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TCVN TrEU cHuAr.r vtFr l_,tAM
cAp
TCVN 5964 - 1gg5
rndr e; uAlrc
THEP, TANG, noruc Rgc,xicn vn oln xicn
yeu cAu eN roAx
c91y-o"tcd^ffirruirvr,uygr,rCi*rriJ#oNcrAr r,r$u rrf'lr soAi
-
so' .KilA.T:..0.F-TX -r c
Ldi n6i dhu
TCVN 5864 - 1995 thay tnd cho dibu 5.2, dibu 5.3 vA dibu 5.4 c0a
TCVN 4244 - 86;
TCVII 5864 - 1995 do Ban Ki thu0t tbu chuCn TCVN/TC t7s 'Thang m6y, chu thang m6y, Mng ttl chd kMch - blOn sogn, Tdng
{re fUu chudn - Do lUdng - ChCt htong db ngfi vt dloc B0 Khoa
hgc,C0ng ngh€ vA ii6l tnldng ban hinh.
cdhrc ry co pHAr'r xrdru olNn vA
a SAI rrEU nrc'h,I soAr
rnlEr n; ruArue
CAP THEP, TANG, RONG RQC,XICH VA DIA XICHyEu cAu ANi roAlr
Lifrirry appliancesWire ropes, dnuns, pullq,s, chailn and. chahr wlrcels
Sa.feq' requiremerfis
Tieu chuAn ndy 6p dung cho c6c loai trridt oi ndng vii qui dinh c6c y€u cbu an toan ddi v6i c6p th6p, tang.rdng roc, xich vd dia xich.
1 Crip th6p
1.1 cap th6p dr)ng trong trridt ot n6ng nhdt rhidt phai c6 chting trl t<,y tnuat.
1'2 Cdp th6p phai dUOc chon, tinlr toiin vA bd tri phir hop v6i ci6c rinh vd c6ng dung cila chring vd phai tinnddn chd dQ lirm vi6c c0a rhidt bi ndng drJoc phdn loai theo TCVN sg62-199s.
1.3 Chon c6p
1.3.1 TAi trong k6o dft c6p Fo. C6p duQc chgn phdi c6 tdi trong k6o dft dat gi6 tri tdi tnidu.
Fo = SZo
trong d6 :
s - hjc cing c;ip l6n nhdt, tinh blng Niuton (N), x6c dinh bdi c6c nhdn td sau :
- rdi l6n nhdr cho ph6p vdn henh ddi v6i tnidt bi ndng;
- trong ludng b0 phdn mang tii vd b6 rdng roc dQng (b0 mdp);
- b6i sudt paldng;
- hiQu sudt c6c rdng rgc;
- treng luong phbn c6p rreo tai dudc tinh ddn, ndu d0 ddi cua n6 t6n h6n 5m.
Zp - h0 sd an toAn.
1.3.2 Chon hO sd an todn Zp.HQ sd an todn ddi v6i c6p mang tdi phdi chon ph0 hgp v6i nh6m chd dO tdmvipc c0a co cdu duoc phdn loai theo TCVN 5862-1995, BAng 1 qui dlnh gi6 tri tdi rhidu c1a Zp.
TCVN 586rr-1995
Bdng 1
Gi6 tri Zo
Nhom ch6 dd ldm vi6ccu6 co cdu
D6i voi cd cdu vdn chuydn ngr-Idi, h6 sd sil dung tdi thi6u phdi bang 9,0.
1.3.3 Trong dibu ki6n sit dr,rng nguy hidm, thi du vdn hdnh v6i kim toai n6ng chAy, th) :
a) nh6m chd dO lAm vi6c kh6ng tdy du6i M5;
b) ddi voi c6c nh6m M5 trd l6n,Zod.lgc ldy titng 25/o so v6i gi6 tritrong bdng 1, gi6 tri tcii da la 9,0.
1.3.4 Ddi v6i c6p tinh dUoc cd dinh hai dbu vd c6p kh6ng cudn tr6n tang, th) gi6 tri tdi thidu cta Zp qui dinhtrong bdng 2.
BAng 2
Gi6 tri Zp ddi vdi cf p tinh
Nh6m chd d6 tdm vi6cc0a cd cdu
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 I [,1aI
I
zp 2.5 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5ll5,0 i s,o
Khi tinh luc cdng cAp l6n ntrdt S phAi cin ct1 vAo tdi trong tinh vd tdi trong do gi6 manh nhdt cgng nhr,t c6cdibu ki6n xung lUc kh6c gdy n6n.
1'4 C6c cong vi6c kidm tra bdo dUdng vd thay thd c6p th6p phiii tuAn theo TCVN 4244-86.
1.5 Cd drnh va bd tri c6p
1.5.1 Kdt cdu cd dinh vd bd trf c6p tron thidt bi nAng phiii loai tru dudc khi ning c6p bdt khdi tang hodcrong roc vd khd ning c6p bi ma s6t v6i c6c phdn kdt cdu cOa thidt bi hoqc v6i cAp kh6c.
1'5'2 Kdt cdu cd dinh dbu c6p phdi gi0 duoc tai trong bing tdi trong t6c dung khi th6 tdi tinh ddi v6ithidt br nAng.
1.5.3 Cho ph6p dirng c6c kdt cdu cd dinh dhu c6p sau ddy :
a) b6n dhu cdp, c6 vdng l6t c6p;
4
t\fi /M5
AR (A -7 1 9,0Z,
b) di:ng it nhdt ba khoa c6p;
c) dung khoa n6m vd cd dinh dbu c6p trl do benb-mT6"e-eeE
COUC TV C6 PHAN rufU DINH VAr'l
HUAN LUYEi.l KTAT LAO DONC\4
.,'
TAI LIPU KIEM SOAT ,SO:............
TCVN 586+199s
c) dc hop kirn n6ng chay vdo vo c6n.
Vo khoa ndm vd vo con phai lam bAng thep rdn. dAp hoic drlcl khdng drJdc dung vo han va vo bang gang.
15.4 D€j cd dlnh d6u cAp tr6n tang c6 thd diing ft nhdt hai tdm kep hodc ding n6m. phbn thtia dbu cAp
phai c6 do dai khdng nhd hon hai lbn dLlong kinh cdp. Khdng dUdc cudn ddu c6p thria thdnh vdng o canhr.: il i hep.
1.6 Sai l6ch phudng cria cAp so v6i dUdng xoin dc khi cudn tr6n tang, hodc so v6i mdt phdng rong rockhong dLjdc vlJdt que :
a) 53 (dO nghiOng 1:12) ddi v6i tang xd rdnh vd rong roc;
bi 3'(riQ nghi6ng 1:19) ddi voi rang tron.
1.7 Cdp dirng trong vdn chuy6n kim loai nung n6ng, kim loai n6ng chdy hodc xi long phdi duoc che chintr6nh tAc dung trUc tidp cta nhi6t vd triinh hat n6ng bin vdo.
r.8 Kh6ng cho ph6p ndi od ting chibu ci.i Jdi v6i c6p dirng trong rhidt bi nang.
^,\2 lang cuon cap va rong rgc
2.1 Khi tinh toAn xdrc dinh kich thrJ6c cr}a tang vd rdng roc phiii tinh ddn nh6m cfrd OO lim vi6c cirathidt bi nang.
2.1.1 Dudng kinh danh nghia cr]a tang vd rdng rgc ld dudng kinh do ddn dudng tdm cdp cudn tr6n dd.&tong kinh danh nghia tdi thidu cira c6c chi tidt ndy dtJQc x6c dinh bdi dudng kinh c6p vi h€ s6 dudng kinh,theo c6c c6ng thilc sau :
D1 >h1d;
D, > h2d;
D3 > h3d;
trong do :
D1, 02, D3 - dudng kinh danh nghia c0a tang, rong roc d6n hrJ6ng vd rdng roc cdn bing;
h1. h2, h3 - h9 sd dudng kinh tang, rdng rgc dAn hti6ng vd rdng roc cAn bing (bdng 3);
d - dudng kinh cAp.
5
TCVN 586rt-199s.:
i
,I,.::
H6 s6 dudng kinh h.,, hz, h3
Bdng 3
Nhom chd dd lam vi6c
cua cd cdu
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
Tang,
h1
I,Z
12,5
14,0
ro,u
18,0
20,0
22,4
25,0
Tang,
h1
Rong roc d6n htt6ng
h2
12,5
14.0
16,0
18,0
24,0
22,4
25,0
28,0
Bong roc cAn bang, I
hJ
11,2
12,5
12,5
14,0
14,0
16,0
16,0
18,0
2.12 Ddi v6i cdc cbn truc tU hdnh dtJQc thidt kd chd tao od tam nhibu loai cdng vi6c kh6c nhau, qui dinhm6t gi6 tri chung cho titng h0 sd Oudng kfnh kh6ng phu thuQc nh6m chd dO lAm vi6c cta co cdu. DUdngkinh danh nghia tdi thidu ctra tang vd rdng roc c6ng dUQc tinh theo cAc c6ng thrJc trong dibu 2.1.1, v6i c6cgi6 tri hd sd dudng kinh cho trong bdng 4.
Bdng 4
H6 s6 dudng kinh h' hz, hs d6i vdi chn trgc tu hinh
T6n b0 phdn
Co cdu ndng tAi
Co cdu ndng cbn
2.2 Chibu ddi c0a tang phdi x6c drnh trl dung ldgng c6p y6u cdu, sao cho khi nhd hdt cAp dd ha bd phAn
mang tdi xu6ng vi tri tndp nhdt, tr6n tang phdi cdn l4i it nhdt 1,5 vdng cAp, kh6ng kd nh0ng vdng nim trongpham vi b0 phin cd dlnn dhu cdp.
6
Rdng rgc d5n hU6ng,
h2
Rong rgc cdn bbng,h3
16,0
14,0
tt,:
16,0
14,0
12,5
2,3 Tang cudn m6t ldp cAp trong cd cdu
c0Nc rY co pHAN KrgM DINH vAHUAN LU-TEN KTAT LAO DQNG.
^ .TAI rrEU r"r6'na soAran oons
'"3il.LY..?.:.11..:.:.:.""n cat tne
D6y prdfin ranh phdi co b6n kinh tdi thi6u Ubng 0,535 dUdng kfnh cdp vA cho6n m6t cung khdng du6i 1200.
Khi tang cudn nhibu l6p c6p lam vi6c kh6ng ddm.bdo cAp xdp dring lhi phai c5 bd phQn xdp c6ip.
2.4 Ddi v6i thidt bi ndng dirng gbu ngoam co tang cudn mQt l6p cap va c6c thidt bi ndng chuy6n dung
kh6c, khi vdn hdnh c6p c6 khd ndng b! gi?t manh hodc b! n6i ldng, thi tang phAi c6 ranh sdu khong du6i 0,5
dtjdng kinh cdp hoic phai c6 bd phdn xdp cdp.
z.S Tang cudn m6t nh6nh c6p : phAi co thinh b6n o phia dbu tang khong c6 kep c6p, ndu cudn mdt l6p:
vd phai c6 thAnh b€n o cir hai phia, ndu cudn nhibu l6p. Thdnh phdi cao hon l6p cdp tr6n cilng m6t khoang
khdng nho hdn hai l'An dUdng kinh c6p.
Khdng cbn ldm thinh b6n trong nhrlng tnJdng hQp sau , ,
a) tang xd ranh cudn mOt l6p hai nhdnh c6p, chibu cudn c6p ttr hai clSu tang vdo gi0a;
b) c6 c6c Xdt cdu kh6c ddm bdro loai tru cAp trldt khoi tang.
2.6 Rong roc cudn ciip phdri c6 bQ phdn ngdn ngrJa kh6ng cho cdp b?t khoi rdng roc. Khe ho gida mat
b6n cira rdng rgc v6i phbn bao che kh6ng dUQc l6n hdn2}o/o dUdng kinh c6p.
Ddy pr:6fin rdnh rdng roc phdi c6 b6n kinh tdi thidu bdng 0,535 drlong kinh c6p; g6c mo cria rdnh tdi
thidu lir 45o.
Xich
Xich tdm vd xich hirn dlng trong thidt bi ndng nndt tnidt phiii cc chtlng trl kV thuit.
g.Z Xfch drlQc chgn phrii c6 tdi trgng k6o dft tdi tnidu dat gi6 tri tfnh theo c6ng th0c trong dibu 13.1. H0 sd
an todn Zp phU thuoc loai xich vd dqng dan dong cua thidt bi. Gie tri tdi thidu cta Zp Qui dinh trong bAng 5.
Bdng 5
Gi6 ti ze d6i v6i cdc loai xieh
TCVN 586+1995
dUdng xoin dc.
3
a1
Dang ddn dQng
Loai xichTang M6v
Xich hdn chinh xdc cudn tr6n dia xich
Xich tdm
Xich hirn cudn tr6n tang trdn
TCVN 58611-1995
3.3 Kdt cdu cd dinn vd bd tri xich tr6n thidt bi ndng phai loai trtl drtoc khd ndng xich bdt khdi tang, rong
roc hodc dia xich vd khd ndng xich ma sdt v6i c6c phbn kdt cdu c,ua thidt bi hodc v6i xich kh6c.
3.4 t<dt cdu cd Oinn dhu xich phai girt drJqc tai trong bbng tdi trong t6c dung khi thrl tiii tinh ddi voi
thiet bi nAng.
3.5 Sai l6ch phrJong crlra xich hdn so v6i drJOng xoin dc khi cudn tr6n tang, hodc so voi mdt phing dla
xich kh6ng dUOc vrldt qu6r 40 (dd nghi6ng 1:15).
Ddi vdi xich tdm thi phr;ong cua xich phAi ndm trong met phdng dia xich, kh6ng cho phep co sai l€ch.
3.6 Cho ph6p ndi xich hdn b5ng c6ch hdn rdn hodc hdn di6n cic mdt xich m6i, hodc ndi bbng c6c mitndi chuy6n dirng. Sau khi ndi, xich phdi qua thu nghidm v6i tai trong bbng tdi trong k6o dft tdi tnidu tinrr
theo cdng thfc trong dibu 13.1.
3.7 Xich hdn drJdc phr6p srJ dung
cua th6p ldm m6t xicn.
t,I
khi cric mit xicn c6 dO mon chua vLIOt q0a 10% drlong kinh danh nghia
4 Tang cudn xich, rdng roc xich vA dia xich
4.1 Drldng kinh c4a tang vd rdng roc cudn xich hdn phAi ddm bdo khdng nhd hon :
a) 20 lbn dudng kfnh th6p lirm mit xich, ddi v6i tnidt b! ndng ddn dQng bhng tay;
b) 30 lbn drldng kfnh th6p ldm mit xich, Odi v6i tnidt bi ndng ddn d6ng bing mAy.
4.2 Chibu ddi c0a tang phdi x6c dinh trl dung lUqng xich ydu cbu, sao cho khi nhd hdt xich dd ha b0 phan
mang tai xudng vi trf thdp nhdt, tr6n tang phdi cdn lai ft nndt 1,5 vdng xich, kh6ng kd nh0ng vdng ndm trongpham vi b0 phAn cd Oinn dhu xich.
4.3 Tang cudn xich phAi c6 thdnh b6n d phia dhu tang kh6ng c5 kqp xich, ndu cudn mQt l6p, vA phai c6
thirnh b6n 6 cd hai phfa, ndu cudn nhibu l6p, Thirnh phdi cao hon l6p xich tr6n cing m6t khodng kh6ng nhd
hon chibu rdng met xfch.
4.4 Rdng rgc cudn xich hdn vd dia xich crla xich tdm truybn lUc bing dn kh6p phiii c6 sd ndc ho6c sd
rdng kh6ng nh6 hon 5 vir phAi c6 it nndt 2 hdc hodc 2 rdng dn kh6p hoin todn v6i xich.
4.5 Rdng roc vd dia xfch phAi c6 b0 phQn dim bdo xdp Ofng xicfr va ngan ngLla kh6ng cho xich bit ra
ngodi virng in kh6p.