BODY ‘S IMMUNE RESPONSE

DR. ANANDRAJ

WHAT IS IMMUNE POWER??

IS IT ONLY POWER?/OR ANYTHING ELSE?

REACTION TO HARMFUL AGENTSRESPONSE OF BODY TO EXTERNAL

TOXIC SUBSTANCES

IS IT NATURAL OR

ACQUIRED

IMMUNITY INNATE IMMUNITY (Ist Line Of Defense)

ACQUIRED /ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY(Immunity stimulated by microbes)

-LYMPHOCYTES-PLASMA CELLS

CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

(T Cells)

HUMORAL IMMUNITY(B CELLS)

EPITHELIAL BARRIERS

PHAGOCYTIC CELLS (PMN ; MACROPHAGES)DENDRITIC CELLS (Destroy viruses by producing Type 1 IFN)NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS

PLASMA PROTEINS (esp. COMPLEMENT PATHWAY)

What are the various immune organs in our body

Tissues of Immune SystemCENTRAL (GENERATIVE) LYMPHOID ORGANS

•THYMUS ( T Cells)•BONE MARROW (B CELLS)

PERIPHERAL LYMPHOIDORGANS

LYMPH NODEa) CORTEX (B Cell Zone) : Germinal Centersb) PARACORTEX (T Cell Zone)

SPLEENa) FOLLICLES ( B Cell Zone)

b) P A L S ( T Cell Zone)

CUTANEOUS ; MUCOSAL LYMPHOID SYSTEM

a) Under skin

b) Under Respiratory Tact ; GI Epithelium

WHAT IS THE ACTION /FUNCTION OF IMMUNE

IS GOOD TO BODYOR

HARMFUL??

IS IMMUNE POWER ALWAYS GOOD??

NO

WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE

• INFLAMMATION• CANCER• HYPERSENSITIVITY [ALLERGY]• HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS

Which cell is most commonly involved in immune responseLymphocytes

or neutrophils

IN+FLAMME

• IN- INSIDE

• FLAME- BURNING

• BURNING = IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HARMFUL

• ‘It is’

INFLAMMATION= ‘ITIS’

Is inflammation same as infection

• IS INFLAMMATION GOOD OR BAD??

PLAYERS OF INFLAMMATION

• INFLAMMATORY CELLS

• PROTEINS

• VASCULAR WALL CELLS

• CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

• EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

• ANTGEN&ANTIBODY

CELLS INFLAMMATORY CELLS

• NEUTROPHILS• EOSINOPHILS• BASOPHILS

GRANULOCYTES

CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

• LYMPHOCYTES [T CELLS]

• MACROPHAGES

• MAST CELLS

• FIBROBLAST

Which cell is most commonly involved in immune response

Lymphocytes or Granulocytes

PROTEINS

• CIRCULATING PROTEINS• -- CLOTTING FACTORS

• KINOGENS=KININS

• COMPLEMENTARY FACTORS

VASCULAR WALL CELLS

• ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

• SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS OF BLOOD VESSEL• [To control the tone of vessel]

ECM

• COLLAGE AND ELASTIN

• PROTEOGLYCANS

• GLYCOPROTEIN--FIBRONECTIN

• INFLAMMATORY CELLS

• PROTEINS

• VASCULAR WALL CELLS

• CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

• EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

• ANTGEN&ANTIBODY

BASIC REACTIONS INVOLVED IN INFLAMMATION

• Antigen –antibody Reaction

• Chemotaxis

• Phagocytosis -MACROPAHGES

• Hyperemia

• Vasodilators & Vasoconstrictors

CHEMOTAXIS– CHEMICAL+MOVEMENT

PHAGOCYTOSIS

• PLAYERS OF INFLAMMATION

• Basic Mechanisms of inflammation

CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION

CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION

CLINICAL EXAMPLES OF INFLAMMATION

Ag PRESENTING CELL (APC) : MHC T CELL : TCR

T CELL RECEPTOR (TCR)

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC)

Michelangelo : The Creation of Adam

MHC and TCR : INTERRELATIONSHIP

Ag

Does inflammation occurs in newborn?

• What is the most common life threatening condition

DOES INFLAMMATION OCCURS AFTER SURGERY

• FACTORS INVOLVED IN INFLAMMATION• CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION• MECHANISM IN INFLAMMATION• CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION

THANKS