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8/3/2019 Definition, Scope, And Objective of 111 RDS
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DEFINITION, SCOPE, AND
OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
By Dr.Wedad Awliya
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DEFINITION
Operative dentistry is the science and art
dealing with the restorations of any fault
´Defectµ that occurs in the hard tooth
structures. It occupies about 70% of the
dentist time and necessitates the formation
of Cavities of specific design and form to
receive the filling ´restorative materialµ of
choice
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SCOPEOperative dentistry consists of all
procedures including preventive
measures by which teeth may beconserved and thus maintain the natural
masticating mechanism in such a state
that the general health will not beendangered
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THE DEFINITION OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY includes and scopethe following
1. Defects which affect the teeth
2. Restoration
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DEFECTS WHICH AFFECT THE TEETH
Pathologic:i. Dental caries
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ii. Developmental structural defects
Enamel Hypoplasia: Acquired condition
Causes:
Infections disease in childhood ´fever´
Trauma
Abscess to developing crown
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iii. Hereditary
Amelogenesis imperfecta: Hereditary abnormality
Insufficient amount of enamel, soft enamel, friableand easy lost
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iii. HereditaryDentinogenesis imperfecta: hereditary conditionTeeth appear yellow-brown to gray Enamel is fractured easily due to poor support
provided by the abnormal dentin
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iii. Hereditary
* Peg-shaped lateral incisor
* Hutchinson¶s incisor
* Mulbery molarsSeen with congenital
syphilis
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iv. Nutritional
* Enamel hypocalcification:incomplete calcification or Hardeningof enamel (hypomineralized)
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V. Formative*
Dens invaginatus and dens evaginate ordens in dente or tooth within a toothExaggeration or accentuation of the lingualpit
The cause is unknown
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Vi. Acquired tooth wear
* attrition(clenching and grinding, age)* abrasion( mechanical wear, wrong brushing
technique, biting pen or hard object)
* erosion (citrus fruits, acid containing drinks)
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discoloration
- extrinsic e.g. external stain(food, drinks,smoking)
- intrinsic e.g. dental fluorosis
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Accidental traumatic fracture of teeth.
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2. RESTORATION:Is an artificial substitute which replace the
missing portion of the hard tooth tissues.Restorations must not only retain the tooth to itsnormal form, function, strength, and esthetic, butthey must also provide for the health of the
supporting tissues.Faulty restorations are a common etiologicalfactor of periodontal disease. An unfavorableresponse of the periodontium will result inocclusal disharmonies. If not corrected, thus
causing traumatic occlusion.
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DENTAL CARIES DEFINITION ³ It is a disease of the calcified tissues of theteeth, characterized by a demineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of theorganic substance of the tooth´
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CAVITY
The term cavity refers to a defect inenamel, or in enamel and dentin, usually resulting from the pathologic process of
dental caries.
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Prepared cavities The performance of those
dental surgical procedures required to expose thecarious lesion, permit removal of affected tissues,and so shape the remaining dentin and enamel asto contribute to biologically and mechanically sound restoration
.
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RESTORA TIV E MA TER I ALSThe replacement of lost hard tooth structure cannot be
achieved without using the proper restorative dentalmaterials. This include:a. Temporary restorative materials
b. Permanent restorative materials
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PERMANENT RESTORA TIV E MA TER I ALS INCLUDE
Metal Polymers
Composite resinGlass-ionomer-cements
Acrylic
Ceramics
porcelain AmalgamGoldNoble metalCobalt-chromium-alloysNickel-chromium-alloya
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PERMANENT RESTORA TIV E MA TER I ALSDirect restorative materials
* Esthetic restorative materials (composite resin,Glass- ionomer cements and compomer)
* Metalic restoration (amalgam, gold foil)
Indirect restorative materials* Cast gold restoration
* Porcelain* Castable ceramic restoration
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OBJECTIV E OF OPERA TIV EDENTISTRY
Operative dentistry has five fundamentalaims
1. Diagnosis2. Prevention3. Interception4. Preservation5. Restoration
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DIAGNOSIS
Proper diagnosis of lesions including their* location* extent
Correct treatment planning including
* the design of tooth preparation* the selection of restorative materials and
procedure
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PRE V ENTION
The ultimate aim regarding dental caries is itsprevention, therefore, every step of an operativeprocedure must emphasize this. For example,
* Location of the margins* The shape (contour) of the final restoration
* Sealing of enamel faults- pits and fissuresPrevents any recurrence of decay and theirdefects
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INTER CEPTION
This procedure in operative dentistry refers topreventing further loss of tooth structure by stabilizingan active disease process
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PRESER V A TION
This includes* The vitality of the affected tooth* Re establishing of the important anatomy in
remaining sound tooth structure
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RESTORA TIONThe ultimate goal of operative dentistry treatment should
be restoration of health. This will include Restoring and maintaining form, function, phonetics
and esthetics Occlusal re establishment and stability
Not only to the teeth themselves, but also to theirsurrounding supporting tissues and to the entirestomatognathic system and to the welfare of the
whole patient.
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To achieve the ultimate goals of operative
dentistry, any restorative performance,requires
Sound clinical judgment in both mechanical and biological based on scientific and artistic knowledge
A high level of psychomotor skill ³Precision´.Operative dentistry demands a unique combination of psychomotor and affective skills.
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