Protection and Control Drawings

Institut Latihan Sultan Ahmad Shah(ILSAS)

Unit Perlindungan, Seksyen Latihan Penghantaran - 2007 Aminuddin Musa

PROTECTION & LOCAL CONTROL DRAWINGS

Aminuddin bin Musa

PURPOSE OF DRAWINGS

Provide information about equipment or system (such as Protection & Control) in a form which Users will easily understandDescribe the full operation of the systemEnable system to be designed, constructed, installed, tested, commissioned, operated, managed and maintained

PURPOSE OF DRAWINGS

Provide information for various tasks and functions throughout system life cycle;

Engineering Design WorkManufacturingErection and InstallationTesting and CommissioningFault InvestigationOperation and MaintenanceTrainingFuture Extension, Modification or Upgrade

DRAWING CLASSIFICATIONS

Drawings and Documentation Classifications based on IEC 61082 Series Standard;

Function Oriented Documents,Location Documents,Connection Documents,Items Lists.Installation-specific documentsCommissioning-specific documentsOperation-specific documents, andMaintenance-specific documents

Covered Under this Lecture

DRAWING TYPES

Function Oriented DocumentsOverview Diagram – e.g. Single Line DiagramBlock Diagram - e.g. Protection Block DiagramLogic-function Diagram - e.g. Protection Logic Diagram, Control Logic DiagramCircuit Diagram - e.g. Circuit or Schematic DiagramTerminal-function Diagram - e.g. Device Terminal Diagram, Apparatus/Device Drawing List

Location DocumentsInstallation Drawing / Plan - e.g. Layout DrawingsArrangement drawings - e.g. Panel Arrangement DrawingsAssembly Drawings - e.g. Panel Assembly Drawings

DRAWING TYPES

Connection DocumentsConnection Diagram/Table

Unit Connection Diagram/Table - e.g. Internal Connection Table, Internal Multi-core Cable ScheduleInterconnection Diagram/Table - e.g. Inter Panel Connection Diagram, Inter Panel Multi-core Cable Schedule

Cable Diagram/TableItems Lists

Parts List - e.g. Material ListsSpare Parts List

OVERVIEW – SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

Starting Point For New Substation Work And To Understand the Scheme

Enable To Easily Check Equipment General Arrangement and Requirements

Various Elements (CTs, VTs, CB, DS, etc.)Shown Symbolically Superimposed

on the SLD)

Complete Substation Seen or Visualized in Semi-pictorial Form

BLOCK DIAGRAM

PROTECTION BLOCK DIAGRAM

Type of Protection Scheme Used

CT Details (Ratio, Class, etc.) andLocation for Each Protection

Functions

LOGIC-FUNCTION DIAGRAM

PROTECTION LOGIC DIAGRAM

Describe ProtectionTripping Logic

CIRCUIT OR SCHEMATIC DRAWING

PROTECTION CIRCUIT OR SCHEMATIC DRAWING- CT CIRCUIT

CT Circuit For Overhead Line Main 1 Current Differential Protection

CT Circuit Connection to Current Differential Protection Relay and Test Block

CIRCUIT OR SCHEMATIC DRAWING

PROTECTION CIRCUIT OR SCHEMATIC DRAWING- TRIPPING CIRCUIT

Main 1 Current Differential Protection Tripping

Explain the Circuitry and Mode of Operation

Allow Circuits to be “Followed Through” when Trying to Understand

Scheme and Tracing Fault

Trip Coil 1

Describe System and ImplementedScheme

TERMINAL-FUNCTION DIAGRAM

CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION RELAY TERMINAL-FUNCTION DIAGRAM

Describe Protection RelayTerminal Information such as CT/VT Terminals, Input/Output Contacts, etc.

Describe Protection Relay Particulars such as Relay Model, Version, Order

Number, etc.

PANEL LAYOUT DRAWING

CONTROL AND PROTECTIONPANEL LAYOUT

132kV Control PanelLayout

132kV Protection Panel Layout

Panel Top View Arrangement

PANEL ARRANGEMENT DRAWING

PROTECTION PANELARRANGEMENT DRAWING

Panel Front View Arrangement

Position of Panels With Respect To Each Other

Arrangement Normally Followthe Substation Switchyard Layout

PANEL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

PROTECTION PANELASSEMBLY DRAWING – FRONT VIEW

Assembly of Devices and Componentson the Panel Front Surface

PANEL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

PROTECTION PANELASSEMBLY DRAWING – REAR VIEW

Assembly of Devices and Componentson the Panel Rear and Side Surfaces

PANEL PARTS LIST

PROTECTION PANELPARTS LIST

Device or ComponentItem Code Designation

Device or ComponentManufacturer, Type and Model

Device or ComponentSpecification

GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS

Based on International Standard IEC 60617 Series Standard and TNB PracticesBasic Rules

Symbols (Switchgear Unit, Relays and Contacts) in Circuit/Schematic Drawings are presented in de-energized (non-energized) stateSymbols selected appropriate for the particular purpose of DrawingsSymbols Orientation depends on drawing layout signal flow directionSymbols Legend provided in separate diagram shall be referredAny Exception to the Rules must be clearly marked on the Diagram

GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS

Shown in Non-Energized State

Normally Open State

Normally Close State

GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS

Shown in Non-Energized

GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS

Shown in Non-Energized

Example of Contactor Relay

GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS

Measuring Relay

Based on TNB Practice (Non IEC Std)

GENERAL DRAWING FORMAT AND STYLE

Variety of Different Drawing Presentation StylesBased on National Standard and Manufacturer Standard

Combined Wiring and Cabling DiagramAll Drawn on Large Sheet of A0 or A1 size paperAdvantage For Simpler Scheme

British PracticeDrawn on Large Sheet of A0 or A1 size paperSeparate Drawings for HV/CT/VT circuits and DC/Auxiliary AC CircuitsDC/Auxiliary AC Circuits Drawn from +ve to –ve, left to rightWires identified by Wire Numbers (Alphabetic Prefix to identify Circuit Type

European PracticeDrawn in Multiple Sheets of A3 or A4 size paperNormally Drawn using Computer Added DraftingTwo types of Presentation Style, i.e. Functional and “Unit” or “Device” Oriented DrawingsFunctional Drawings, e.g. IEC Influence such as Siemens, Areva“Unit” or “Device” Orientated Drawings, e.g. ABB

FUNCTIONAL ORIENTED DRAWING EXAMPLE

Drawing Based on Function132KV Overhead Line

CB Closing Circuit

UNIT OR DEVICE ORIENTED DRAWING EXAMPLE

DC Supplies

Control & Indications

Overcurrent Protection

Circuit Breaker

TNB Standard Practice Refer To TNB Transmission Guidelines and Standard DrawingsFunctional DrawingsDrawn in Multiple Sheets of A3 or A4 size paperNormally Drawn using Computer Added DraftingBased on IEC and TNB Practice

Ensure Manufacturer Provide Drawing Legend of Standard Symbols and Codes used

Lecture Based on the Guideline

TNB Drawing Format GuideCover Sheet and Title BlockBorders and FrameReference Grid SystemsDiagram Component Layout with Graphical Symbols, Electrical Connections and Linkage LinesReference DesignationsSignal and Location ReferencesCircuit Function ReferencesTechnical Data (if applicable)Explanatory Marking (if applicable)Terminal-Function

COVER SHEET

First Sheet of DrawingsLocated at Right Hand Side of Drawing SpaceLeft Hand Side – Vacant SpaceIncludes Drawing Identification and Project Information

TITLE BLOCK

Located at Bottom Right-Hand Corner of Drawing Space

REFERENCE GRID

Start at Upper-Left CornerNumber of Grid Division depends on Drawing Complexity, e.g. 6 by 8 DivisionsRectangle of Grids – Capital Letter along Vertical Edge and Numerals along Horizontal Edge

Starting Point

XPosition E5

DIAGRAM LAYOUT

Signal Flow Direction -Top to Bottom, +ve to -veControlling System at Top of Function-oriented Group Application for Overview, Function and Circuit DiagramsPreferred

DIAGRAM LAYOUT

Alternative Signal Flow Direction - Left to RightControlling System at Left of Function-oriented Group Application for Logic-Function DiagramsIf Not Clear, Connecting Line to be with Arrowhead

Flow Direction

SIGNAL AND REFERENCE LOCATION

Connecting Line in Same Sheet (Signal Y)

SIGNAL AND REFERENCE LOCATION

Device –F21Z Located at Drawing Sheet 32

CROSS REFERENCING

Device –K1 Located at Circuit Drawing Sheet 5 and Terminal-Function

Drawing Sheet 7

CROSS REFERENCING - ALTERNATIVE

Device –K1 Located at Circuit Drawing Sheet 5and Terminal-Function Drawing Sheet 7.

Relay Coil and Contacts shown below –K1 Device

CROSS REFERENCING

Cross Referencing To Different Sheet of Same Bay

Sheet 16, Bay E01

Sheet 33, Bay E01

CROSS REFERENCING

Cross Referencing To Different Sheet of Different Bay

Sheet 5, Bay E01

Sheet 2, Bay E05

TERMINAL FUNCTION DIAGRAM

Prepare for All Circuit Devices

Indicate Number of Relay Coil and Contacts Used

Indicate Relay Type, Model,Version, Rating, etc.

Indicate Relay Configurations

CIRCUIT FUNCTION REFERENCE

Main Protection OperatedCircuit Function

Main Protection Operated Contact

REFERENCE DESIGNATION SYSTEM

Based on International Standard - IEC 61082 Series StandardStandardized and Uniform Reference Designation System to Identify All Devices or Components of Electrical Equipment/SystemsClear and Unique Identification of Devices using Alphanumeric Codes of the Reference Designation

REFERENCE DESIGNATION SYSTEM

Reference Designation Block Structure and Format (May be Omitted if Obvious or Definitely Clear Identification Available)

Qualifying Symbols= , + , - , :

Alphanumeric Characters‘A’ represents an alphabetical letter‘N’ represents a numerical digit

Format;

DESIGNATION BLOCK

275kV Bay 1, at Relay Panel R1, of Relay F21Z and Terminal Number 10

PLANT/HIGH LEVEL DESIGNATION

Qualifying Symbol =

PLANT/HIGH LEVEL DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

=E01132kV Bay No.1

=E02132kV Bay No.2

PLANT/HIGH LEVEL DESIGNATION

PLANT/HIGH LEVEL DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

=E01132kV Bay No.1

=E04132kV Bay No.4

LOCATION DESIGNATION

Qualifying Symbol +

PANEL LOCATION DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

Qualifying Symbol +

PANEL LOCATION DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

=E01+R132kV Protection

Panel No.1

Panel No.2

Panel No.3

Panel No.4

Panel No.5

275kV Relay & Control Panel

(AIS Station withSCS Facilities)

AlternativeDesignation

132kV Relay & Control Panel(AIS Station)

DEVICE DESIGNATION

Qualifying Symbol -

For Protective Device, the “NN” is based on TNB Protective Device Code

DEVICE DESIGNATION

Q – HV Circuit Breaker, Isolator, Switching Devices

Different From TNB Switching Device Number

(Based on BS 7354)

PROTECTIVE DEVICE CODE

The Device Numbers are based on IEEE Standard –IEEE Std C37.2 – 1996 (IEEE Standard Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers and Contact Designations)The Device Numbers represent standard protective device functionsCustomized to TNB Practice – Alphabet used as Suffix of the Device Code, in combination with IEEE Device Number

For Example, 21Z21 Z

IEEE Device Function Number 21 Impedance Relay

PROTECTIVE DEVICE CODE

The Codes are not replacing the existing protection names

Include as the Device Reference Designation for Protective RelaysFor Example, -F21Z

F - Protection Relay

PROTECTIVE DEVICE CODE - EXAMPLE

DEVICE DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

-F87LLine Differential Protection Relay

-F21ZDistance

Protection Relay

-F79/25Auto-Reclose and

Synchronizing Relay

TERMINAL DESIGNATION

Qualifying Symbol :

This Qualifying Symbol is Normally Omitted as Terminals are Obvious or Clearly Identified in Drawings

TERMINAL BLOCK GROUP

TERMINAL BLOCK

Device Designation:First Code Letter for Terminal Block is XSecond Code Letter for Terminal Block is based on BS158

TERMINAL BLOCK GROUP

Based on Function, For Example, -XP for Protection Circuit

BS158Marking and Arrangement

Main Connection and Small Wiring

X – Terminal Block Group

TEST TERMINAL FACILITY – TEST BLOCK

X – Terminal Block, Plug, Socket, Relay Test Block

TEST TERMINAL FACILITY

Device Designation:First Code Letter for Relay Test Terminal Facility or Relay Test Block is XSecond Code Letter for Relay Test Block is based on TNB Protective Device Code

For Example; -X21Z

TEST BLOCK DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

-X87LTest Block For

Line Differential Protection Relay

-FX1ZTest Block For

Distance Protection Relay

-X79/25Test Block For

Auto-Reclose and Synchronizing Relay

CONDUCTOR DESIGNATION

Based on Obsolete British Standard BS158:1961 (Specification For The Marking And Arrangement Of Switchgear Busbars Main Connections and Small Wiring)Widely Practice by TNB – Inherited from British PracticeConductor Designation Not Specified in IEC StandardAdopted for Internal Multi-core Wiring in PanelsStructure and Format

Prefix Letter Representing the Conductor or Wiring FunctionWire Number

For Example;A11 - Main Protection Red Phase CT Wire NumberJ1, J2 – DC Supply

CONDUCTOR DESIGNATION - EXAMPLE

Main Protection Current TransformerWiring or Conductor

Numbers

WIRING MARKING

Adopted For External Multi-core Wiring (Panel to Panel Wiring)Based on Cable and Terminal Block InformationUtilizing Ferrule Markers

WIRING MARKING

Ferrule Marker For each Group – Differentiated by Use of Alternate White and Yellow Ferrule Markers

Alternate Ferrule Marker Colour

CABLE MARKING

“A” is defined by the voltage levelFirst Numeric “NN” Group Represents the Bay NumberSecond Numeric “NN or NNN” Group Represents the Number proposed in the Table

Second Numeric “NN” or “NNN”

Cable Number Marking Designation

CABLE DIAGRAM - EXAMPLE

Example of Cable Diagram Using Cable Marking275kV Bay No1 (D01)

CABLE DIAGRAM - EXAMPLE

Example of Cable Diagram Using Cable Marking275kV Bay No1 (D01)

Cable MarkingExample From MK +V To CB Q0, “NN” 36-40

Cable Particulars;Cable Size,

Number of Cores, Colour, etc.

CABLE SCHEDULE

Example of Cable Schedule, Showing the Cable Connections (in Table Form) Between Different Panel Locations (Location A to Location B)Include Information about the Multi-Core Cables

Cable NumberCore NumberTerminal Numbers at Each EndsCable SizeCable Functions

PANEL LABELLING AND LOCATION

Panel LabelExample For Indoor Relay Panel

TYPICAL DRAWINGS REQUIRED IN A TNB PROJECT

Conceptual Design Documents

Detailed Design Documents

Additional Documents Required During Installation

UNDERSTANDING CIRCUIT OR SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Starting Point with Overview and Block DiagramUnderstand the Scheme and Logic-FunctionSymbols (Switching Devices, Relays and Contacts) presented in de-energized (non-energized) stateCircuit Arrangement shown according to Functional Aspect“Follow through” the circuit to understand scheme. Flow Direction from +ve to –ve, top to bottom, left to rightComplex Electronic Functional Block such as Numerical Relay often represented as “Black Box”, input/output clearly identified (Terminal Function Diagram)Main HV circuitry shown in Full Three Phase presentation. Drawn from power source (top) to load (bottom)

BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Switch or Other Device Contact

RelayContact(NO –NormallyOpenContact)

DC SystemBattery

Relays and Contacts shown in de-energized (non-energized) state

BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Close Switch or Other Device Contact

RelayOperated

RelayContactClose

DC SystemBattery

Actions initiated or controlled by closing switch, complete the electrical circuitry – Relay change StateRelay contact close

BASIC CIRCUIT EQUIVALENT

-Representation in Circuit or Schematic Diagram FormatCircuitry based on Circuit FunctionSignal Flow direction from +ve to –ve, Top to Bottom

Controlling System on Top (Contact)

Relay at Bottom

CIRCUIT LOGIC

A B CZ+ve -ve

AND gate, Contacts in SeriesCircuitry More Secure

CIRCUIT LOGIC

Z+ve-ve

OR gate, Contacts in ParallelCircuitry More Dependable

TYPICAL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – CT CIRCUIT

TYPICAL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – PROTECTION TRIPPING

TRIPPING CIRCUIT 1

TYPICAL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM – PROTECTION TRIPPING

TRIPPING CIRCUIT 2

PRACTICAL

REFER TO TNB STANDARD DRAWINGS

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