Seminar on, SENSOR

By,Ritesh A. Wanjari

Introduction:-A sensor is an object whose purpose is to detect events or

change in environment, and then provide a corresponding output.

It converts the physical parameter (Ex.:- Temperature, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically.

It is a type of Transducer, sensors may provide various types of output. But typically use electrical or optical signal.

It is important to provide monitoring and control from a central station within the installation.

For this reason, products that include information and communication features for use at sub-stations, consumer metering devices, switchgear, transformers, digital fault recorders etc.

Line sensors:- It can be provide at line poles or towers which acquire data, such as phase current and phase voltages and can also detect short circuiit and grounding faults.

By using this data, automatio system can isolate the faulted section and monitor the real time data.

Beside the relay, there are transmitter/trransducers, which are gather data from basic sensors for telementry.

TRANSMITTER:-

It can be separate piece of electronic equipment, or an electrical circuit within another electronic device.

This provide output signals after converting and amplifying low level signals of basic sensor element.

Modern transmitter are smart and microprocessor based, performing many other functions such as alarm, signal etc.

TRANSDUCERIt is device that convert one form of energy to another.

Usually a transducer converts signl in one form of energy to a signal in onother.

Electrical signals are converted to and from other physical quantities (energy, force, torque, light etc.)

This is measuring element that senses the external action. And generaly used for measuring purpose.

Commonly used transducer are Microphone, thermocouple, Thermister, potentiometer, etc.

RECEIVER:-

In two way communication the receiver is used as terminal euipment along with transmitter.

A transmitter and a receiver combined in one unit are called a transceiver.