KELOMPOK 3

Politik: Hegemoni

Anggota:

Afriandri Hilman

Dean Salisa

Gina Fujawati

Ibnu Husein

Rahmi Ayunda

Rian Antono

Rio Arsyad

Hegemonia

DominationHegemon

Leader

Hegeisthai

To Lead

Hegemony is the dominance of one group over other groups without the threat of force, to the extent that, for instance, the dominant party can dictate the terms of trade to its advantage; more broadly, cultural perspectives become skewed to favor the dominant group. Hegemony controls the ways that ideas become “naturalized” in a process that informs notions of common sense

Hegemoni adalah sebuah rantai kemenangan yang didapat melalui mekanisme konsensus (consenso) dari pada melalui penindasan terhadap kelas sosial lain. (Gramsci, 1976:244).

United States

US Policies in the UN

±80 Vetos (1970-2012)With more than 40 related to issues in the

Middle East• US, Nuclear, and Iran• Israeli attack on Gaza

• Lebanon, Israel, and US

UNITED STATES of AMERICAThe United States did not exercise its first veto until 1970, on a resolution regarding Southern Rhodesia, which is present-day Zimbabwe.

Since then, it has used its veto 79 times, with more than 40 related to issues in the Middle East.

The majority have been resolutions that have criticised the Israeli government or failed to condemn armed Palestinian factions in the same language as that being used for Israel.

It used its last veto to block a resolution that would term Israeli settlement activity in Palestinian territory "illegal" and demand a halt to all such actions.Susan Rice, the US ambassador to the UN, said her country "reject[ed] in the strongest terms the legitimacy of continued Israeli settlement activity", but the resolution "risk[ed] hardening the positions of both sides" and moving them away from negotiations.

(source:http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/02/201225152330761377.html)

U.S Policy in the Middle East

“For many decades, successive U.S.administrations have defined U.S. nationalsecurity interests in the Middle East asensuring access to Middle East oil, containingany aspiring regional hegemonic powers, andlimiting the proliferation of weapons of massdestruction..” ( Cato Institute, 2009:539)

“Washington has tried to achieve thiscomplex set of goals primarily through anetwork of informal security alliances—especially with Israel, Saudi Arabia, andEgypt. ” ( Cato Institute, 2009:539)

“The collapse of the Camp David talks and thestart of the second intifada, followed by 9/11,demonstrated the high costs Americanswould have to pay to maintain a dominantposition in the Middle East, both as a militarypower and as a promoter of the peaceprocess.” ( Cato Institute, 2009:542)

“In the meantime, many Israelis andPalestinians are interested in keeping theUnited States entangled in the conflict. Fewseem prepared to resolve the conflict on theirown. However, the U.S. government does nothave to sustain the same level of involvementin the conflict that it maintained during thecold war.” ( Cato Institute, 2009:545 )

US AID

United States Agency for InternationalDevelopment :

Badan Independen dari pemerintah AS yangbertanggung jawab atas bantuan untukbidang ekonomi, pembangunan, dankemanusiaan untuk negara-negara lain didunia.

Amerika

Penyebaran Ideologi

Hegemoni Usaha dan upaya pencitraan

Conclusion

CATO INSTITUTE

The Cato Institute is a non partisipan libertarian think tankheadquartered in Washington D.C. the Institute states that it favourspolicies “that are consistent with the traditional American principles oflimited government, individual liberty, and peace”. Cato scholarsconduct policy research on a broad range of public policy issues, andproduce books, studies, op-eds, and blog posts.Where ideology and science part company, Cato favors ideology, asshown by their open letter published in newspaper in 2009 disputing thestate of the science on climate change.