+ Cognition UNIT 7B: p. 298-312. + Cognition: Thinking All the mental activities associated with...

+

Cognition

UNIT 7B: p. 298-312

+Cognition: Thinking

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.

+Organizing Information: Concepts and Prototypes

Bird

Color

Triangle

Motor vehicle

A sentence

A heroic action

A game

A philosopher

A writer

ConceptsDraw or describe each of the

following

+Solving Problems

1) Heuristics and Algorithms: The first one to figure out my password gets an automatic

100% on the next test. How will you go about solving this problem?

2) Insight: Something extraordinarily unusual happened on the 6th of

May, 1978, at 12:34pm. What was it? Can you translate the following into a sentence? 100204180 What occurs once in every minute, twice in every moment,

yet never in a thousand years? Can you translate the following? YYURYYUBICURYY4ME

+Creativity

When I say go, think of as many uses as you can for a paperclip Add up your total

number of uses and divide by two (giving you an average number/minute score

Average score: 4 (8 is unusually high, 12 is very rare, and 16 makes you better than one in a thousand.

Try to think of 4-8 things that might happen if we suddenly had three arms:

+Why we’re not very good at it sometimes...

Fixation—inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective Functional Fixedness exampes

Confirmation Bias: Political connections

+Heuristics: Mental Shortcuts

1) Representative2) Availability3) Anchoring

+Representative Heuristic

Representative Heuristic: To judge the likelihood of

things in terms of how well they represent particular prototypes

Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored in philosophy in college. As a student, she was deeply concerned with discrimination and other social issues, and she participated in antinuclear demonstrations. Which statement is more likely?

A. Linda is a bank teller

B. Linda is a bank teller and active in the feminist movement.

Aka...stereotyping...we judge people by the likelihood that they fit our representation of groups to which we feel they should belong.

+Complete handout 7B-5

Availability Heuristic: when we base our judgments on how mentally available information is.

+

Write down the last two digits of your student number

Estimate the price of the following items...

+Depth Finder

+Buddha Statue

+Picture of Lincoln

+Bamboo plant

+Raku Plaque

+Anchoring Heuristic

Organize yourselves in the following categories SS # 01-40 SS # 41-70 SS # 71-99

Average your estimates for each item

+Extra help on heuristics...

http://www.thepsychfiles.com/2011/06/heuristics-video-rules-of-thumb-explained-episode-151/