By Kara Girvan

Lighting Operation

PC – Pebble Convex Fresnel

• 500w bulb• G clamp• Safety chain• Gel frame and gels• Adjustable arm• Adjustable focus knobs• 15amp plug• Barn doors• Pebble glass lens

Accessories A Pebble Convex can be used for general cover or you could use it as a last resort for a spotlight. It has a pebble effect lens which effects the harshness of the light. A PC has the same lens of that in a spotlight but a spotlight has two lenses and a PC has one lens.Compared to a CCT Fresnel the light from a PC is more direct whereas a CCT is a more even spread of light.

CCT Fresnel

Accessories• G clamp• Barn doors• Adjustable arm• Safety chain• Ridged lens• Gel frame and gels• Smallest Fresnel

A CCT has a ridged circular glass lens which gives the light that is produced more of a diffused even spread. In comparison to a Selecon a CCT is smaller so it can be carried around easier.

Selecon Fresnel

Accessories• Barn doors• 500w bulb• Adjustable arm• Safety chain• G clamp• Gel frame and gels• Ridged lens• 2 adjustable knobs

A Selecon is used for general cover or washes. You should genuinely use the same make of lighting for a general cover or wash jus to avoid patchiness. I would use a Selecon over a PC for a general wash as the light is more diffused and has a less of a sharp edge.

1K – Scena Fresnel

Accessories• 1000w bulb• Safety chain• Barn doors• Ridged glass lens• Gel frame and gels• G clamp• Mesh over lens• Brighter than the other

Fresnel's

A 1K is mostly used for back lighting to avoid the performers from blending as it cuts them out more. It can also be used for a general wash or cover (generally using light coloured gels like lilac and light blue)

Triangulation – Having two smaller Fresnel's to every 1K helping to avoid the creation of shadows.

People often mistake a 1K for the beam travelling further however it is just a brighter light.

1K

Parcan

Accessories• Safety chain• Encased light bulb• Oval shape light• Gel frame and gels• G clamp• Adjustable arm

A Parcan is aesthetically pleasing and it is used for things such a music gigs and creating a chase. It adds depth too general cover. I would use a 1K compared to a Parcan as the light in a 1K is brighter.

You can hang Parcans off booms to help highlight all parts of a performer.

LED Parcan

Accessories• 13/15 amp plug• G clamp• Adjustable arm• DMX cable

Birdie

Accessories• Safety chain• G clamp• Barn doors• Gel frame and gels• Halagen bulb• 13 or 15 amp plug

A birdie is usually used for things like museums and exhibitions to light art work etc. They can also be used in trusts at shows and also to light the audience.You would use a birdie over a pin spot as it is lighter and more compact to move around.

Flood light

Accessories• Safety chain• G clamp• Gel frame and gels• 500/600w bulb• 15 amp plug• Gradient % control

Flood lights can be used to add depth to a general wash/ cover and also can be used for lighting the audience at things like music gigs.In comparison to a birdie you can light the audience with both lights but with a flood light you can control the gradient of the light produced.

Pin Spot

Accessories• Safety chain• G clamp• 13/15 amp plug

Pin Spot lights can be used for lighting disco/glitter balls for shows or parties. You can change the colour of the bulb as you can’t use gels with a Pin Spot.They can also be used in things like museums and exhibitions. A negative of using a Pin Spot for something like a exhibition is that you can’t direct the light.You could use a Birdie instead of a Pin Spot as you can use gels instead of having to change the bulb, it’s more convenient.

Source FourAccessories• G clamp

• Safety chain• 15 amp plugs

• Shutters (manipulate light)• Gel frame and gels

• Gobo holder and gobos• Iris (makes light really small)• Adjustable nobs (one for focusing the light and the other

for the size of the light)

• Built in shutters• Energy saving

bulb (whiter light)

• Removable shutters• Normal bulb (brownie

white light)

vs Minuette Profile

They are both used for lighting specific things and they both have the ability to make the circle of light bigger, smaller, softer edged or a harder edge.I would personally opt for the Source four light as it has built in shutters for convenience and an energy saving light which is also a whiter colour.

Sound Operation

Sound

What you need to create a PA (Personal/Public address) system…• Sound source e.g. Microphone, CD player, Phone etc.• Sound desk• Speakers – Active or Passive• Cables

1. XLR2. Jack Lead (Mini or Quarter inch)

3. Phono4. Speakon

Sound desk

The features of a sound desk are..• The outputs (stereo ad mono) • Inputs (each channel has an input• Each channel has dials, these are the gain, volume

SpeakersThere are two types of speaker, you can have an Active speaker which has an inbuilt amp and you can have a Passive speaker which doesn’t have an amp built in.

Video Operation

Long Throw Projector

Features• HD• PC (VGA cable)• DVD• USB• Video camera• Inbuilt speaker• Manually focus

A Long Throw Projector has the ability to project onto further distances, the downside to this is that the further you project eventually the image will become less clear. You can project from the front for things like classroom teaching but the problem with this is that it creates silhouettes which is no good for things like shows, to avoid this you can invert the image. In comparison to a Short Throw Projector a Long Throw is slightly more discrete.

Short Throw Projector

Features• HD• PC (VGA cable)• DVD• USB• Video camera• Inbuilt speaker• Manually focus• Mirror

A Short Throw Projector doesn’t have the ability to project as far as a Long Throw Projector but it does have a mirror effect which gives it the ability to reflect the desired image. Also Short Throw Projectors are used in theatre. In comparison to a Long Throw Projector they are good as they don’t require a lot of space.

Matrox and Q labQ lab only works along side mac computers. With this method on using the Q lab you are able to…• Project more than one

image• Stretch a image across

the projectors (you don’t have to use projectors, you can also use TVs)

Projector Projector

Projector

Matrox

Q lab - mac

Q labQ lab allows you to drop in mp3s and play multiple videos (which cant work without a matrox), the videos work better if you convert them to quick time and mp4.1. Drop mp3 into Q lab2. Rename the mp3 with the cue of when you want the music to play3. Got to preferences and if there is no yellow line then it wont play4. Connect “patch 1” to “USB audio condec” (Output source)5. To load a fade go to levels ad click on the master

Cross fade –

Wait after the fade –