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This presentation describes work undertaken at TERI in the field of renewable energy based power cum cold storage solutions for rural areas, as presented at Power Industry India 2012, New Delhi. Copyrights - TERI. Please attribute credit to TERI.
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Solar Biomass Hybrid System For Cold Storage & Power Generation
Anand Upadhyay, Research Associate
The Energy and Resources Institute
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1. Background
2. Project
3. System details
4. Future plans
Background
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The Good • India is the 2nd largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the
world.
• Horticulture provides 6.5% of the countries GDP, 13% of employment and accounts for more than 9% of Indian exports with only 9% crop acreage.
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The Bad
Harvested fruits and vegetables, worth
Rs.60,000 crores (USD 12 billion) are lost due to lack of post harvest handling and storage
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and The Ugly…
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• Short fall of 10 million tones storage capacity
• Energy costs account for about 30% of operating costs.
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Small sized cold storages should be built…
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…should be built near agriculture field itself
In short…
Small sized cold storages should be built near agriculture field itself
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BUT… Poor power supply
Most of the Indian landscape is blessed with
perennial solar energy +
biomass in villages
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In 2006, TERI started working on a concept whereby indigenously available biomass and solar resources could be used to operate small, decentralized cold storage right at the village level
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Interactions…
Consultations with
• National Horticulture Board
• District Horticulture Offices
• Central Food Technological
Research Institute
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… Elaborate exercise to understand the field requirements.
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The System
• A 15 kW Vapor Absorption Machine (VAM) coupled with a 50 kWe Biomass Gasifier system and a field of solar collectors.
• Locally available biomass is used in the Biomass Gasifier to produce synthesis gas, which will then be used to run an engine to produce electricity.
• Additionally the heat energy from the sun and gasifier is being utilized by the VAM to produce cooling effect in the cold storage.
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The System
Cold Storage
Ammonia VAM
Biomass Gasifier Gas Engine
Solar Dishes
Electrical Power
The System
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Solar dishes
VAM
Gasifier system
Cold storage
To provide
• 50 kW clean grid quality power
• Cold storage facility for about 20 tonnes of fruits or vegetables.
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TRNSYS simulation results Initial cooling load profile after product
has been loaded in cold chamber
Cooling load over next 30 days after
product has been brought to storage
temperature
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TRNSYS
model
Project Site
Located in SEC campus, Gurgaon, near solar
parabolic trough collector field
N
The Beginning… 22 31-08-2012
Setting up of system
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Before & After
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BEFORE
AFTER
Technological USPs
• First of a kind in World
• Ammonia based VAM – GAX cycle – built for sub zero temperature State of the ART
• Biomass – TERI’s Advanced Gasification System
• Solar –Fixed focus concentrating dish
Renewable Energy
• Electricity generated from gasifier & gas engine Grid
Independent
• Integration of Biomass gasifier, Solar dishes and Ammonia VAM with Cold storage
System Integration
Specifications
Cold Storage capacity : 20 MT
Cooling Capacity : 15 kW
Cold storage Temperature : 0 to 5°C
Gas Engine capacity : 50 kWe
Biomass consumption : 60 kg/hr
Specific details on solar energy
• 30% thermal energy met using Scheffler dishes
• 4 dishes of 16 m2 each (from Thermax)
• Detailed hourly simulation done using TRNSYS
• Hybridization with biomass energy
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System at site
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Contd…
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Complete system
Size flexibility
Power Generation
Grid quality power for domestic,
community, and
productive loads
Cold Storage
Fruits
Vegetables
Flowers*
Dairy & Milk*
Fish & Meat*
Size
Cooling Duty
(15 to 50 kW)
Capacity
(20 to 100 MT)
Energy Requirement
Self Sufficient
Source
Biomass
Solar
Hybrid
* Under development
Derivative schemes
Energy side variations
Biomass
Solar
Technology
Absorption technology for
positive temperatures
Absorption technology for sub zero temperatures
Vapor compression technology for all
temperatures
Application
Horticultural
Non horticultural
Food processing
Deep Freezing
Mix ‘n’ match
• Biomass coupled with absorption Technology
Scheme A
• Solar & Biomass Hybrid Coupled with Absorption Technology
Scheme B
• Biomass coupled with vapor compression Technology
Scheme C
Adsorption technologies
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What all has been difficult
• Simulating the system for sizing and predicting performance
• Stakeholders !!! (in plenty)
• System integration
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Way forward
Current pilot system
• Long term monitoring and tests to optimize future systems
• System cost reduction
• Field replications
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Thank You!!! [email protected]
Sincere thanks to owners of the photographs (which have been used in this presentation) who have shared their wonderful work on internet, and without which the audience would have been sleeping. Thank you so much !
