzania.
31
Table 4.9 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
Yes No 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.9 Achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
4.3.2 Challenges in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
The results indicate that 93% of the respondents in the study area said that challenges is among
of the problem in big result now in academic performance in secondary school that lead to the
conflict among in the society of Tanzania so due to the challenge which facing the community
discourage big result now in academic performance in secondary in Kikuyu nevertheless
challenges which hinder the community always indicated as poor laboratory, library poor experts
in providing good knowledge and skill. This findings is implies that 93% of big result now in
academic performance in secondary school is applied and adopted in the worldwide although it is
great problem which result into the lacking of specialist in the community of Tanzania so due to
this lead to the stagnation of the economy (Crockett, 2012) Said that big result now is very
important to the community with disabilities in number of ways, one being that it helps build
self- esteem in helps them curb stigma as well. The researcher find the ways of improving their
understanding capacity to the students with disabilities can improve and able to do other things
students who have no disabilities to do. Despite the fact that the presence of effort done by the
government and NGO’s to include the students with disabilities and non-disabilities in secondary
school in Tanzania like providing material such as library, laboratories, wheel car, and transport
32
building special for secondary school for disable students giving basic need like food, shelter and
clothes. The study concluded that many challenges which hinder big result now in secondary
school of Tanzania is lack equipment in the laboratory, library, and poor environment
Table 4.10 Challenges in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
93%
7%
Yes No
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.10 Challenges in big result now in academic performance in secondary school
4.4 Strategies in addressing big result now in improving academic performance
4.4.1 Method taken to improve big result now in academic performance
The findings on the table 4.10 below indicates the ways on how to implement rule and regulation
on the big result now in academic performance in secondary school this are the method which
motivate the contribution of big result now in academic performance. The method of big result
now in academic performance help to improve high completion among the school in the
community of Tanzania and due to that lead to high performance in secondary school and
nevertheless but through the stakeholders influence the government to make good ways that will
enable the school to maintain big result now in academic performance. This findings implies that
33
93% the ways that can be used to improve the method in case of maintaining access of big result
now in academic performance in secondary school in order to reduce problem which hinder the
community of Tanzania like corruption, use of drugs abuse, conflicts of land due to experience
of big result now has improved in English language, Marketing this help them to achieve good
product which acceptable in Africa that lead to development issues for example mattress, water,
clothes, Tanzania experience due to big result now have achieving in political issues, which help
people to be aware to know their right and agriculture which established by Jakaya M. Kikwete
which known as Kilimo kwanza all this are experience from Europe after establish big result
now in the world. (Ruth, 2013) Uganda experience through big result now is to transform the
country from less income economy to middle-income economy by eradicating the poverty to the
community. The study concluded that the method which used to improve big result now in
academic performance in secondary school is well organized in the development but the problem
is indiscipline in implementing rule and regulation in secondary school.
Table 4.11 Method taken to improve big result now in academic performance
93%
7%
Yes No
Source: Field Survey, 2015
Figure 4.11 Method taken to improve big result now in academic performance
34
4.4.2 Big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community
The results indicates that 60% of the respondents in the study area said that poverty is among the
problem to the contribution of big result now in academic performance in secondary school and
respondents said that poverty is the greater problem in the community of Tanzania which hinder
the generation but the respondent argued that poverty caused by the selfishness within the
government so through that lead big result now in academic performance fail to achieve this is
due to the poor planning about how to create the methods that will help the education of
Tanzania to improve in Tanzania experience from low to middle income the big result now in
academic performance development is outlook to be implemented beginning of 2013-2014
financial year. Compare the government of Tanzania made the different initiatives in eradicating
poverty and ensuring better life for all BRN model. ensile system of implementation will be
focus on six priority areas of economic, Energy and natural gas, Agriculture, Water, Education,
Transport and Mobilization of resources Big result now (Shirani, 2012).said that poverty is the
probability of individual fail to afford basic need in the life. The study concluded that poverty is
among of the challenges which hinder the students at secondary school and the community and
through that lead student to use drug, raping, and corrupting members because of poverty.
Table 4.12 Big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community
Yes No 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Source: Field Survey, 2015
35
Figure 4.12 Big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter presents the information concerning to conclusion and recommendations of the
study. Actually it gives some suggestions for further research on the study area. The conclusions
and recommendations presented in this chapter focused mainly on the study area.
5.2 Conclusion
Big result now in academic performance in secondary school is the main factor that hinders the
government of Tanzania and most people of the study area, due to the fact that people can’t
involve much in big result now in academic performance in secondary school due to the lacking
of implementing policy rules and regulation. Also awareness of big result now policy especially
36
to people who had no education creates in case of improve development in the community, the
study reveals that age determine the historical of big result now in academic performance in
secondary school, because big result now is the greater contribution of development in the
secondary school and other institution within the community.
5.2.1 Type of Big result now in academic performance in secondary school in Kikuyu Ward
The study findings and noted that big result now in academic performance in secondary school
the students and other people in Dodoma region study area mostly were aware with the big result
now in academic performance in all sector of education. In reference to the study findings it
indicated that most majorities they knew the kind of big result now which BRN and People,
stakeholders and community, nevertheless the reason behind was due to the frequent incidences
of improving big result now. The study indicated that the most of majorities were involved in big
result now in academic performance in secondary school. The study showed the kind of effects
due to big result now is poverty among the students in 2012 up to 2015 which causes increase of
street children, early marriage, and absentees in Dodoma- Kikuyu Ward.
5.2.2 Contribution of Big Result Now in Academic Performance in Secondary School
The study findings revealed that, most majorities were oared to analyze big result now policy
instruments. The study indicated and noted that the reason behind was, government to provide
big result now policy in education sector to the students and the community, Also the study
reported that big result now policy is the instrument that motivated effectively in development in
the institutions, community, and government because does insure to satisfy the needs of people,
that added the reporting of big result now in academic performance in secondary school the
governance and administration this contribute on big result now in academic performance in
Kikuyu secondary school in the study area.
5.2.3 Way to overcome challenges facing big result now in academic performance in
secondary school
The study findings authenticated that community should be aware with big result now policy,
this resulted to improve in following procedures acquiring on big result now in academic
37
performance from the government, and the reason behind from the study was that community
must participate in making education policy, like current constitution of United Republic of
Tanzania (URT). Also the study findings reveals that, through the development they should
knew the advantages of big result now in academic performance in secondary school, also Policy
that it address the right of a citizens to own the big result now in academic performance in
secondary school.
5.2.4 The attitude of strategies in addressing big result now in academic performance
The study indicated that big result now in academic performance in secondary school is
responsible in secondary school, community, government, and institution nevertheless likely to
other region in the country which big result now is governed by Municipal. The study findings
showed the institutional capacity on big result now in governance and management, on addressed
that big result now in performance in secondary school in Kikuyu ward have high capacity in
governing and managing big result now in performing matters, thus in Dodoma region there is
high performance in education matter. The study findings reported that education policy
functions is to govern big result issues and allows the provide competition among the school and
community. Also the study showed that big result now policy is very effective in improving
sectors of education and free market economy through big result now, the study addressed the
reason that due to increase of big result now in academic performance between secondary school
and other institution in case of motivating big result now in the community of Tanzania.
Not only that but also the study indicated the education policy consideration in gender, and
reported that big result now policy considers gender equality of all students, that men and women
are equal in possessing big result now. Moreover the study findings reported that most of
majorities have title deed for big result now in academic performance in registration and
education occupancy, the study addressed the reason behind that majorities had obtain title deed
because of Dodoma-Kikuyu secondary school Ward, up to date had obtain registered, hence they
have ward title in deed. Finally, the study findings addressed the strategies to be taken in order to
improve big result now in academic performance in Dodoma Municipality; the dominant
strategies was that, the government should provide education on big result policy and should be
created in education governance, management and administration also BRN should replace in its
38
authority, like other regions in the big result now are being governed and managed by
Municipals.
5.2.1 Recommendations for Action
The government should identify the policy that are permanent in the residential area,
were the place which has entered into government planning, so as to improve big result
now in academic performance with the people during government implementation of its
plans.
Also, the community under the government should provide enough skill and knowledge
and education on big result now Policy as (tools) to people of Tanzania. Because the
study findings noted that many majority were not aware to analyze big result now policy,
when big result now policy will be understood to Tanzanian also development will be
achieved in Tanzania. Education policy should be provided as the exercise of
Constitution reformation which started from 2012 up to 2015.
There should be good governance, management, and administration in education matters
in order to increase effectiveness in providing quality service to the core
stakeholders(people),because the study findings reveals that there is poor governance in
big result now in administering education matters.
Not only that, but also people of Tanzania should make strong cooperation with the
government (LGA) ,by finding information’s about how to improve big result now in
order to get permanent settlement in building houses rather than building houses were the
government have its plans, this will help community of Tanzania. According to the study
findings showed that about 200 of people build in areas were government has its plans.
Community development officer (CDO) should be abandoned from its authority in
education issues and government should replace it like other region in the country were
education matters is under municipal or local government, study findings reveals that
Community development officer (CDO) is the main stream of big result now in Dodoma
region, it have achieved to develop big result now, hence should be created from it
authority.
39
The government of Tanzania should prioritize the community of Tanzania to get big
result now rather than poor performance. Big result now should be allocated far away,
because Tanzania have many and large areas which are bared, this should be used for
buildings not only urban areas even rural areas where people live. The study findings
showed that big result now in study area are due to development and CDO with people
because education are highly prioritized in acquiring community development.
Not only that, but also government under its community (CDO) should measure all part
which have not measured and provide title deed of big result now in academic
performance in secondary school, this will help in community Evaluation and
Monitoring for effective management in order to motivate high education in all place in
the country. Because the findings showed that Dodoma-Kikuyu Ward had good
implementation because have better tools for this big result now to planned big result
now in the community of Tanzania.
5.2.2 Recommendations for Further Research
In the light of the study findings, explain, indicate, discussion, conclusions and
limitations of this study planned, the following recommendations are made in these areas.
It is recommended that a study should be conducted which involves a larger sample so
that the study theme can be understood from a holistic perspective.
The current study involved only and one hundred and fifty (150) and eleven (11) official
respondents in Dodoma municipal. It is recommended that a study could be done over a
wider geographical coverage such as five regions so that it could be understood from
different viewpoints.
A similar study could be conducted to larger extent to which students and citizen’s rights
in big result now in academic performance in secondary school.
Also, researcher can accomplish the research due to the challenges which hinder the big
result now in academic performance in secondary school, institutions, and community
especially, Ministry of education Development and CDO in managing and governing
education matters in processing all daily activities in the community of Tanzania.
40
REFERENCE
Allyson et al,(2003) Life span development Mc Grow- Hill Companies New York
Bamberger (2010) 2nd in the company of others, Mc Grow- Hill Companies New York.
Hsu, (2006);
Jud, (2007)
Kothari, (2008) Tanzania Human Rights Report Published in Dar es Salaam.
Lwoga, (2011)
Miller and Alberts, (1994)
Mushi & Oliver, (2009)
Raymond, (1978)
Reza, (2008)
Robson, (1993
41
Tanzania National Census, (2012)
Timothy, (2005) The big picture Mc Grow- Hill Companies New York.
Tsang et al.(2004).
Uhlenbruck et al.(2003).
Appendix: 1 STAKEHOLDERS QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CONTRIBUTION OF BIG
RESULT NOW IN ACCADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL IN
KIKUYU AT DODOMA MUNICIPALIT
1 Name……………………………………………………………………………
2 Age of respondent
(a) 18 – 30
(b) 31 – 43 ( )
(c) 44 and above
3. Sex of respondent
(a) Male
(b) Female ( )
4. Marital status
42
(a) Single
(b) Married
(c) Widow
(d) Widower
(e) Divorce ( )
5. What is your education level?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Adult education
(d) Higher institutional level
(e) Tertiary education
(f) Not attending school at all ( )
6. Occupation
a. Government employee
b. Private sector employees
c. Self-employed
d. Business owner ( )
e. None
Objective No 1 Contribution of Big Result Now in Academic Performance
7. Do you know the meaning of big result now in academic performance?
(a) If “Yes” or ( )
(b) “No”
43
8. Explain if yes or no
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Do you think there is any importance of big result now in academic performance in secondary
school?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Do you think big result now in academic performance can bring development in the
community?
(a) If “Yes” ( )
(b) Or “No”
11 How explain if yes or no
.......................................................................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Do you think the government can cause big result now in academic performance in
secondary school?
If “Yes” or No explain “how”
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
13. Which method do you think can excess big result now in academic performance in secondary
school?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
44
14. Which challenges hinder contribution of big result now in academic performance?
Explain how
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
15. Is there any techniques which can improve big result now in academic performance in
secondary school?
If “Yes” or “No” How
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Appendix: 2 STUDENTS QUESTIONAER FOR CONTRIBUTION OF BIG RESULT
NOW IN ACCADEMIC PERFORMANCE A CASE STUDY KIKUYU SECONDARY
SCHOOL IN DODOMA MUNICIPALITY.
1. Name…………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Age of respondent
(a) 12˗˗ 16
(b) 18 – 30
(c) 31 – 43 ( )
(d) 44 and above
3. Sex of respondent
(a) Male
45
(b) Female ( )
4. Marital status
(f) Single
(g) Married
(h) Widow
(i) Widower
(j) Divorce ( )
5. What is your education level?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Adult education
(d) Higher institutional level
(e) Tertiary education
(f)Not attending school at all ( )
6. Occupation
f. Government employee
g. Private sector employees
h. Self-employed
i. Business owner ( )
J None
Objective No 2 Ways to Overcome Challenges Facing Big Result Now in Academic
Performance
46
7 Do you know the meaning of big result now in academic performance?
(a) If Yes ( )
(b) Or No
8 Explain If Yes Or No
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9 Do you think big result now in academic performance in secondary school can bring changes
in sector of education?
If “Yes” ( )
Or “No”
10 How explain
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Is there any achievement in big result now in academic performance in secondary school?
If “Yes” or “No” How
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Is there any challenge in big result now in academic performance in secondary school?
If “Yes” or “No” Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
47
13. Do you think big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce
absentees?
If “Yes” or No “How”
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. Do you think which method should be taken to improve big result now in academic
performance in secondary school?
If “Yes” or “No” Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. Do you think big result now in academic performance can reduce poverty in the community?
If “Yes” or “No” Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
48
Appendix: 3 TEACHER QUESTIONAERE CONTRIBUTION OF BIG RESULT NOW
IN ACCADEMIC PERFOERMANCE IN KIKUYU SECONDARY SCHOOL A CASE
STUDY DODOMA MANICIPALITY.
1. Name……………………………………………………………………………………
2. Age of respondent
(a) 18-25
(b) 25– 35
(c) 35 – 45
(d) 45 and above ( )
3. Sex of respondent
(a) Male
(b) Female ( )
4. What is your education level?
(a) Primary
49
(b) Secondary
(c) Institution level
(d) Tertiary education
(d) Not attending school at all ( )
Objective No 3 Attitude of strategies in addressing big result now in academic performance
5. What are the factors for the increase big result now in academic performance in secondary
school?
(a) Strategies
(b) Policy ( )
(c) Government
6 Explain how
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Do you think big result now in academic performance in secondary school can reduce family
conflict?
(a) Yes ( )
(b) or No
8 Explain on how
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
50
9. Do you think big result now in academic performance can eradicate poverty in the
community?
If Yes Why If No Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. What are the impacts of big result now in academic performance in secondary school?
If Yes Why If No Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
11. Is it true that big result now in academic performance reduce number of vulnerable in the
community?
If Yes Why If No Why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Is there any strategies which the government have been create to improve the big result now
in academic performance in secondary school?
If Yes why If No why
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. It is true that big result now in academic performance in secondary school can help to reduce
the problem of the increase of vulnerable children?
(a) Yes
(b) If No
51
14 Explain how
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. In which method big result now in academic performance in secondary school can change
community perception?
Explain on how
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
52
