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Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Economics and Regulatory Issues
with Cloud Computing
Fulvio Ananasso
Director of Studies, Research and Education
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Cloud Technology
Substantial absence of security and privacy issues
Visibility and control over data
High availability
Scalability and rapid ramp-up
Security and data control
Flexibility to move from public to private or viceversa
Public Cloud
Private Cloud
Hybrid Cloud
Source: Yankee Group
Source: Cisco Systems
Lower CAPEX and workload variability amortized
Multi-tenancy benefits
Concerns about security and privacy
1/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Source: Microsoft
Economics of cloud
Supply-side savings
Demand-side aggregation
Multi-tenancy
efficiency
Lower cost of labor & powerFocus on high value-added activitiesSecurity, reliability, interoperabilityDiscounts on hardware purchases
Variability of diversified utilization patterns
Fixed application labor amortized
Fixed component of server utilization amortized
Economies
of
scale
2/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Source: World Economic Forum 2009 Cloud Computing Survey
Standards for security & privacy
Governance and data control
Compliance and data sovereignty
Service-level agreements (SLAs) & interoperability between clouds
Switching costs
3/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
• Security & privacy;
• User protection;
• Telework policies;
• Electronic communications (web) applications;
• Virtualized content ownership / data sovereignty;
• TelCo’s–vs-Over the top (OTT) offering;
• Service / network neutrality;
• Standards & interoperability – e.g. SMEs;
• Clear contractual arrangements / switching costs;
• Transparency of operating conditions;
• …..
Relevant virtualization issues --from Regulators’ standpoint
4/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
To promote competition in the provision of electronic communications networks, electronic communications services and associated facilities and services by inter alia:
• ensuring that users derive maximum benefit in terms of choice, price, and quality;
• ensuring that there is no distortion or restriction of competition in the electronic communications sector, including the transmission of content;
• encouraging efficient investment in infrastructure, and promoting innovation.
To contribute to the development of the internal market by inter alia:
• encouraging the establishment and development of trans-European networks and the interoperability of pan-European services, and end-to-end connectivity;
• ensuring that, in similar circumstances, there is no discrimination in the treatment of undertakings providing electronic communications networks and services.
To promote the interests of the citizens of the European Union by inter alia:
• ensuring a high level of protection for consumers in their dealings with suppliers, in particular by ensuring the availability of simple and inexpensive dispute resolution procedures carried out by a body that is independent of the parties involved;
• contributing to ensuring a high level of protection of personal data and privacy;
• promoting the provision of clear information, in particular requiring transparency of tariffs and conditions for using publicly available electronic communications services;
• ensuring that the integrity and security of public communications networks are maintained; ….
Policy objectives and regulatory principles (Directive 2002/21/EC as amended by
Directive 2009/140/EC – Article 8)
5/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
• To ensure that undertakings providing public communications networks or publicly available electronic communications services take appropriate technical and organizational measures to appropriately manage the risks posed to security of networks and services. W.r.t. the state of the art, these measures shall ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk presented. In particular, measures shall be taken to prevent and minimize the impact of security accidents on users and interconnected networks.
• To ensure that undertakings providing public communications networks take all appropriates steps to guarantee the integrity of their networks, and thus ensure the continuity of supply of services provided over those networks.
• To ensure that undertakings providing public communications networks or publicly available electronic communications services notify the competent national regulatory authority of a breach of security or loss of integrity that has had a significant impact on the operation of networks or services.
Security and integrity (Directive 2002/21/EC
as amended by Directive 2009/140/EC -
Article 13)
6/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Article 20 (Contracts): To ensure that, when subscribing to services providing connection to
a public communications network and/or publicly available electronic communications
services, consumers, and other end-users so requesting, have a right to a contract with an
undertaking or undertakings providing such connection and/or services...
Article 21 (Transparency and publication of information): To oblige undertakings
providing public electronic communications networks and/or publicly available electronic
communications services to publish transparent, comparable, adequate and up-to-date
information on applicable prices and tariffs, on any charges due on termination of a contract
and on standard terms and conditions in respect of access to, and use of, services provided
by them to end-users and consumers ... Such information shall be published in a clear,
comprehensive and easily accessible form. National regulatory authorities may specify
additional requirements regarding the form in which such information is to be published.
Article 22 (Quality of Service): After taking account of the views of interested parties, to
require undertakings that provide publicly available electronic communications networks
and/or services to publish comparable, adequate and up-to-date information for end-users on
the quality of their services ... To specify, inter alia, the QoS parameters to be measured and
the content, form and manner of the information to be published, including possible quality
certification mechanisms, in order to ensure that end-users, including disabled end-users,
have access to comprehensive, comparable, reliable and user-friendly information….
End Users interests and Rights (Dir.
2002/22/EC as amended by Dir.2009/136/EC)
7/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Research Program ISBUL (*)(2008-2010)
(*) http://www.agcom.it/Default.aspx?message=contenuto&DCId=416
AGCOM initiatives on Contents
Sector Inquiry on Digital Contents(**)
(**) http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=5558&Search=libro_bianco_contenuti
Sector Inquiry on Copyright
protection(***)
(***) http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=3970; http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=5919
Sector Inquiry onVoIP/ P2P and Net
Neutrality (****)
(****) http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=5766; http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=5770
Research ProgramSCREEN (*****)
(2011-2012)
(*****) http://www.agcom.it/default.aspx?DocID=5442
time
8/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Program Management (AGCOM)
WP 1. The Information
Society: users,
contents & social
networks
Task 1.1.
The Users
Task 1.3.
Social networks
Task 1.2.
Contents
WP 2. The demand
for digital
services
WP 3. The offering of
digital services &
Future internet
WP 4. The markets of
digital services &
contents
Task 2.1.
Digital divide
Task 1.2.
e-inclusion
Task 3.1.
Services for users
and enterprises
Task 3.3.
Future internet:
scenarios
Task 3.2.
The application
platforms
Task 3.4.
Future internet:
enabling factors
Task 4.1.
Innovation in digital
services markets
Task 4.3.
Internet economy &
search engines
Task 4.2.
The competition in
new markets
AGCOM
Universities / Research Centers
2011 Research Program “Services & Contents for
NGNs” (SCREEN)9/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
“tag cloud”
Prosumer
Netcitizen
End-User Innovation
Social Network
Persuasive
Media
Internet of things
Future Internet
Copyright & Copyleft
Net Neutrality
BlogsWeb 3.0
Telework
Telemedecine
Content Unlocking
E-learningSCREEN
Telepresence
Cloud Computing
10/10
Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione
F.Ananasso – Skills 4 Cloud – 18 April 2011www.agcom.it
Thanks for your attention !!!