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BIOMASS SUPPORTED SOLAR THERMAL HYBRID
POWER PLANT
INDEXIntroduction
Working principle of STPP
Proposed biomass supported STPP
Advantages
Conclusion
INTRODUCTIONUse of non-renewable energy cause
environmental pollution and also they gets depleted
Pollution free, freely available renewable sources are best alternative
Solar power plants are widely used but its main problem is variability
Biomass plants are also used but its fuel availability in large amount is difficult
INTRODUCTION contd..
To overcome the disadvantages of both power plants they are combined
By shared use of some of the equipments effective cost is less than simple addition
Effective operating hours and therefore overall energy generation is higher
Hence this can be considered as technology for future
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT
Need of solar thermal power plant is increasing due to increased fuel cost and environmental pollution
Working similar to conventional thermal power plant
Steam is generated through solar thermal energy instead of fossil fuel
METHODOLOGIES USED
Parabolic Trough Collector System
Parabolic Dish Focus System
Central Receiver System
Diagram of parabolic trough
WORKING . .Most cost effective and reliable among the
three
It is constructed as a long parabolic trough-shaped mirror, generally made of polished metal
Heat transfer fluid (usually oil) runs through the tube to absorb the concentrated sunlight.
Heat from this HTF is used to produce super heated high pressure steam
Diagram of parabolic dish STPP
Tracks the sun by rotating about two axes and rays are brought to a point focus
Receiver is placed at the focus
Working fluid in the receiver gets heated
Using this heat steam is produced
Steam drives a prime mover to generate electricity
Central Receiver System
WORKING . .
Solar radiation reflected from arrays of large mirrors which are called heliostats is concentrated on a receiver situated at the top of a supporting tower
A molten salt is used as working fluid and medium of thermal storage
Characteristics of STPP
Collects thermal energy from sunrise
When obtained energy is insufficient stored energy is used
Hence constant electrical output is obtained
Stored energy will be depleted sooner and thereafter no energy production
PROPOSED BIOMASS SUPPORTED STPP FOR STABLE AND CONTINUOUS OPERATIONLarge amount of budget will be required for
building of large storage system
Biomass supported plant can contribute to generate electrical energy continuously
An auxiliary boiler is used to heat water whose fuel is provided from the biomass plant
It maintain rated parameters of STHPP
Hence generate electrical energy stably and continuously
Solar thermal power plant with an auxiliary boiler
In addition an auxiliary boiler is placed
Fuel to boiler is provided from the biomass plant
Steam from the boiler is given to the turbine in case of insufficient solar radiation
Characteristics of STHPP with auxiliary boiler
Storage energy of STHPP remain almost constant throughout the day
So the electrical energy produced is stable and continuous
Thermal energy is relatively easier and less costly to store compared to electrical energy
Sensible heat storage is most commonly used heat storage
Thermal storage system of STHPP consists of two distinct tanks
CONTRIBUTION OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
CONTD . .One contains working fluid leaving the solar
reflector and other contains cooled working fluids leaving the steam generator
Tanks must be of same size, in case of unavoidable disturbances entire contents should be stored in one tank
Thermal energy is passed to storage if the temperature of heat source is higher than heat loads and vice versa
BIOMASS FOR STPPObtained from biological materials such as
plants, trees, waste, sewage gas etc
The effectiveness of power generation requires availability of biological materials and their transportation
Combustion gases from the auxiliary boiler are conveyed to flue gas cleaning system and cleaned gases are released to atmosphere
We must integrate the correct sources of energy for optimal power supply to a region
It depend on geographical characters of region, transportation, transmission and distribution lines
ADVANTAGE OF BIOMASS SUPPORTED STHPPRedundant energy is stored during sunny days
When the parameters of steam cannot reach rated value during insufficient solar radiation, then biomass plant starts to operate
Thus mixed steam reaches to rated value at exit of receiver
Ensures 100% use of renewable sources to generate electricity
Reduce pollution and increase the efficiency of STHPP
FURTHER RESEARCH FOR STHPP SYSTEMTo minimize the cost of large solar thermal
energy storage system
The operation of auxiliary boiler fed from biomass fuel should be more optimized and automatic for stable and reliable operation
CONCLUSIONEnsure to use 100% renewable sources
Stable and continuous mode of operation
The storage system of STHPP contributes to save biomass fuel that will increase the overall efficiency of the plant
This plant can be considered as most important modes to use solar thermal and biomass power in future
The world’s first plant combining biomass and solar thermal energy in
Catalonia
It can generate 25 MW of power enough to supply 75000 houses
It consist of almost 2,688 solar panels
Using this renewable energy plant will prevent 24,500 tones of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere.
REFERENCED. Mills, "Advances in solar thermal
electricity technology”
Z. Y. Ming and W. Jun, "Trough system and tower system”
G. Celli, et al., "Optimal location of biogas and biomass
generation plants"
WORKING . .
Used to drive Stirling engine to generate electricity
A Stirling engine is a heat engine operating by cyclic compression and expansion of the working fluid, at different temperature levels such that there is net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work( Stirling engine)
Alpha type Stirling engine. There are two cylinders. The expansion cylinder (red) is maintained at a high temperature while the compression cylinder (blue) is cooled. The passage between the two cylinders contains the regenerator
Alpha type Stirling engine
ABSTRACT
Non-renewable resources are in a edge of depletion
Energy efficient renewable sources are needed for our future
Biomass supported STHPP is a solution
Energy generation totally from renewable sources
Sources
Estimated cost/KW (in USD) Estimated combined
cost/KW (in USD )
Solar thermal plant 3,149
5,018
Biomass plant 1,869
ESTIMATED COST OF PROPOSED BIOMASS SUPPORTED SOLAR THERMAL HYBRID POWER
PLANT