Using Technology to Manage Information

Chapter

14

Distinguish between data and information and explain the role of management information systems in business.

List the components and different types of information systems.

Outline how computer hardware and software are used to manage information.

Describe the networking and telecommunications technology and types of computer networks.

1

Learning Objectives

Discuss the security and ethical issues involving computer information systems.

Explain the steps that companies go through in anticipating, planning for, and recovering from information system disasters.

Review current trends in information systems.

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4

5

6

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Data– raw facts and figures Information– knowledge gained from processing data

Information system– organized method for collecting, storing, and communicating information on operations

Chief information officer– executive responsible for directing information systems and operations

Information Systems

Computer Hardware

Computer Software

Telecommunications and Computer Networks

Data Resource Management

Components of Information Systems

Operational Support Systems Transaction Processing System Process Control System

Management Support Systems Management Information System (MIS) Decision Support System (DSS) Executive Support System (ESS)

Types of Information Systems

The tangible elements of a computer system

The components that store and process data, perform calculations

Input devices like the keyboard and mouse allow users to enter data and commands.

Storage and processing components consist of the hard drive and other storage components like flash drives.

Computer Hardware

Desktop (personal) computers

Server Mainframes Supercomputers Notebook computers Handheld devices– PDAs and smart phones

Types of Computers

Programs, routines, and computer languages that control a computer

Operating System Windows Operating System Mac Operating System

Application Software Microsoft PowerPoint Quicken

Computer Software

The Internet Local Area Networks (LAN) Wide Area Networks (WAN) Wireless Local Networks (Wi-Fi)

Intranets Virtual Private Networks (VPN) Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Computer Networks

E-Crime Computer Viruses

Worms Trojan Horses Spyware

Security Issues

Use of information systems by employees and vendors: Personal use Privacy

Organizational use of information: Employment records Employee monitoring Customer data

Ethical Issues

Natural Disasters Power Failures Equipment Malfunctions

Software Glitches Human Error Terrorist Attacks The most basic precaution– backup.

Disaster Recovery and Backup

90% of firms that

sustained a loss of

critical data went

out of business

within two years.

90% of firms that

sustained a loss of

critical data went

out of business

within two years.

The Distributed Workforce Employees who work in virtual offices

Application Service Providers A firm that provides computers and application support

On Demand, Cloud, and Grid Computing Renting software time

Information Systems Trends