Mineral Resources and Initial Development Corridor AnalysesDevelopment Corridor Analyses
Afghanistan
Jerry Garry Deputy Team Leader, GIZIS CBAGS, SDNRP Phase 1
Afghanistan Resource CorridorWorkshop – Sponsored by the World Bank
August 3‐4, 2011
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PROJECT IN BRIEF
World Bank Initiative • Concept Paper Initiated by World Bank• GIZIS‐Projeckt Consult engaged Raw Materials to provide some initial analyses• June 2011 , Delivery of concept by World Bank, GIZ June Extractive Industries Workshop
Paper “The Case for an Afghanistan Development Corridor”• Preliminary assessment of mineral resources• Preliminary assessment of mineral resources• Options for Infrastructure• Possible integration of development• Using Hajigak as anchor for bulk transportationUsing Hajigak as anchor for bulk transportation
Enhancement and Promotion of the Concept• Preliminary analyses of phased mineral resources development within the corridors
• Ongoing analyses of the corridor – collection of geodata and other d /i f i
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data/information.
Stages in Mineral Assessment
• Mineral endowments can be ONLY be converted to ASSETS through systematic and rigorous work.
Mi l f ll i l b l• Mineral resources follow stringent global classification system
10 Years
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Geology and Minerals
Data and information mainly from Soviet and yprevious geological surveys ‐‐‐ Some 30 years old . Application of new concepts and techniques
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Minerals by Commodity TypeMinerals by Commodity Type
Afghan’s rich and diverse mineral endowment
Kabul
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Minerals by ResourcesMinerals by Resources
Approx. 7% of all
mineral occurrences have some Kabul
inferred resource
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Mineral occurrences and deposits with insufficient data
Mineral Resources by IRR RankingMineral Resources by IRR Ranking
Only 1% of all deposits have padequate data
Kabul
Mineral occurrences and deposits with
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Mineral resources with sufficient data (17 out of 1030)
Mineral occurrences and deposits with insufficient data
Significant Mineral DepositsSignificant Mineral DepositsS ti lSamti placer
(≈250,800oz Au)Sherberghan Oil & Gas (15.68TCF gas, 2.9MMton oil)
Balkhab VMS Cu
Vedakur vein Hajigak Iron Ore (1 1bt F ) (≈30,800oz Au)
REE Pegmatite ≈19,000t Lithium
Sangilyan (1.48mt barite)
(1.1bt Fe)
Aynak sedimentary (5.5mt Cu)
19,000t Lithium
Bakud
Shaida Cu
Zarkashan skarn
Bakud sedimentary
(4.2mt fluorspar)Logar Chromite (≈84,000t Cr203)
(≈250,000 oz Au)
Kudalyan skarn ( 140t C 907 A )
Dara I Nur skarn (≈0.8mt Zn & Pb)
Kalay Asad skarn
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(≈140t Cu, 907oz Au)(≈0.48mt Zn & 0.1mt Pb)
Prospective Mineral BeltsProspective Mineral Belts
Seberghan Oil & fi ldOil & gas fields
Iron and Rare Earths
Hindu Kush Copper-gold & Iron Belt
Iron ore Belts
Hajigak Iron ore
Iron and Rare Earths
Base Metals
Aynak Copper
Tethyan ExtensionCopper-gold, lead-zinc
and iron
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Mineral Resource CorridorsMineral Resource Corridors
Infrastructural Alignment
Possible Hajigak Sherbeghan– Herat Corridor Sherbeghan –Hajigak ‐Aynak Corridor
Aynak─TethyanAynak─Tethyan Mineral Belt Corridor
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Kabul DC
Indicative "KabulIndicative Kabul SDI/DC : Sherberghan-Kabul-gKandahar-Reko Diq -Gwadar Port (100km b ff )buffer)
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Corridor 1
Sherberghan‐Hajigak‐Aynak (Mineral Resources & Prospectivity)
Coal
Copper
Lead Zinc
Coal
cluster of
Iron
copper occurrences + 2 significant deposits, chromite
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Significant limestone, marble and granite resources
Mineral Corridor 2
(1) Access to(1) Access to seaport(2) Extension of Tethyan porphyryTethyan porphyry copper‐gold belt
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Prospectivity of AfghanistanTethyan Mineral Belt ‐ porphyry Cu‐Au
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Tethyan Mineral Belt
Confirmed extension of highly prolific copper‐gold belt in Afghanistan
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From Leaman, BHP
Economic significance
Mine since 1906 (105 years)years)
Bingham Cu Mine, SC, USA
US$1 8 billion metals mined in
Mining since 1906 (104 years)
4 km wide by 1.2 km deep pit
C id 2 d th t f Af h h
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US$1.8 billion metals mined in 2006 production
Corridor 2 and other parts of Afghan has potential for such large porphyry resource
Linkages - Example
Population
Temporal and spatial Analyses
Population
The development of the Kabul DC would open up a corridor of opportunity for the p p pp ypopulation residing within the footprint
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Linkages Linkages -- Example Example
Agriculture : gEstimates pre Soviet invasion place agriculture responsible for 50% of GDP.
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Linkages - Example
General Land use
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Future Work
Collection and Spatial / temporal analysis of:
Collection of new dataCollection of new dataCollection of basic geodata by Afghanistan Geological SurveyExploration by private sector +10 years
K i l d it d i t d tKnown mineral deposits – and associated resource rents
The high potential areas for more deposits
Existing infrastructureExisting infrastructure
Options for proposed infrastructure
Land‐use other (existing or potential) land uses such as agriculture andLand‐use, other (existing or potential) land uses such as agriculture, and
business parks, tourism, parks, protected areas
Cultural layers such as population density, livelihoods,Cultural layers such as population density, livelihoods,
Flora , fauna, water resources
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Conclusion
There is a prima facie case for a Development Corridor (DC) runningThere is a prima facie case for a Development Corridor (DC) running from the border with Turkmenistan (Sheberghan) to Kabul (Hajigak & Aynak), to Kandahar, to Saindak & Reko Diq in Pakistan and on to the port of Gwadar.port of Gwadar.
This DC could impact on the majority of the population of Afghanistan and if the spatial & sectoral linkages are optimised, it could make a p g p ,significant contribution to broad-based growth & development in the country and have a major impact on poverty alleviation. This DC could also enhance intra-regional trade & development and could facilitate greater regional economic and political integration. However, this conclusion is predicated on a normalisation of the security situation
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