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DNA and the Cell CycleJEOPARDY!!
Discovery of DNA DNA structure and replication
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
Mitosis Potpourri
10 10 10 10 10
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10 10 Discovery of DNA
Which scientist discovered the presence of a transforming factor
while working with mice and pneumonia-causing bacteria?
1010
Griffith
Discovery of DNA
2020 Discovery of DNA
Using the conclusions of Griffith’s experiment, which scientists
discovered DNA to be the hereditary material?
20 20 Discovery of DNA
Hershey and Chase
3030 Discovery of DNA
Using models and the research of various other scientists, what were Watson and Crick able to discover?
30 30 Discovery of DNA
The structure of DNA, and thus were able to hypothesize DNA
replication
30 30 Community 1Community 1
4040 Discovery of DNA
What two macromolecules were suggested to be the transforming
factor, and how were they distinguished from one another in Hershey and Chases experiment?
40 40 Discovery of DNA
*DNA- phosphorus*Protein-Sulfur
50 50 Discovery of DNA
What were the results of Griffith’s experiment?
5050
Heat-killed pathogenic (harmful) bacteria mixed with living non-pathogenic (harmless) bacteria caused the formation of living pathogenic (harmful) bacteria.
Discovery of DNA
1010
The monomers of the nucleic acids are called…
DNA structure and replication
Nucleotides
1010 DNA structure and replication
2020
Identify two differences between Identify two differences between DNA and RNA.DNA and RNA.
DNA structure and replication
*DNA –thymine, deoxribose, *DNA –thymine, deoxribose, double stranded, longerdouble stranded, longer
*RNA- uracil, ribose, single *RNA- uracil, ribose, single stranded, shorterstranded, shorter
2020 DNA structure and replication
3030
Two polynucleotide strands are held Two polynucleotide strands are held together by 1._______ bonds, and together by 1._______ bonds, and the backbone of each strand is held the backbone of each strand is held
together by 2._______ bonds. together by 2._______ bonds.
DNA structure and replication
1. hydrogen1. hydrogen2. covalent2. covalent
3030 DNA structure and replication
4040
DNA Polymerase cannot start a new DNA Polymerase cannot start a new polynucleotide chain, but can only polynucleotide chain, but can only
extend one. What is required to extend one. What is required to mark the start? *be specific*mark the start? *be specific*
DNA structure and replication
*an RNA primer laid down by *an RNA primer laid down by RNA primaseRNA primase.
4040 DNA structure and replication
5050
Explain why DNA polymerase can Explain why DNA polymerase can only make a new strand in one only make a new strand in one
direction and why?direction and why?
DNA structure and replication
5050
5’3’; DNA polymerase can only attach to the 3’ –OH of the deoxyribose sugar at the end of the template.
DNA structure and replication
1010 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
Which enzyme unzips the DNA molecule?
Helicase
1010 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
2020
Why is DNA replication considered Why is DNA replication considered semi-conservative?semi-conservative?
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
One of the original strands of DNA is retained (“conserved”) in
the newly constructed strands.
2020 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
3030
What is the order of the Cell Cycle?What is the order of the Cell Cycle?
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
3030 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
G1SG2MCytokinesis
4040Johnny smokes cigarettes. The Johnny smokes cigarettes. The
DNA of Johnny’s body has DNA of Johnny’s body has become mutated due to exposure become mutated due to exposure to nicotine. He no longer contains to nicotine. He no longer contains
the correct gene instructions to the correct gene instructions to make certain surface proteins on make certain surface proteins on his cells. What could happen as a his cells. What could happen as a
result?result?
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
4040 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
The cells will not recognize one
another, will continue to divide although bumping into each other, and a tumor
can form.
5050
**What are the role of checkpoints in the cell
cycle?
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
5050 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
*help to ensure phases of the cell cycle are complete and accurate
before moving on to the next phase.
1010 Mitosis
What are the phases of mitosis?
1010 Mitosis
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
2020
What must happen to What must happen to complete cell division?complete cell division?
Mitosis
2020 Mitosis
CytokinesisCytokinesis
3030 Mitosis
During which phase of mitosis is the DNA split into chromatids?
3030 Mitosis
Anaphase
4040 Mitosis
What are the differences What are the differences between plant and animal between plant and animal mitosis?mitosis?
4040Mitosis
*no centrioles are used in a plant cell during mitosis (spindle fibers form spontaneously)*plant forms a cell plate, *plant forms a cell plate, instead of a cleavage instead of a cleavage furrow, during telophase furrow, during telophase leading into cytokinesisleading into cytokinesis
5050 Mitosis
A student observes a cell under the A student observes a cell under the microscope. She is able to see DNA. She microscope. She is able to see DNA. She also notices the formation of tiny threadlike also notices the formation of tiny threadlike structures.structures.
(1)(1)What phase of mitosis is she observing?What phase of mitosis is she observing?(2)(2)Why can she see the DNA?Why can she see the DNA?(3)(3)What are the tiny threadlike structures?What are the tiny threadlike structures?
5050 Mitosis
(1) Prophase(2) DNA has taken the form
of chromosomes(3) Spindle fibers
1010
My name is Bond, Ionic Bond;Taken, not shared!
MeiosisMeiosis
10 Population Growth
From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar>
Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the waterwhich one disolves faster?
A: The one in Alaska because it is
HIJKLMNO
10 Population Growth
Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson.
Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in.
Urine - The opposite of "You're out!"Benign: What we want when we are eight.
Intestine - Currently taking an exam
CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing
TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport
1010 Potpourri
What is the name of the strand of DNA synthesized continuously during replication?
1010Potpourri
The Leading Strand
1010 Population Growth
2020 Potpourri
The lagging strand is made in short fragments.
(1)What are these fragments called?(2)Why?
(1) Okazaki fragments(1) Okazaki fragments(2) Multiple primers are used since the strand is made (2) Multiple primers are used since the strand is made
away from the replication forkaway from the replication fork
2020Potpourri
3030Potpourri
What was Rosalind Franklin’s What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution to the discovery of contribution to the discovery of DNA?DNA?
3030Potpourri
*She used x-ray crystallography to take an image that showed the double helix structure of DNA.
3030 Population Growth
4040 Potpourri
What is the role of ligase in DNA replication?
4040 PotPouri
*It fills in the gaps on the lagging strand*helps to make sure there is no damage to the DNA once replication is complete
5050Potpourri
List the phases of the Cell Cycle in order. List the phases of the Cell Cycle in order.
5050 Potpourri
1.1. G1G1SSG2G2MMCytokinesiCytokinesiss
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