PRODUCTION OF CROPSAs you all know that each and every living organism is totally dependentUpon food which we eat we get through plants and animal .

So in this we will learn:Methods of crop production Preparation of soil Seed selection and sowing Manuring and irrigation Weeding Harvesting ,threshing and winnowing Storage

METHODS OF CROP PRODUCTION

Basically there are step by step methods of agriculture and they are: 1. Preparation of soil 2. Seed selection and sowing 3. Manuring 4. Irrigation 5. Weeding 6.Protection from pest and diseases 7. Harvesting ,threshing and winnowing 8. Storage

PREPARATION OF SOIL

Soil anchors the root if plant ,provides water and nutrients to plant and also it provide oxygen to roots.The microbes and other organism such as earthworm in the soil help to keep it fertile and also earthworm are also known as friend of farmers .There are two methods which is involved in preparation of soil : Turning of soil Loosening of soil

SEED SELECTION AND SOWINGOnce the soil is prepared ,the next work is of selection of seed and sowing of seed in the proper way. So these way are : Quality of seed should be good and free from all diseases . Seed should be planted at the proper depth so that it can respire and could

not be eaten by birds. Proper amount of water should be given ,not so much or so less. Every seed should be sown at proper distance . If the seed will be sown at

high distance so it will be wastage of field, and if it will be sown very closely then the seed will not get proper nutrients

MANURING AND IRRIGATIONPlants require nutrition for their growth .Soil gives all these nutrients to the plants. So for proper growth of plants will require proper soil ,so first we have to maintain the soil first. Natural methods of providing proper nutrition to the field are: FIELD FALLOW CROP ROTATION MIXED CROPING After this we can provide different types of Fertilizers and Manures to the plants.Plant also need proper supplying of water to them.There are different methods of supplying water to the plants ,they are: 1. SPRINKLER SYSTEM 2. TUBEWELLS 3. DRIP IRRIGATION

WEEDING

Weeds are unwanted plants which grows along with crops.They compete with crops for water ,minerals and sunlight and therefore they reduces crop yield . They spread veryfast . So it is necessary to remove them . Different type of weeds grows with different crops.Weeds can be removed by pulling it out by hands or by instruments such as trowel or a harrow.

HARVESTING, THRESHING AND WINNOWING

Once the crop matured, it is harvested , i.e. cut and gathered .This can bedone by manually or by using machine called harvester.Next , the grain is separated from the cut crop using thresher.After threshing , the grain has to be separated from the chaff by manually Which is called winnowing.After harvesting the crop , often stubs are left in the field which are burntBy the farmers.

STORAGEHarvested food grain normally contain more moisture thanrequired for storage . The excess moisture is removed by drying the food grain in the sun. If you will notdry the food grain it can be spoilt by microbes.So storage of crop is also very important topic for thefarmers.