INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME

(IWMP)

Brief overview of the Programme,With special attention to 07(Seven) L.W.E.

Affected Blocks.District: BIRBHUM

West Bengal

Wha

t???

?

It is a participatory Watershed Management for conserving rain water & other valuable natural resources for potential use of un-tapped & under-tapped resources to bring out changes of agricultural production and to rural livelihood in the RAINFED ECO-SYSTEM.

Previous Watershed Programmes like IWDP (Hariyali & Pre-Hariyali), DPAP, NWDPRA, etc. now brought under the umbrella of IWMP

Contd………

PIAPIA

WDTWDT

WC

DISTRICT LEVEL

PROJECT LEVEL

WATERSHED LEVEL

MICRO-WATERSHED LEVEL

WCDCWCDC

STATE LEVEL

WBSWDAWBSWDA

Organisational Set Up

Aims and Objectives

To bring out incremental

changes in Agro-based

production in RAIN-FED

AREAS. Out of 88,75,200 Ha

about 38,59,000 Ha of

rain fed area of West

Bengal is yet to be

brought under the ambit

of Watershed programme.

The thrust area is the integration of un-tapped natural farm, social resources, fallow lands, forest lands and cultivable as well as un-cultivable wastelands.

The basic reason of non-utilisation to its potential is under-attended & un-tapped.

Why the approach is towards integrated management?

Grim picture of poverty, water scarcity, rapid depletion of ground water table and fragile ecosystem.

Land degradation due to soil erosion by water, low rainwater use efficiency, high population pressure, acute fodder shortage, poor livestock productivity, under investment in water use efficiency, lack of assured and remunerative marketing opportunities and poor infrastructure.

 

Main objectives of watershed programme

• Conservation, development and sustainable management of natural resources (arable & non-arable lands, water, animals, vegetation and social) including their use.

• Enhancement of agricultural productivity and production in a sustainable manner.

• Restoration of ecological balance in the degraded and fragile rain-fed eco-systems.

• High water use efficiency

• Livestock, Pisciculture, other household production / development

• Development / conversion of waste land.

• Reduction in regional disparity between irrigated and rain-fed areas.

• Creation of sustained employment opportunities for the rural community including the landless.

 

contd…

Criteria for selection & prioritisations of Watershed Areas

1) Acuteness of drinking water scarcity.

2) Extent of over exploitation of ground water resources.

3) Preponderance of wastelands / degraded lands.

4) Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed / treated.

5) Willingness of village community to make voluntary contributions, enforce equitable social regulations for sharing of common property resources, make equitable distribution of benefits, create arrangements for operation and maintenance of the assets created.

6) Proportion of scheduled castes / scheduled tribes.

7) Area of the project should not be covered under assured irrigation except in ‘over exploited’ areas. [Assured irrigation means - actual area irrigated through STW, DTW, RLI and canals etc.]

8) Productivity potential of the land.

9) Incomplete / under-treated / left-over watersheds taken up previously for development under any scheme / programme can be taken up for development on priority basis.

 

Basic Criteria For Identification of Project Areas

Single Project Area = Geo-hydrological units of average size of 1000 to 5000 Ha, comprising of clusters of MICROSHEDS.

If a small portion of a GP is lying outside the IWMP Watershed Boundary, that portion can be covered.

On the contrary, if a meagre portion of a GP is covered then that GP can be ignored.

It is suggested that to downsize the number of Micro-Watersheds limited to 04 or 06 by way of clubbing the Geo-Hydrological units together to avoid future complication.

Roadmap

Major ActivitiesEPACAPACITY BUILDING

Group Formation

SHG UG

Participatory Planning

Soil & Water Management

Entry Point Activities

• Basically it is a confidence building measures and rapport building among the community.

• Provision of safe drinking water.

• Educational Sector• Intervention in Health

Sector• Domestic livestock

development

• Water body Development in the interest of the people.

• Encouraging the community for the use of Non-Conventional energy.

:Please Note:1. No high cost activities i.e.

building construction, purchase of vehicles,etc.

2. Don’t encourage any activities which is/can be done by other line activities or any other Govt. sponsored schemes/ projects.

CAPACITY BUILDING MEASURES

• Awareness campaign to be

organised categorically in each &

every village, GP, Blocks about

the need of Watershed

Management.

• Secondly, organising training

programme on the activities of

WSD in convergence with the

demand of the local community.

• The motto should be to develop

the ability of activity of the

community in WSP.

Group Formation

SHG 10 to 20 members having no land or

having land less than 01 Acre can form a group.

Minimum age limit of the members would be less than 18(Eighteen)

Several members from one single family can also form a GROUP but that should be separate and exclusive.

The members should deposit minimum of Rs 50/-(Rupees Fifty)

Women participation may be given utmost preference

Please note that existing SHG’S under SGSY,NABARD or managed by other departments may not be included but defunct SHG’s may be rejuvenated. The aim should be to form new GROUP.

USER GROUP 15 to 20 members having land more than

01(one) Acre. Minimum age limit of the members would

be less than 18(Eighteen Several members from one single family

can also form a GROUP but that should be separate and exclusive.

The members should deposit minimum of Rs 50/-(Rupees Fifty)

This User Group should protect and maintain the assets produced.

Group Formation

SHG 10 to 20 members having no land or

having land less than 01 Acre can form a group.

Minimum age limit of the members would be less than 18(Eighteen)

Several members from one single family can also form a GROUP but that should be separate and exclusive.

The members should deposit minimum of Rs 50/-(Rupees Fifty)

Women participation may be given utmost preference

Please note that existing SHG’S under SGSY,NABARD or managed by other departments may not be included but defunct SHG’s may be rejuvenated. The aim should be to form new GROUP.

USER GROUP 15 to 20 members having land more than

01(one) Acre. Minimum age limit of the members would

be less than 18(Eighteen Several members from one single family

can also form a GROUP but that should be separate and exclusive.

The members should deposit minimum of Rs 50/-(Rupees Fifty)

This User Group should protect and maintain the assets produced.

Participatory Planning

It has been practically observed that there has been severe lapse in PEOPLE’S PARTICIPATION.

NEED,DEMAND,EXPERIENCE and ASPIRATION of the common people should be reflected in the Watershed Programme

PRI Institutions should be actively incorporated the programme. There shall be a mechanism of social audit. It will be wise to prepare the plan from the Gram Sansad level. The PIA should include all the Govt. Line Departments during

preparation and plan

Soil & Water Management

Reasons of Soil erosion due to

water:

1. RAINDROP EROSION.

2. LAYER EROSION

3. EROSION DUE TO SMALL SIZED

DRAIN, CANAL, etc.

Reasons of scarcity of water:

4. Un-planned use of water in

agricultural sector.

5. Excessive use of ground-water.

6. Proper preservation and lack of

utilization of new technical

methods in agricultural sector.

Soil & Water conservation

A. Vegetative Methods

1) Contour wise plant fencing & canal

excavation

2) Grass waterways/vegetative strip

3) Strip cropping/inter-cropping/alley-

cropping

B. Mechanical methods

1) Contour-dam

2) TRENCHE

3) Excavation & exploration of water

bodies.

4) Cross dam &Seepage tank

5) Anti-evaporant / cover on

waterbodies

6) Rock fill dam

Please note that above points are

merely suggestive but not

EXHAUSTIVE.

To Conclude::::::::::

We must keep in mind that every Watershed Area has its own natural resources and challenges typical to that geographical areas.

Hence generalization of the concept of watershed management is not applicable to all.

Therefore this presentation is simple layout to implement IWMP as per the need, demand,& aspiration of the local community and increase the livelihood status of the common man.

THANKS