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Welcome!!!Innovations in Sustainable Housing
Green Building Best Practices(3) Credit Continuing Education Course
How Green are You?Please complete our questionnaire, located in your presentation folder,
before class begins. Thank you!!
Innovations in Sustainable Housing
Green Building Best Practices
(3) Credit Continuing Education Course
…and a great class!
Continuing Education Providers are subject to audit by the State of
Connecticut
Please:Mute your cell phone
Use electronic devices judiciously
Remain in attendance until the end of the class (or we can’t issue your credits)
Thank you!
Your Credits….Are submitted electronically to the State of Connecticut by Tiger Real Estate School
Tiger Real Estate School will email you a Certificate of Completion within 14 days
Please make sure we don’t land in “spam” and be sure to save your Certificate where you can find it
There is a $25.00 fee to reissue a Certificate
A Brief History of Green Building
1970’s increase in oil prices
Need for greater energy efficiency, renewables
1989 AIA formed a committee to study impact of buildings on environment
1992 AIA release “Environmental Resource Guide” funded by EPA
1992 EPA & DOE create Energy Star
1993 USGBC
1993 Greening of the White House
1998 USGBC starts LEED program
The Year is 1957…Dwight Eisenhower is elected President for the 2nd time“Leave it to Beaver “ premiers on TVAverage price of a home is $20,000 - Average annual income $4,500Price of gas $.24 – Loaf of bread $.19
Two professors from MIT design an affordable and highly flexible house
Partner with Monsanto and Disney to build their vision of what a home might look like in 1985
The House of the Future, built of plastic, opens in Disneyland…
Monsanto House of the Future
Open for 10 years – 20 million visitorsTorn down in 1967Would not go down without a fightWrecking balls literally bounced off the glass-
fiber, reinforced polyester materialTorches, jackhammers, chain saws and shovels
did not workFinally, choker cables were used to squeeze off
parts of the house bit by bit to be trucked away
During a 2014 presentation on the House of the Future
MIT Museum Architecture Curator Gary Van Zante stated,
“In the end, Monsanto found that the idea of living in a plastic house was an idea
that the public would not accept. The public did not like to be enclosed in plastic.”
Energy Efficient Home in 1978
Environmentally Friendly Features—Good for Earth and Wanted by clientsNAR 2014 Profile of Buyers and Sellers
Green Building &Sustainability
Most quoted definition of sustainability:
“Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs."
Source: Our Common Future, 1987, Oxford University Press
EPA Definition of Green Building
Green building is the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient
Takes into account building's life-cycle from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and deconstruction
Expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort
Green building is also known as a sustainable or high performance building
Source: EPA
EPA Definition of Sustainability
Sustainability is based on a simple principle
Everything that we need for our survival and well-being depends, either directly or indirectly, on our natural environment
Sustainability creates and maintains the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, that permit fulfilling the social, economic and other requirements of present and future generations
Sustainability is important to making sure that we have and will continue to have, �the water, materials, and
resources to protect human health and our environmentSource: EPA
Sustainability Green Building
The differences
Why is this information important?
Rising energy costsHeightened consumer awarenessResponsible building practicesMoral and economic imperativeEnhanced/emerging technologies are
less expensive and more readily available
State and federal guidelines/initiatives
Green Growth…National Association of Home Builders reports that
as of the first quarter of 2014, housing contributed $2.47 trillion to gross domestic product
Since 2005, the green share of new single family residential construction has grown dramatically— increasing from 2% in 2005 to 23% in 2013. This 23% market share equates to a $36 billion market opportunity
This information is important because
Green = Green $$$$It’s the future – hop on
board!!
Definition of Greenwashing
Disinformation disseminated by an organization so as to present an
environmentally responsible public image
It’s whitewashing, but with a green brush
3rd Party Green Building Ratings and Certifications
Green Building Certifications
ENERGY STAR for Buildings ProgramHome Energy Rating SystemLEEDNational Green Building StandardPassive HouseGreen GlobesLiving Building ChallengeNet Zero Energy Building
How New Homes Earn the ENERGY STAR
Complete Thermal EnclosureComplete Heating and Cooling.Complete Water Management SystemEnergy-Efficient Lighting and Appliances
Energy Star is an EPA certification program
Here’s how it works: Step 1: Builder Chooses to Partner �
with ENERGY STAR
Step 2: Builder Works with the Rater to Select Appropriate Energy–Efficient Home Features
Step 3: Builder Constructs Home and Rater Verifies Features and Performance
Step 4: Rater Qualifies the Home as ENERGY STAR and Issues an ENERGY STAR Label
HERS Home Energy Rating
System - is an evaluation of energy efficiency and forecasted energy costs within a home
Established RESNET
HERS INDEX
Compares homes under construction with a reference home that meets the 2006 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION CODE
Factors in results of: Blower door test Duct leakage test Insulation inspection
HERS Index
How HERS Is Applied…
Connecticut Zero Energy Challenge – New residential construction project
Completed in 2014
1st Place: Benker Residence, Glastonbury, CT 3,440 square feet
Designer/Builder: Glastonbury Housesmith LLC, Glastonbury CT
Winning Categories: Lowest Overall HERS Index, Lowest HERS Index without Renewables (tied), Lowest Projected Annual Net Operating Cost
Energy Efficient Home today…
What is LEED? (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)
Delivers third-party verification that a space was designed and built using best-in-class strategies to address its entire life cycle
Commercial buildings and neighborhoods - must satisfy all LEED prerequisites and earn a minimum of 40 points on a 110 point rating scale
Homes must earn a minimum of 45 points on a 136 point scale
The 8 LEED Categories
1.Innovation and Design: 11 points 2.Location and Linkages: 10 points 3.Sustainable Sites: 22 points 4.Water Efficiency: 15 points 5.Energy and Atmosphere: 38
points6.Materials and Resources: 16
points 7.Indoor Environmental Quality: 21
points8.Awareness and Education: 3
points
National Association of Home Builders
The main categories within the National Green Building Standard include:
Lot and site developmentResource efficiencyEnergy efficiencyWater efficiencyIndoor environmental qualityOperation, maintenance, and building owner
education
National Green Building Standarda/o June 2015 – approximately 53,000
certified homes in USA
The Passive HouseWorld's leading standard in energy efficient construction
Quality, comfort and energy efficiency
Require very little energy to achieve a comfortable temperature year round Conventional heating and air conditioning systems obsolete
Passive House Certification
(PHIUS) - Passive House Institute US was founded in 2007 and offers a Passive House certification
“Passive” in “passive house” refers to achieving overall energy savings of 60%-70%
90% of space heating without applying expensive “active” technologies such as photovoltaic's or solar thermal hot water systems
The Passive House explained…
The Passive House in practice…
Other Green Building Ratings/Certifications
Green Globes – online assessment and rating tool used in US and Canada, owned/operated by Green Building Initiative
Living Building Challenge – ILFI - global, 7 petal performance areas, very high degree of sustainability
Net Zero Energy Building – ILFI - 100% of energy needs supplied by on-site renewable energy on a net annual basis.
What is a Life Cycle Assessment?
ELEMENTS OFGREEN BUILDING
SitingDesignConstructionOperationMaintenanceRenovationDeconstruction
Where to Build?Assessing and Comparing
Potential Building Sites
Considerations – new house or renovate
Community – relationship between a building and the larger community
Site choice – previously impacted or “Greenfield site"
Previously Impacted – Consider building on a degraded site
Mixed-use development is conducive to bicycling and walking, so it can reduce the
use of automobiles
Evaluating “Greenfield Sites”
Site assessments should examine:
TopographyVegetationPrecipitationSolar energyHistory of the land
Topography Ground Water
Site Assessments
Vegetation Wildlife Habitat
Site Assessments
SITING THE STRUCTUREBuild on disturbed
portions of a siteProtect and celebrate a
site’s uniquenessMinimize distances from
utilitiesTake advantage of natural
shadingPre-plan septic systems
Minimize Impact
Utilize disturbed portion of site
Driveway Walkway
Protect Wetlands
House Design Consideration
Type of HousingStand alone – single family
Co-housing
Clustered
Multi-family units
Clustering Advantage
Driveways can be shared
Excavation costs for utilities can be reduced
Open space can be protected
Design to Optimum Size
Design for Durability
Design for Accessibility and
Adaptability
Accessible Design Wider doors Entry without stairs Barrier free shower
Key services on first floor Sinks/Countertops wheelchair friendly
Transfer ledge/grab bars in bathroom
Which design is more energy efficient?
Tall and Boxy
Less surface area relative to square footage of floor?
Low House
More surface area relative to square footage of floor?
Connecticut Zero EnergyChallenge
Homes that consume almost no energy. Homes that produce energy on-site. Homes with cleaner air. Advanced designs and integrated systems that are changing the way we think about residential construction.
The CT Zero Energy Challenge is a design and build competitionthat awards cash prizes to its winners, while educating and
demonstrating how to build super high-efficiency homes.
2012 First Place Winner Harwinton Ct
Test Your Energy IQ!! Building don’t have to
be new to be efficient. In fact, one of the oldest building to earn the EPA’s ENERGY STAR was built in?
1798 1820 1904 1938
Cambridge Savings Bank, Cambridge, Mass
Built in 1820
Structural Building Systems
Wood framingTimber framingInsulated constructionSteel framingMasonry ConstructionUnique Construction
Advanced framing techniques can reduce the amount of wood used for framing and allow more room for insulating materials
Engineered Lumber
Timber Frame Construction
SIPS Truss Framing
Insulating Concrete Forms
Choosing the Building System Considerations:
Builder familiarity
Cost
Traditional house style
Balance environmental choices
Energy Efficient Design
•Integration Project PlanningPreliminary Rating
Integrated Project Team
•Energy ConsumptionTop priority
Fossil fuel supply
Super-insulated, Airtight Envelope
Insulation materialsThermal mass Air tightness Moisture controlToo tight
Energy System Boundary
Understanding “R” values in building materials
Whole wall R value
is about halfof the insulation’sR value
Structural Insulated PanelSIP
Eliminates the thermal bridge that occurs with conventional frame construction.
SIP houses are very tight and insulate extremely well.
Spray FoamInsulation
Spray In PlaceCellulose
WINDOW SELECTION
Solar gain ratingWindow orientation
What to look for in windows
Glazing Sashes and frames Performance ratings
Energy-Efficient design
http://www.efficientwindows.org/factsheets_existing/Connecticut.pdf
The best windows effectively block heat loss/gain
1. 2.
3. 4.
5.
ENERGY PERFORMANCE RATINGS (IN ORDER OF IMPORTANCE)
Created by NFRC to help buyers compute the energy performance on windows
HEATING EQUIPMENT SELECTION
Heat distribution system type
FHA/Hydro-air Hydronic (baseboard) Radiant – floor Electric – baseboard, heat-pump Heat pump – air source, ground source
Wall Mounted Condensing Gas Boiler
Radiant Heat
Geo-Thermal
Ground Source Heat Pump
Basement Geothermal Equipment
HEATING EQUIPMENT SELECTION
Fuel comparison – cost/BTUElectric – most expensiveNatural gas/wood – least expensive
Heating system efficiency Combustion/Heat distribution
Combustion safety Proper ventilation/Sealed combustion is the safest
COOLING SYSTEMS
Cooling Requirement Reduction
Ventilation cooling
Mechanical – A/C
Reduce Cooling Loads
Geothermal Cooling
WATER HEATING
Second Highest Energy Consumer
Tankless coil – FHW SystemIndirect water heater – separate
storage tankInstantaneous on demand water heater
- betterSolar water heater - bestHot water distribution
How does a tankless water heater work?
Hybrid Water Heater
Solar Hot Water Heating
B R E A KB R E A K
15 MINUTE15 MINUTE
2014 – 2016 (3) Credit Continuing Education Courses
Don’t Let Water Intrusion Sink Your Deal! Smart Energy Updates for Existing Homes Innovation in Sustainable Housing – Green Building Best PracticesThis Old Connecticut House Minimize Your Risk, Maximize Your Earnings Environmental Issues – Evolution to Resolution What to Expect When We’re Inspecting! Mold to Sold! Residential Building Practices
Your Opinion Matters….
Before the end of class, please take a moment to complete our evaluation form…
Zero Net Energy Zero net energy means that a home uses no more energy from the electrical grid over a given period than it produces on
site
Designed to exceed minimum code standardsIncorporates advanced design and
construction techniques
CT Zero Energy Challenge
The CT Energy Efficiency Fund's Residential New Construction (RNC) Program allows homeowners to build the home of their dreams while earning incentives for energy efficient construction and geothermal heat pumps.
This program will help homeowners achieve the greatest level of energy efficiency by using reliable, advanced building techniques and high-quality materials
Green Building can be affordableNew Haven Register, May 2014
Test Your Energy
IQ!!
True or False? A cell phone power adapter that is plugged into an outlet only uses electricity when a cell phone is plugged into it?TrueFalse
Test Your Energy IQ!
Which uses the most energy in American homes each year?
LightingWater HeatingHeating & CoolingRefrigeration
Heating and Cooling accounts for 36% 36% of energy
use!
Cost/Year How much electricity do your appliances use?
Energy Guide
ENERGY STAR qualified bulbs use about 75% less energy than standard incandescent bulbs and last up to 10 times longer.
They can also save you up about $30 or more in electricity costs over each bulbs lifetime.
LIGHTING
Incandescent light bulbs
Fluorescent lighting
LED – light emitting diode
LED/Fluorescent Lamps
Connecticut Zero EnergyChallenge
2nd Place Winner
Old Greenwich ConnecticutHigh-efficiency tank-less hot water heaters, air conditioning units and a natural gas boiler. The garage features an electric vehicle charging stationEquipped with a sophisticated circuit breaker that connects to the Internet and can show a homeowner just how much energy is being used at any given time
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Production of energy needs without producing net CO2 emissions
PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY
Direct gain system
Thermal storage wall
Sunspace – separate room
Sun tempering - orientation
To optimize passive solar heating, the longer axis of the house should be oriented east-west, providing more area for south-facing windows.
Masonry walls capture & store heat
Brick thermal storage wall
Sunspaces provide additional living space, a place to grow plants and provide heat to the house
Instead of electric bulbs Tubular SkylightWindows
Skylights
Tubular skylights
Natural Daylight
A 14 inch diameter skylight will provide the light output of several 100 watt incandescent light bulbs.
PHOTOVOLTAICS (PV)
Direct conversion of sunlight
Utilizes a semiconductor to create electron flow
PV Roofing protects from the elements and also generates electricity
Newest solar product
Pleasing to Homeowners
Not as visually apparent as standard solar electric modules
Dow Power House Video
One Minute Break – Your Opinion Matters….
Please take a moment to complete our evaluation form…
WOOD ENERGY
Environmental Mixed Bag
Pellet Stove
Out Door Wood Fired Boiler
WIND POWERCosts compete with
conventional power generation
Wind farms created for efficiency
Nantucket Sound – South of Cape Cod
A long-simmering disagreement within the environmental community over a plan to build a massive wind farm off the coast of Cape Cod, Mass., is now boiling over into a highly public quarrel.
Wind Turbine Video
Material & Products for Green Building
Select products that support your effort to create a healthy environment for your home without
hurting the planet in the process
Green Products CriteriaLife cycle impacts
are lowFloor tile made of recycled
glass is green because it is made from waste material
Fluorescent bulb is green because it reduces energy consumption
Products that Are made with salvaged,
recycled, or agricultural waste products
Conserve natural resources Avoid toxic or other
emissions Save energy or water Contribute to a safe, healthy
indoor environment
Green Building Materials
Creating A Safe Indoor Environment
ELIMINATE BAD INDOOR AIR QUALITY
FIRST, eliminate material or pollution source, if not
SECOND, isolate from living space
THIRD – mechanically ventilate (exchange internal air 2-3 times)
Healthy Indoor Environment
Strategies for avoiding moisture problems
Eliminate moisture sourcesInstall quiet bathroom fans Install a kitchen range hood fanEnsure proper flashing and roofing detailsProvide roof overhangs
Paper rain screen
HEALTHY INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Design to control radonDesign to eliminate
need for pesticide treatment
Keep garage separate from house
Design to minimize exposure to EMF
Design to Control Radon Designing and
building a house for radon control involves planning ahead so that a radon-mitigation system may be seamlessly installed should it become necessary.
Detached garage for better air quality
Attached garages must be extremely well-sealed
Choosing Products And Materials For the House
Avoid combustion appliances that are not sealed-combustion
Minimize use of wall-to-wall carpetingAvoid standard particleboardChoose zero-VOC or low-VOC paints,
finishes, caulks, and adhesivesSeal products to trap harmful chemicals
Vented Ventless
Gas Fireplaces
Low/Zero VOC Paint
Ventilation Strategies
Mechanical ventilation is strongly recommended for indoor air quality control
Exhaust-only ventilationBalanced ventilationCold climate
Exhaust Only
Ventilation
Kitchen & bath fans exhaust stale air
Replacement air enters through passive air inlets
Balanced Ventilation System
Incoming and outgoing airstreams balance one another
Heat in the outgoing airstream can be captured with an HRV or ERV
RESPECTING and CONSERVING WATER
Home Water ConservationWater-efficient plumbing fixtures and appliances
Hot water distribution
Design landscape to conserve water
Toilets, Showerheads, Faucets1992 conservation act
mandated water conserving plumbing fixtures
1.6 gallons per flush, many are less than 1.3 gallons
Saves 30,000 gallons per year – over $100
Rainwater HarvestingRainwater & snowmelt are captured
Stored in a cistern, filtered, then used for a variety of indoor functions
Bathing
Toilets
Kitchen
Drinking
Garden
Wastewater
Septic systems can be better designedComposting toilets – use biological
decompositionGray water recyclingRe-circulating sand filter – site than can’t
support a conventional septic systemBuild an artificial constructed wetland
Gray water separation and treatmentCollect water from showers, bathroom, sinks, washers for surface irrigation
A storage tank can be used to accept gray water
Water is then released slowly to plants
Managing storm waterImpervious surfaces prevent water filtering into aquifer -
Goes to storm sewers instead
STORM WATER CONSERVATION METHODS Cluster homes Minimize impervious surfaces (driveways) Avoid directly connected impervious surfaces Harvest rooftop rainwater Use porous pavement materials Avoid curbs –allow flow to vegetation Avoid steep slopes Avoid unnecessary soil compaction
CONSTRUCTION WASTE
Reduce job-site waste Buy building materials with minimal packaging Buy building materials made from recycled waste
ReuseReuseReduceReduceRecycleRecycle
Re-using job-site waste
Renovation Re-use whatever you can
Recycling job-site waste Develop a waste management plan Separate waste for recycling
Proper disposal of non-recycled waste Don’t bury Don’t burn Bring to proper sites
Your Opinion Matters….
Before the end of class, please take a moment to complete our evaluation form…
Green Building and The Landscape
Landscaping with
Energy Conservation
In mind
Plan to ConservePlantings that require little or no water and are sited properly
Plantings that are naturally resistant to pests
Minimize turf
Naturalize areas
“Don’t blow it –good planets are hard to find.”
-Quoted in Time
Landscaping With A Purpose
Aesthetically pleasingProvides ShadeBlocks wind – funnels breezesProvides FoodProvides habitat for wildlifeHelps increase solar gain
Soil amendments
Very little turf
Carefully selected plantings
Generous use of mulch
Once established this will be drought tolerant
Federal & State Tax Credits
State: www.dsireusa.org Federal: www.energysavers.gov
Green Building for the next generationHonda presents the Smart Home of
the future…
Consumer ReportsPresents…
The Kitchen of
the Future!
East River (NY) Tidal Turbines
Four 100 Kilowatt tidal turbines, each 6 x 8 feet, will turn the wild currents of the East River into electric current
Another alternative energy source…..
Catching the Wavein the Northwest
Ocean Power Technologies By 2015 wave and tidal power could be generating 2.7 gigawatts of electricity worldwide vs. just 264 megawatts in 2009.
Seoul, Korea in the year 2026Urban Communities will change with high rise apartment towers built in an expanse of green space, creating openness to offset the compact privacy of the residences.
Architecture in Foliage – the park is on the tower
Thank you!
Q U E S T I O N S ???