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EKU Site Supervisor TrainingTraining for Internship and Practicum Supervisors
Timothy Robertson, MA,NCC,LPCCCarol Sommer, PhD, NCC, LPC,ACS
EKU Site Supervisor Training
•Thank-you!▫We appreciate your willingness to accept
our students and work with them.
•Introductions
Topics Covered
•Review of Learning expectancies as an internship/practicum site▫Discussion of EKU Internship/Practicum
Handbook
•Overview of specific Supervision models
•Questions related to supervision
InternshipCOU 881• The internship is the final and most comprehensive
professional experience in Counseling and Educational Psychology. The intent of the internship is to provide the student with continued supervised training at a site outside the university environment which is congruent to his or her orientation within the program.
• • In order to insure that the student’s individualized
career goals are met in the internship experiences, arrangements are negotiated between the student, the on-site supervisor, the internship site and the student’s supervising professor at the Counseling and Educational Psychology Department at Eastern Kentucky University.
Internship Requirements• What is required in internship? • Internship is currently offered in the fall, spring for SC & MHC and summer
session for MHC. It is the culminating field experience in counseling that consists of 600 hours for school counseling students and 600 hours for mental health counseling students.
• Internship requires that at least 40% of the required hours (240 for school students and 240 for mental health students) must be completed in direct client counseling services, and a maximum of 60% of the hours in indirect activities.
• Internship class is typically scheduled on Thursday nights and meets approximately every other week generating a minimum average of at least 1.5 hours per week of group supervision.
• Individual site supervision must occur weekly for at least one hour each week. Site supervisors may require more individual or group supervision at their discretion.
• Individual supervision conducted by site supervisors may include one or two students per session, but no more than two students (triadic
• 3 semester hours of internship = 300 minimum hours of field experience.
PracticumCou 881•The practicum is one of the first
comprehensive professional experiences the counseling student will have. It is conducted in a professional setting outside the university to provide a clinical training experience under supervision and the student will have the opportunity to deepen their counseling skills in a field based experience.
Practicum (Cont.)• Practicum Skill Objectives• The practicum is designed to provide the student with an opportunity to practice and expand
his or her counseling skills in a setting other than the university environment. On-site supervisors will closely monitor student activities, provide effective and appropriate feedback, work in cooperation with university supervisors and encourage student participation in a variety of on-site activities.
• By the end of the practicum experience, students will be expected to demonstrate the following skills:
• Establishing and maintaining a client caseload.• Demonstration and application of appropriate counseling skills.• Development of specialized skills relevant to the requirements of the host site.• Establishing and maintaining effective working relationships with staff, supervisors and
colleagues.• Demonstration of willingness to meet professional obligations.• Demonstration of enthusiasm and commitment to the counseling profession.• Demonstration of a willingness to learn and sensitivity to feedback.• Demonstration of personal traits conducive to effective counseling, learning and professional
development.• Demonstration of ability to perform all counseling and related activities in an ethical and legal
manner.• Demonstration of willingness to explore and use community resources for referrals.
Practicum• What is required in practicum?• Practicum is currently offered only in the fall and spring semesters.
It is a field placement in counseling that consists of a minimum of 100 hours in a counseling setting plus individual and group supervision. This will include a minimum of 40 hours in direct client counseling services and a maximum of 60 hours in indirect counseling activities (what defines direct and indirect hours included below). Weekly individual supervision by the site supervisor and individual and group supervision provided by the university supervisor is in addition to the 100 hours in the field. Practicum class is typically scheduled on Thursday nights and meets for at least 1.5 hours per week average of group supervision and an average of 1 hour per week of individual supervision by the university supervisor and 1 hour per week of individual supervision by the site supervisor. (All students will have a total of 3.5 hours of supervision per week).
Direct/IndirectHours• What is the difference between direct counseling experiences and
indirect counseling experiences? • Direct counseling is interaction with clients that includes the application of
counseling, consultation, or human development skills. In general, the term is used to refer to time spent by practicum or internship students working with clients. To count as direct counseling experience, it must be face to face counseling or consultation done in a confidential setting. It is commonly referred to as billable time. Examples of Direct Counseling hours include:
• Individual, group, couple and family counseling• Classroom Guidance (note that in practicum)• Consultation (time spent in a confidential, private and formal session reviewing
a client/student with another service provider or significant other to assist them in assisting the client/student)
• Indirect counseling experiences are all other duties and experiences that do not fall into the direct counseling category, such as:
• Staffing, charting and reviewing records• Informal assessments and observations• Supervision
EKU Internship/Practicum Handbook
•http://www.education.eku.edu/cep/practicum_internship/practicum_internship.php
EKU HandbookSupervisory Agreement
• Site supervisors will not transfer weekly supervision to another person instead of the university approved supervisor without approval. The supervisee may seek additional supervision by qualified supervisors. The site supervisor will be available to students in person or by phone at all times and provide an alternative supervisor in case of any absence in supervision with complete contact information.
• Site supervisors will work with the student to develop a Supervision Plan and conduct weekly, individual, structured, regularly scheduled supervision experiences relative to the plan.
Supervision Agreement• If an emergency necessitates that the site supervisor
cancel the regularly scheduled supervision session, please re-schedule within the same week if possible.
• Site supervisors will provide your supervisee with access to supervision at all times in case of emergency or crisis in the practicum/internship setting. You may maintain electronic or physical access. If you are not available, please appoint a substitute supervisor for the supervisee. However, if you are gone for more than 2 weeks, the substitute must be approved by the university practicum supervisor.
Supervision Agreement• The field of mental health counseling is open to supervision outside
the field and believes there is something of value in cross discipline supervision from social work, psychology, psychiatry, expressive therapists, psychiatric nurses, family therapists, etc. The practicum/internship policy requires that the supervisee provide the site supervisor with a current copy of the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice which is available at www.counseling.org.
• Ethical standards indicate that counselors and other mental health professionals need to belong to their professional association. The practicum/internship policy strongly suggests that site supervisors belong to either their national or state professional association, such as the American Counseling Association or one of it's Divisions, the Kentucky Counseling Association, the Kentucky School Counseling Association, or the professional association of their mental health discipline.
Supervision Agreement•Site supervisors will review, verify, and sign
the supervisee's practicum/internship log on a weekly basis during the supervision hour which verifies the supervisee's work.
•Site supervisors will monitor the supervisee's direct and indirect counseling hours via the weekly log. A minimum of 40% of the practicum/internship required hours must be in direct counseling and a maximum of 60% of the hours may be indirect activities.
Supervision Agreement• Site supervisors will contact the university
practicum/internship supervisor immediately should any problems arise in the field that might affect the supervisee's grade, such as lack of skill development, unethical, unprofessional, or illegal behaviors. They will also make weekly contacts with the university supervisor to assure supervisee progress.
• Site supervisors will keep a set of supervision notes, copy of progress reports, and copy of midterm and final evaluations for their records and future liability issues. Please share these reviews with the student regularly and in writing with a remediation plan if necessary. Please work out all remediation needs with the university supervisor.
Supervision Agreement• Site supervisors will provide weekly live
observation or tape review of the supervisee's counseling skills. Please work with the supervisee on advanced counseling skill development relative to your setting. Video taping is required for Practicum Students.
• Site supervisors will screen clients for the appropriateness and level of competence of the supervisee. Please assist the supervisee with obtaining advance client permission so that they may begin seeing clients at the start of practicum/internship experience.
Supervision Agreement• The practicum/internship policy also indicates
that the supervisee is to directly report abuse after consulting with the supervisor and not leave the reporting only to the supervisor.
• The practicum/internship policy is that school counselor site supervisors must be school counselors who are currently practicing and certified at the appropriate level. In addition, they must spend a significant portion of their time actually counseling clients as opposed to management, clerical, and other non-counseling tasks.
Supervision Models
18
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Psychotherapy-Based Models
Cognitive-Behaviora
l
Bri
ef
&S
olu
tion
F
ocu
sed
Adlerian B
eh
avi
ora
l
Con
text
ual
Exi
sten
tial
Narr
ati
ve
Pers
on
-ce
nte
red
Psy
chod
ynam
ic
Str
uct
ura
l/st
rate
gic
Systematic
Sym
bio
tic-
exp
eri
en
tial
Post
mod
ern
M
od
els
of
Fam
ily
Th
era
py
Su
perv
isio
n
Pu
rpose
-S
yste
ma
tic
Supervision Models
19
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervision-Specific Models
Deve
lop
men
tal
Mod
els
Dis
crim
inati
on
Ecl
ect
ic
Inte
gra
ted
D
eve
lop
men
tal
Mod
els
Inte
gra
tiv
e
pro
bl
em
-ce
nt
ere
d
Myt
holo
gi
cal
Sch
em
a-
focu
sed
Inte
ract
ion
al su
perv
isio
n
Inte
rpers
on
al
Pro
cess
R
eca
ll (
IPR
)
Para
llel
pro
cess
Developmental Supervision
20
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Beginning Stage
Middle Stage
Ending Stage
Developmental Supervision - Beginning Stage
• Develop the relationship• Assess supervisee’s competencies• Educate • Monitor early experiences
21
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Goals
Developmental Supervision - Beginning Stage
• Primary responsibility• Encourage supervisee• Assess supervisee’s
strengths & weaknesses
• Develop goals• Review & sign
contract• Review supervisee’s
clients• Review policies,
procedures & ethics
• Seek & accept direction
• Discuss perception of strengths & weaknesses
• Provide supervisor with information requested
• Review & sign contract
• Set supervision goals• Practice safe &
prudent therapy within the structure provided
22
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisee
Supervisor
Developmental Supervision - Beginning Stage
• Educate supervisee in areas of need (ethics, liability, assessment, etc)
• Provide direct & consistent observation of therapy
• Provide structure for supervisory sessions
• Limit autonomy until competence in performance is evidenced
• Review policies & procedures for practice & seek clarification
• Be willing to take risks and practice within the boundaries of the supervisory relationship
• Question & hypothesize
23
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision - Beginning Stage
• Provide direct feedback often and combine with information and practice as needed
• Be available for direct intervention in critical incidents
• Review and approve all documentation
• Document supervisory activities
• Provide information to supervisor regarding wants and expectations of supervision
• Recognize that anxiety is normal and discuss concerns with supervisor
24
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Middle Stage
• Transition from dependency to independent practice
• Characterized by a struggle in the supervisory relationship ▫ Supervisee want to move forward ▫ Supervisors want to tread carefully
25
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Goals
Developmental Supervision – Middle Stage
• Role-play, provide ethical dilemmas, design “what if” scenarios to explore and discuss
• Explore various theoretical approaches
• Facilitate discussion of various treatment alternatives
• Practice presenting cases in a professional manner
• Explore theoretical orientation with supervisor
• Identify treatment techniques and strategies
26
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Middle Stage
• Provide supervisee with opportunities to discuss client issues from from supervisee’s perspective
• Share responsibility with supervisee
• Create opportunities for supervisee to struggle with decisions and consequences
• Initiate interventions independently
• Provide information to supervisor to assure client welfare
• Choose approach for case conceptualization and share with supervisor
27
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Middle Stage
• Reduce directive stance and encourage democratic decision making
• Provide formative feedback consistently, and develop a plan of action collaboratively with supervisee for improvement
• Document supervisory practice
• Come to supervision sessions prepared to initiate topics for discussion
• Provide feedback to supervisor on the supervision received and identify and voice perceptions of unmet needs
28
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Ending Stage
• Foster independence• Prepare supervisee for work as an
independent professional
29
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Goals
Developmental Supervision – Ending Stage
• Review goals and progress
• Listen to and encourage supervisee
• Monitor primarily through self-report and documentation with occasional direct observation
• Provide summative evaluation
• Articulate theoretical orientation, treatment alternatives explored, and course of action chosen
• Provide justification for any given course of action in treatment
• Recognize and identify skills for future development
30
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Ending Stage
• Take responsibility for termination of formal supervisory relationship
• Document supervisory process
• Assume primary responsibility for client welfare
• Review goals and progress
• Review learning during supervision
• Determine future goals and course of action
31
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Developmental Supervision – Ending Stage
• Acknowledge continued vicarious and direct liability throughout the supervisory relationship
• Be open to and seek evaluative feedback on the supervisory process, the structure of supervision, and specific supervision skills
• Think out loud while problem solving and conceptualizing client information
• Increase independent decision making
• Be self-supervising• Reflect on the
supervisory process and provide supervisor with evaluative feedback
32
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003).
Supervisor
Supervisee
Resources
Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (1992). Fundamentals of clinical supervision. Needham Heights. MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Borders, L. D., & Brown, L. L. (2005). The new handbook of counseling supervision. Mahwah, NJ: Lahaska Press.
Falvey, J. E. (2002). Managing clinical supervision: Ethical practices and legal risk management. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
33
Resources
Haynes, R., Corey, G., & Moulton, P. (2003). Clinical supervision in the helping professions: A practical guide. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
McAuliffe, G., & Eriksen, K. (2000). Preparing counselors and therapists. Virginia Beach, VA: Donning Company.
Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge: Harvard Press.
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