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Topics Overview: Turnover and Retention Truths About Turnover How Do We Find Out What Is
Causing Turnover? Employee Burnout Succession Planning
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Overview What causes attrition? How can agencies improve retention
rates? What retention problems are unique
to the public sector?
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Truths About TurnoverAdapted from Branham, Keeping the People Who Keep You in Business
Truth #1: Turnover
Happens
So focus on keeping the best.
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Truth #2: Some Turnover Is Desirable
Zero turnover is actually not desirable.
New employees bring new ideas and keep things from becoming stagnant.
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Truth #3: Turnover is Costly
The cost of replacing a lost employee, including productivity cost can be between one and two and a half times the salary of the job in question.
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Truth #3: Turnover is CostlyTurnover Costs
Direct Costs:Recruitment Advertising.................Applicant Expenses........................Selection Testing...........................Medical Exam/Screening.................Background Check.........................
Indirect Costs:Employment Office Overhead..........Orientation Time...........................Training Time................................Reduced Productivity......................
Actual/Estimated Costs
$______________$______________$______________$______________$______________
$______________$______________$______________$______________
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Truth #4: Money is Not the Answer
In survey after survey, money ranksfar behind things like:
Meeting a Challenge
Using One’s Talents
Having a Good Manager
Opportunity for Advancement
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Truth #4:Money is Not the Answer
Agencies focused on retention will find a way to:
Show employees that results are valued.
Recognize important contributions.
Provide a sense of ownership.
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Truth #5: Reasons Good People Leave - Management1. Management demands that one person
do the job of two or more.2. Management cuts back on
administrative help, making professional workers take on those tasks.
3. Management puts a freeze on raises and promotions.
4. Management doesn’t give the rank and file a sense of ownership.
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Truth #5: Reasons Good People Leave - Management
5. Management constantly reorganizes and shuffles things around.
6. Management doesn’t clarify goals or decisions.
7. Management shows favoritism for some employees over others.
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Truth #5: Reasons Good People Leave - Management
8. Management relocates offices to another site forcing employees to resituate their commute.
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Truth #5: The Top Ten Reasons Good People Leave
9. Management promotes someone who lacks training or necessary experience to a supervisory position.
10. Management creates a structure that has internal departments competing against each other instead of cooperating.
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Truth #6: Reducing Turnover Takes Commitment
When senior management is notcommitted, organizational policies, practices, and culture can undermineretention efforts.
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Learning to Stop Attrition Climate and Satisfaction Surveys
offer direct feedback from current employees.
Exit Interviews offer insight of employees that have made the decision to leave.
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The Art of the Exit Interview
In-depth questions reveal trouble spots.
Avoid “top of mind” answers by following up.
Ask if there is anything that might be done to help a good employee stay.
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Interviews vs. Surveys
People are less likely to give candid answers in person than in an anonymous environment like a survey.
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Asking the Right Questions Establishing Expectations:
1. What brought you to this agency?
2. What drew you to this position?
3. What were your expectations from this job?
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Asking the Right Questions Evaluating Management:
1. Did you get the support you needed from your management?
2. What, if anything, could management have done to prevent your leaving?
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Asking the Right Questions Job Satisfaction:1. What is your primary reason for
leaving?2. What are you satisfied with?3. What are you dissatisfied with?4. Compensation
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Asking the Right Questions Open-ended Questions
Choice (multiple vs. single answer)
Matrix Questions
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Asking the Right Questions
Demographics: Age Sex Position Time-in-Service Education Next Step in the Career Plan
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Acting on Answers Employers need to act on interview
and survey results if they are to be effective.
If employees perceive that answers do not lead to action, they will give up on the process. (Why go through the trouble to interview or survey if you’re not going to do anything with the results?)
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Agenda
Definition of Burnout Background Myths Why Is Burnout Important? Causes Signs Implications
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Burnout
Emotional exhaustion, apathy and reducedpersonal accomplishment resulting from
prolongedstress, overwork or intense activity
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Background “Burnout” coined in 1980 by Herbert J.
Freudenberger Academic roots in human services Nursing/Medicine Education Eligibility Work
Law Enforcement Social work
Academia and private employers are paying more attention to it as globalization and technology are changing the workplace.
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Background Globalization Outsourcing, mergers, layoffs – Same/more
work to do by fewer people A service-based economy rather than a
manufacturing-based one – more work based on building relationships with others
Technology E-mail, instant messaging, mobile
communication devices allow for a much more demanding and fast-paced workplace
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Myths
It is a problem and the responsibility of the individual, not the workplace
Problems outside of work are interfering with job performance
An attitude problem – always complaining but not taking responsibility for one’s own actions
A sign of weakness, instability or misfit for the job
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Myths An inevitable--but manageable--part of
working life Personal problems call for personal
solutions – get rest, get help or get out There’s not much an organization can do
to solve it
But these assumptions fail to take the problem into context
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Why Is Burnout Important?
Burnout is costly to individuals and the workplace
Reduced productivity due to poor morale Employee sickness Employee backlash in the form of
sabotage or theft Potential loss of best employees – those
who care the most tend to burn out first
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Why Is Burnout Important Workers compensation, law suits The spending of time and money for
recruiting & training Public relations problems & lost
business The future of the
company/organization and society
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Causes Work overload Lack of control over work Insufficient Reward Breakdown of Community Absence of Fairness Conflicting Values
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Signs Anxiety Sleeplessness Sickness Irritability toward colleagues and
family Cynicism Depersonalization Thoughts of leaving the job
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Implications Not an individual problem – it’s a
workplace problem Employees want work that is challenging
and rewarding, but when the environment is conducive to burnout, employees will be able to put less and less energy into their work.
Show appreciation for work done and reward accomplishments
Allow employees flexibility and autonomy over their work
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Implications Ask for employee input about changes or
disturbances before implementing them Mentality should be “An ounce of
prevention is a pound of cure” instead of “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.”
Resolution will have to constantly evolve as the workplace evolves, so effective communication is key.
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Succession Planning “The King is dead. Long live the King!” Human resource management strategy
aimed at mitigating organizational loss incurred by retirements and other forms of separation through HR forecasting.
Identifying and grooming candidates for key positions through career path development, coaching, and mentoring.
Also refers to large number of separations through mass retirement.
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Demographics Baby Boomer: 1946 - 1964
29.4% of eligible workforce*
Generation X: 1965 - 197514.2% of eligible workforce
Generation Y: 1976 - 1999less than 6.7% of eligible workforce
*2005 Bureau of Labor Statistics
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Retirement Social Security full retirement age ranges
from 65 to 67, depending on year of birth. Public Safety occupations often allow
retirement at an earlier age.• Example: Police and firefighters in SF can retire at age 50.
Baby Boomers currently ages 42 to 60. U.S. life expectancy*:
• Male - 75.02 years• Female - 80.82 years
*CIA World Fact Book, 2006
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Impact on Public Sector
Immediate impact on Public Safety occupations (Police, firefighters), because of earlier retirement ages.
Healthcare costs continue to rise. Massive retirements will place strain on pension plans- which typically provide better healthcare benefits than those found in the private sector.
Public health professions may experience significant increases in caseload size as Baby Boomers’ health declines.