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Mariko Kageyama
8 September 2014
Best practices, training, and networking to protect natural heritage collections in North America
U.S. Museums by Discipline (2014)
Source: Museum Universe Data File, FY 2014 Q3, Institute of Museum and Library Services
Arboretums, Botanical Gardens, Nature Centers
Art
Children’s
Historical Societies, Historic Houses, Sites
History
General, Unclassified
Natural History, Natural Science
Science & Technology
Zoos, Aquariums, Wildlife Conservation
N ≤35,000
US Institutions with Emergency Plan for Collections with Staff Trained to Carry It Out (2004)
Source: Heritage Health Index 2005, Heritage Preservation
Archives
Public Libraries
Academic Libraries
Independent Libraries
Special Libraries
Historical Societies
Art Museums
History Museums/Sites
Natural History/Science Tech Museums/Zoos
Universities/Agencies Research Collections
* National Standards and Best Practices for Museums
* 1000+ museums accredited (<4%)
American Alliance of Museums (AAM) Accreditation Program
CORE DOCUMENTS VERIFICATION (REQUIRED for Accreditation)
Mission Statement
Institutional Code of Ethics
Strategic Institutional Plan
Disaster Preparedness/Emergency Response Plan
Collections Management Policy
Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI) Framework for Preservation of Heritage Collections
some Cumulative, some Catastrophic
9 AGENTS OF DETERIORATION Direct Physical Forces (e.g. Seismic)
Thieves, Vandals, Displacers
Fire
Water
Pests
Contaminants
Radiation (Light, UV)
Incorrect Temperature
Incorrect Relative Humidity
Response Recovery Pr
epar
edne
ss
Mitigation
Comprehensive Emergency Management Cycle U.S.A. Model (late 1970s~)
All Types of Emergencies
During a non-emergency time, Write a plan, take preventive measures, build a team, and develop good relationship and communication systems with emergency response partners. Exercise. Build confidence.
Response
Recovery
Prep
ared
ness
Mitigation
Once an incident happens, Execute a plan as a team. Do the best you can under the circumstances. Stay safe and calm! Do not hesitate to ask for outside help. Your goal is to get back to the normal operation ASAP, while minimizing loss and damage to your treasured collections.
Risk (Re-)Assessment & (Re-)Evaluation
é Urgency of Risk Scenarios Chart U.S. Library of Congress
Probability
Impact
High Low
High
Low
wild-fire
flood tornado
heavy snow volcano
Magnitude of Risk = FS × LV × P × E (0 ~ 1.0)
FS: Fraction Susceptible LV: Loss in Value P: Probability E: Extent (Waller, 2003)
MCOL W125 Mammals & BirdsE&T Species + Types
MCOL W126 Herp, Fish, InvertsEndangered sp. + Types
(all alcohol)
MCOL W126AHistoric Ledgers
PRIORITIES University of Colorado Museum
Collections Salvage Priorities ―Scientific, Essential, Curatorial, Historic, Rare, Fragile, etc.
Emergency Supplies Bins and Graphic Info Sheets ―effective communication
Denver Museum of Nature and Science
Natural history collections-specific challenges
ê University of Colorado Museum
ê Smithsonian NMNH
é Museum of Texas Tech Univ.
é Emergency Response and Salvage (ERS) Wheel çERS Mobile App (FREE)
çField Guide to Emergency Response
Assemble a Response Team: Which Role to Play?
Source: Field Guide to Emergency Response, Heritage Preservation
Disaster
Emergency Responder Liaison Health and Safety Coordinator
Communications Coordinator
with federal Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS)
www.connectingtocollections.org
Alliance for Response: Cooperative Disaster Networks Bringing together Emergency Responders and collection professionals in your local community
First Responders (Police, Firefighters, Paramedics, Rescue personnel) Local governments’ (state, county, city) emergency management offices Utility services, business recovery services
American Institute for Conservation: Collections Emergency Response Team (AIC-CERT)
A highly trained emergency response team of collection preservation professionals recruited from across the U.S.
5 Key Training Areas Incident Command
Health and Safety
Simulations: phone / on-site teamwork
Resources: including commercial services
Salvage and Recovery Techniques overview
AIC-CERT Team Volunteers Selection Criteria Experience
Previous training
Geographic diversity across the U.S.
Specialty areas diversity
C:\Users\CoreySmith\Desktop\Museum Emergency Plan 2012.docPage 27 of 169
X. DIRECTION AND CONTROL As recommended by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 and Florida Statute 252, the Seminole Tribe has adopted an incident management system that follows the principles of National Incident Management System (NIMS) and consistent with the State of Florida Comprehensive Emergency Management Plans. The incident management model followed by the Museum and THPO are based on the principles of the Incident Command System (see Figure 1). The ICS model has been recognized as the model for the command, control and coordination of resources and personnel in response to emergencies. The ICS is designed to enable effective and efficient incident management by integrating the use of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures and communications operating within a common organizational structure. ICS principles and procedures require the use of common terminology, modular organization, integrated communications, unified command structure, incident action planning, manageable span of control, pre-designated facilities and comprehensive resource management. The ICS management is structured to facilitate activities in five major functional areas: command, operations, planning, logistics, finance and administration.
The Museum and THPO use the ICS model to organize both short-term and long-term operations for a broad spectrum of emergencies. These tasks are performed under the overall direction of the Incident Commander. This flexible management method allows expansion or contraction of emergency resources as dictated by the magnitude and complexity of the event. The functions of the ICS positions are as follows: x The Incident Commander has overall responsibility for managing the entire event. The
Incident Commander is also responsible for activities such as developing and implementing strategies, the ordering and release of resources, the provision of information to internal and external stakeholders and establishing and maintaining liaisons with other agencies participating in the incident. The Incident Commander may assign a Public Information Officer (PIO) and a Liaison Officer – as members of command staff - to carry out those functions as appropriate. When assigned, the PIO provides for the coordination of emergency information and also interacts with and manages media requests. When assigned, a Liaison Officer facilitates and coordinates the actions of external supporting or assisting agencies.
Incident Commander
Command Staff
Figure 1 – ICS Structure
Operations
Logistics
Planning Admin & Finance
Regional Facilitators in Disaster Plan Training for Small Heritage Collections: They reach out to help you!
Training Goals • Evaluate risks to collections
• Set action priorities for your collections
• Complete and improve a Disaster Plan
• Train your staff to carry out a plan
• Gain hands-on salvaging experience
• Identify collaborative partnerships
PReP™: Pocket Response Plan
for Collections
• Critical Contacts List (alternative phones/emails) • Step-by-step Checklist • Customized to your coll.
• Only to supplement a comprehensive plan • With you all the time • Test/Revise/Update
Insurance? Freezer Service? IT Data Recovery? 24-hr Helpline?
1. Notify Immediately 2. Activate a Team 3. Assess a Damage 4. Communicate 5. Salvage Priorities
American (?) Attitudes and Approaches to Disasters
ü De-centralized, yet coordinated, flexible mechanism
ü YOU are in charge − not taken over by government authorities
ü Bottom-up approach − executive decisions made on site, at the scene
ü Structured, standardized teamwork execution, never working alone
ü Local community-oriented planning, involving your town’s responders
ü Cross-disciplinary framework across all types of heritage collections
ü Emphasis on taking timely, methodical reactions even under stress
ü Human health and safety first before safeguarding collections
ü A strong sense of volunteerism, mutual trust and aids
* Lori Foley, Heritage Preservation, Inc. * U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services * Eric Pourchot, Foundation of the American Institute
for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works * American Alliance of Museums * Andrew Robb, U.S. Library of Congress, Preservation
Directorate * Julie Page, Western States and Territories Preservation
Assistance Service * Northeast Document Conservation Center * Society for the Preservation of Natural History
Collections * Jude Southward, Jeff Stephenson, Denver Museum of
Nature and Science
