Collabora'ng  Across  Agency  Lines  

Marshall  Fisher  Mississippi  Director,  Gulf  Coast  HIDTA  

William  Holmes  MD  Medical  Director  for  Foster  Care  Cenpa'co  

Roy  Van  Tassell  MS  LPC  Director  Trauma    Evidence-­‐Based  Interven'ons  Cenpa'co  

Disclosure  Statements  

•  Marshall  Fisher  has  disclosed  no  relevant,  real  or  apparent  personal  or  professional  financial  rela'onships.  

•  William  Holmes  has  disclosed  no  relevant,  real  or  apparent  personal  or  professional  financial  rela'onships.  

•  Roy  Van  Tassell  has  disclosed  no  relevant,  real  or  apparent  personal  or  professional  financial  rela'onships.  

Learning  Objec'ves  

1.  State  the  benefit  of  building  strategic  coopera'on  between  local,  state,  and  federal  law  enforcement  agencies.    

2.  Evaluate  tools  for  sharing  data,  ideas,  and  undercover  tac'cs  for  officers  to  inves'gate  Rx  drug  abuse  violators.    

3.  Construct  a  strategy  for  officers  to  take  home  in  order  to  collaborate  across  agencies.  

Law  Enforcement  Interven'on  in  Parent  Substance  Use  

When  Children  are  Present  Panel  Discussion  

William  Holmes  MD  Medical  Director  for  Foster  Care  Cenpa'co  

Roy  Van  Tassell  MS  LPC  Director  Trauma    Evidence-­‐Based  Interven'ons  Cenpa'co  

A  Relevant  Scenario  

•  Imagine  you  arrive  at  a  scene  of  a  reported  disturbance  as  others  are  running  from  scene  you  see  a  minority  teen  male  remaining  

•  As  you  drove  up  you  saw  him  picking-­‐up  a    handgun  from  the  ground  

•  An  officer  also  just  arriving  shouts  for  him  to  “stop,  and  lay  face  down  on  the  ground”    

•  The  teen  now  looks  toward  you  as  you  arrive…  Hold  that  thought….  We’ll  get  back  to  you  both  

The  State  of  the  Union  

•  8.3  Mil  kids  lived  w/  @  least  one  parent  dependent  upon  alcohol  or  drugs  in  2007  survey  

•  In  U.S.  someone  dies  of  drug  OD  every  19  Min      •  Since  1999  Rx  painkiller  scripts  have  quadrupled  •  6.1  Mil  Americans  abused  Rx  drugs  in  2011  (down  from  2010)  •  But  number  of  deaths  from  Rx  drugs  doubled  since  1999  •  Rx  deaths  are  more  than  those  for  heroin  and  coke  combined  •  Drug  OD  deaths  now  exceed  motor  vehicle    deaths  in  29  

states  

Sources:    Trust  for  America’s  Health;  childwelfare.gov;  Na'onal  Survey  on  Drug  Use  and  Health;  CNN    

It  Magers  to  Us  All  

Kids  from  homes  w/  substance  abusing  parents:  •  Homes  are  more  chao'c,  unpredictable,  violence  

exposed  at  home  &  in  community  •  Receive  less  supervision  •  Child  needs  take  back  seat  to  parental  needs  /ac'vi'es  •  Prenatal  drug  exposure  (fragile,  low  b/wt.  premature)  •  ½  to  2/3  of  maltreatment  cases  involve  parent  sub  abuse  

•  Low  SES  and  many  social  problems  •  More    likely  to  be  re-­‐vic'mized  or  abuse  others  

Not  Just  a  Mental  Health  Problem  

       “The  overrepresenta'on  of  people  with  SMI  or    Co-­‐Occurring  Disorder  (COD  )in  the  criminal  jus'ce  system  has  a  significant  impact  on  the  recovery  path  of  these  individuals,  creates  stress  for  their  families,  and  has  an  effect  on  public  safety  and  government  spending.”  

Blandford,  A.  &  Osher,  F.  (2012).  A  Checklist  for  Implemen>ng  Evidence-­‐Based  Prac>ces  and  Programs  (EBPs)  for  Jus>ce-­‐Involved  Adults  with  Behavioral  Health  Disorders.  Delmar,  NY:  SAMHSA’s  GAINS  Center  for  Behavioral  Health  and  Jus>ce  Transforma>on.  

Becoming  Trauma  Aware  in    Criminal  Jus'ce  

•  “there  is  consensus  that  high  percentages  of  jus'ce-­‐involved  women  and  men  have  experienced  serious  trauma  throughout  their  life'me.      

•  The  reverbera'ng  effect  of  trauma  experiences  can  challenge  a  person’s  capacity  for  recovery  and  pose  significant  barriers  to  accessing  services,  onen  resul'ng  in  an  increased  risk  of  coming  into  contact  with  the  criminal  jus'ce  system  “  

                                                                                                                                                                           Policy  Research  Associates  

How  Being  Trauma-­‐Informed  Improves  Criminal  Jus'ce  Responses  

•  Create  and  awareness  and  understanding  of  the  impact  of  trauma  

•   Create  an  awareness  of  the  impact  of  trauma  on  behavior  

•  Develop  trauma-­‐informed  responses  •  Provide  strategies  for  developing  and  implemen'ng  trauma-­‐informed  policies  

See  more  at:  hgp://gainscenter.samhsa.gov/trauma/trauma_training.asp    hgp://www.prainc.com/how-­‐being-­‐trauma-­‐informed-­‐improves-­‐criminal-­‐jus'ce-­‐

responses/#sthash.UF8vLzq2.dpuf  

Trauma  Informed  Policing  

•  Being  aware  when  intervening  and  children  are  present  of  what  they  see,  hear  and  experience  

•  Children  key  off  of  adult,  care  givers  even  impaired  ones  are  child’s  psychological  safe  base  

•  Threats  to  caregivers  will  threaten  child’s  sense  of  safety,  vulnerability  

The  Hope  of  System  Collabora'on  

•  Violence  and  trauma  exposure  is  not  an  automa'c  lifelong  'cket  to  dysfunc'on  

•   The  single  biggest  factor  in  what  helps  kids  is  having  a  suppor've,  believing,  consistent,  nurturing  care-­‐giver  and  safe  place  in  the  community  

•  There  are  very  effec've  evidenced-­‐based  community  programs,  responses  and  treatments  that  have  been  clinically  demonstrated  to  provide  healing  from  exposure  to  violence  and  abuse  for  adults  and  children  

•  There  are  effec've  ac'on  steps  for  preven'on  which  everyone  can  help  foster  in  any  community,  the  cycles  can  be  broken  

Responding  at  the  Scene  

•  We  understand  that  the  mission  of  LE  at  the  point  of  interven'on  is  a  specific  one  and  has  different  priori'es  e.g.  secure  the  scene  /  safety,  etc.  

•  But  where  possible  and  as  soon  as  possible  agend  to  the  needs  of  children  present,  be  aware  of  what  they  see,  especially  involving  caregivers    

Helping  Children  at  the  Scene  

•  Ask  where  Children  are  –check  if  hurt,  safe  •  Describe  your  role  in  simple  terms  

•  Speak  at  their  level  (kneeling,  si5ng,  squa5ng)  

•  Try  not  to  talk  badly  about  parent  in  front  of  child  •  Keep  kids  with  known  adults  when  possible  •  Don’t  say  “everything  will  be  OK”  or  make  promises  you  can’t  keep  

Helping  Children  at  the  Scene  

•  Reassure  that  what  is  happening  with  adults  is  NOT  their  fault    

•  Explain  to  children  why  any  use  of  force  was  necessary  

•  Provide  parent  or  other  caregiver  with  informa'on  about  safety,  resources  as  appropriate  

Helpful  Responses  for  Children    

•  Addressing  kids  on  their  level  ?  Get  in  the  ROLES  •  Relaxed  manner  

•  Open  posture  (no  folded  arms  or  hands  on  hips)  

•  Lean  towards  slightly  w/  upper  body  (on  level)  •  Eye  contact  (direct  but  not  piercing,  warm)  

•  Space  between  you  (note  how  close,  not  allowing  them  to  feel  trapped,  but  blocking  distressful  visual  scenes  is  helpful)    

Follow-­‐up  Can  Support  Resiliency    

•  On  occasion  children  have  visited  precincts,  fire  sta'ons  or  met  with  responders  in  other  sesngs  (schools  community  sesngs)  aCer  the  scene/event  to  restore  connec'ons    reduce  fear  and  avoidance  

•  Helps  to  underscore  task  of  safety  at  'me  of  interven'on  and  what  occurred  as  necessary  to  get  people  help  keep  everyone  safe  

Back  to  Our  Scenario  

     Which  of  the  following  two  thoughts  going  through  the  mind  of  that  teen  male  -­‐s'll  holding  the  handgun-­‐  would  you  rather  be  confron'ng?  

His  possible  thoughts…  •  “I  bet  these  two  are  just  like  the  ones  that  day  who  jerked  me  away  from  my  mom  and  were  yelling  when  I  watched  them  throw  her  and  my  dad  on  the  floor,  put  them  in  handcuffs  -­‐and  then  they  put  me  in  a  cop  car  and  I  had  to  go  to  that  shelter”          OR  

•  “I  wonder  if  these  two  are  like  the  ones  who  came  that  >me  my  mom  and  dad  were  so  high  and  figh>ng  and  we  didn’t  have  food  ,  and  one  took  me  and  my  sister  outside  and  said  we’re  going  to  get  your  family  some  help  since  they  can’t  take  care  good  of  you  right  now”        

•  Which  set  of  thoughts  would  you  rather  have  be    going  through  the  mind  of  that  teen  holding  the  handgun?    

•  Why?  

•  Beyond  the  obvious,  what  other  differences  could  it  make  going  forward?  

Who  Helps  the  Helper?  -Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout Among Law Enforcement Investigators Exposed to Disturbing Media Images Lisa M. Perez & Jeremy Jones & David R. Englert & Daniel Sachau, J Police Crim Psych (2010) 25:113–124

-­‐Contamina'on  of  Cop:  Secondary  Trauma'c  Stress  of  Officers  Responding  to  Civilian  Suicides  (From  Suicide  and  Law  Enforcement,  P  337-­‐355,  2001,  Donald  C.  Sheehan  and  Janet  I.  Warren,  eds.  -­‐-­‐  See  NCJ-­‐193528)        Author(s):    John  Nicoles  ;  Sally  Spencer-­‐Thomas,    2001  Nat.  Criminal  Jus'ce  Reference  Service  

-­‐The  Cause  and  Effect  of  Secondary  Trauma'c  Stress    Wrigen  by  Federal  Employee  Defense  Services  on  19  May  2011.  Posted  in  The  Spotlight  FED  AGENT  .COM  

-­‐Vicarious  Trauma'za'on  and  Spirituality  in  Law  Enforcement    FBI  Law  Enforcement  Bulle>n  ,  July  2011  Vicarious  Trauma'za'on  

 *Greater  agen'on  being  given  in  last  few  years  to  Secondary  Trauma'c  Stress  for  law                      enforcement