Mineral Resources and Initial Development Corridor Analyses in Afghanistan, Jerry Garry, 2011

Mineral Resources and Initial Development Corridor AnalysesDevelopment Corridor Analyses

Afghanistan

Jerry Garry Deputy Team Leader, GIZIS CBAGS, SDNRP Phase 1

Afghanistan Resource CorridorWorkshop – Sponsored by the World Bank

August 3‐4, 2011

Copyright GIZ 2011 25.08.2011 Page 1

PROJECT IN BRIEF

World Bank Initiative • Concept Paper Initiated by World Bank• GIZIS‐Projeckt Consult engaged Raw Materials to provide some initial analyses• June 2011 , Delivery of concept by World Bank, GIZ June Extractive Industries Workshop

Paper “The Case for an Afghanistan Development Corridor”• Preliminary assessment of mineral resources• Preliminary assessment of mineral resources• Options for Infrastructure• Possible integration of development• Using Hajigak as anchor for bulk transportationUsing Hajigak as anchor for bulk transportation

Enhancement and Promotion of the Concept• Preliminary analyses of phased mineral resources development within the corridors

• Ongoing analyses of the corridor – collection of geodata and other d /i f i


data/information.

Stages in Mineral Assessment

• Mineral endowments can be ONLY be converted to ASSETS through systematic and rigorous work.

Mi l f ll i l b l• Mineral resources follow stringent global classification system

10 Years


Geology and Minerals

Data and information mainly from Soviet and yprevious geological surveys ‐‐‐ Some 30 years old . Application of new concepts and techniques


Minerals by Commodity TypeMinerals by Commodity Type

Afghan’s rich and diverse mineral endowment

Kabul


Minerals by ResourcesMinerals by Resources

Approx. 7% of all

mineral occurrences have some Kabul

inferred resource


Mineral occurrences and deposits with insufficient data

Mineral Resources by IRR RankingMineral Resources by IRR Ranking

Only 1% of all deposits have padequate data

Kabul

Mineral occurrences and deposits with


Mineral resources with sufficient data (17 out of 1030)

Mineral occurrences and deposits with insufficient data

Significant Mineral DepositsSignificant Mineral DepositsS ti lSamti placer

(≈250,800oz Au)Sherberghan Oil & Gas (15.68TCF gas, 2.9MMton oil)

Balkhab VMS Cu

Vedakur vein Hajigak Iron Ore (1 1bt F ) (≈30,800oz Au)

REE Pegmatite ≈19,000t Lithium

Sangilyan (1.48mt barite)

(1.1bt Fe)

Aynak sedimentary (5.5mt Cu)

19,000t Lithium

Bakud

Shaida Cu

Zarkashan skarn

Bakud sedimentary

(4.2mt fluorspar)Logar Chromite (≈84,000t Cr203)

(≈250,000 oz Au)

Kudalyan skarn ( 140t C 907 A )

Dara I Nur skarn (≈0.8mt Zn & Pb)

Kalay Asad skarn


(≈140t Cu, 907oz Au)(≈0.48mt Zn & 0.1mt Pb)

Prospective Mineral BeltsProspective Mineral Belts

Seberghan Oil & fi ldOil & gas fields

Iron and Rare Earths

Hindu Kush Copper-gold & Iron Belt

Iron ore Belts

Hajigak Iron ore

Iron and Rare Earths

Base Metals

Aynak Copper

Tethyan ExtensionCopper-gold, lead-zinc

and iron


Mineral Resource CorridorsMineral Resource Corridors

Infrastructural Alignment

Possible Hajigak Sherbeghan– Herat Corridor Sherbeghan –Hajigak ‐Aynak Corridor

Aynak─TethyanAynak─Tethyan Mineral Belt Corridor

Copyright GIZ 2011 25.08.2011 Page 1025.08.2011

Kabul DC

Indicative "KabulIndicative Kabul SDI/DC : Sherberghan-Kabul-gKandahar-Reko Diq -Gwadar Port (100km b ff )buffer)


Corridor 1

Sherberghan‐Hajigak‐Aynak (Mineral Resources & Prospectivity)

Coal

Copper

Lead Zinc

Coal

cluster of

Iron

copper occurrences + 2 significant deposits, chromite


Significant limestone, marble and granite resources

Mineral Corridor 2

(1) Access to(1) Access to seaport(2) Extension of Tethyan porphyryTethyan porphyry copper‐gold belt


Prospectivity of AfghanistanTethyan Mineral Belt ‐ porphyry Cu‐Au


Tethyan Mineral Belt

Confirmed extension of highly prolific copper‐gold belt in Afghanistan


From Leaman, BHP

Economic significance

Mine since 1906 (105 years)years)

Bingham Cu Mine, SC, USA

US$1 8 billion metals mined in

Mining since 1906 (104 years)

4 km wide by 1.2 km deep pit

C id 2 d th t f Af h h


US$1.8 billion metals mined in 2006 production

Corridor 2 and other parts of Afghan has potential for such large porphyry resource

Linkages - Example

Population

Temporal and spatial Analyses

Population

The development of the Kabul DC would open up a corridor of opportunity for the p p pp ypopulation residing within the footprint


Linkages Linkages -- Example Example

Agriculture : gEstimates pre Soviet invasion place agriculture responsible for 50% of GDP.


Linkages - Example

General Land use


Future Work

Collection and Spatial / temporal analysis of:

Collection of new dataCollection of new dataCollection of basic geodata by Afghanistan Geological SurveyExploration by private sector +10 years

K i l d it d i t d tKnown mineral deposits – and associated resource rents

The high potential areas for more deposits

Existing infrastructureExisting infrastructure

Options for proposed infrastructure

Land‐use other (existing or potential) land uses such as agriculture andLand‐use, other (existing or potential) land uses such as agriculture, and

business parks, tourism, parks, protected areas

Cultural layers such as population density, livelihoods,Cultural layers such as population density, livelihoods,

Flora , fauna, water resources


Conclusion

There is a prima facie case for a Development Corridor (DC) runningThere is a prima facie case for a Development Corridor (DC) running from the border with Turkmenistan (Sheberghan) to Kabul (Hajigak & Aynak), to Kandahar, to Saindak & Reko Diq in Pakistan and on to the port of Gwadar.port of Gwadar.

This DC could impact on the majority of the population of Afghanistan and if the spatial & sectoral linkages are optimised, it could make a p g p ,significant contribution to broad-based growth & development in the country and have a major impact on poverty alleviation. This DC could also enhance intra-regional trade & development and could facilitate greater regional economic and political integration. However, this conclusion is predicated on a normalisation of the security situation


Technology

Mineral Resources and Initial Development Corridor Analyses in Afghanistan, Jerry Garry, 2011