PRESENTATION ON KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER

STATION

Poornima Institute Of Engineering &Technology

GUIDED BY :- K.R. PRAJAPAT( Dy. HOD)ARPIT KHANDELWAL(Asst. Prof.)

SUBMITTED BY :-APOORVA SHARMAPIET/EE/13/009VII SemesterElectrical Engg.

CONTENTSO Introduction of power plantO General layout & Basic IdeaO Coal Handling PlantO Ash Handling Plant & ESPO Boiler O Steam TurbineO Turbo GeneratorO Water Treatment PlantO Control Room & SwitchgearO Transformer & SwitchyardO ProtectionO Salient Features of KSTPSO ConclusionO References

INTRODUCTIONO The Kota Thermal Power Station is ideally on the

left bank of Chambal River at Up Stream of Kota Barrage.

O Its first unit of capacity 110 MW is commissioned on 17 Jan 1983 and last one on 2009.

O It is one of highest power generating plant with installed capacity of 1240 MW.

Favorable conditions Availability of large amount of water. Location at broad gauge Delhi-Mumbai

railway. Concentration of load. Constant water supply. Transmission and grid sub station are quit

near.

INSTALLED CAPACITY & DESIGNO The Kota Thermal Power Station is divided into four main circuits :

O KSTPS is designed in following stages...Stage Unit

NumberInstalled Capacity

(MW)

Date of Commissionin

g

Status

Stage I 1 110 January 1983 RunningStage I 2 110 July 1983 RunningStage II 3 210 September 1988 RunningStage II 4 210 May 1989 RunningStage III 5 210 March 1994 RunningStage IV 6 195 July 2003 RunningStage V 7 195 May 2009 Running

Fuel and Ash Circuit. Air and Gas Circuit. Feed water and Steam Circuit. Cooling Water Circuit.

Coal and Ashplant

Air and gas

Feed water

Cooling tower

GENERAL LAYOUT & BASIC IDEA

COAL HANDLING PLANTO Type of coal – BituminousO Everyday 6 to 7 trains (having 58 wagons) of coal are unloaded at

KSTPS .

Sources of coal

•Indian coal – 90%•GCV ~ 3500 •SECL (South Eastern Coalfields Limited), NCL (Northern Coalfield Limited)

•Imported coal – 10%•GCV ~ 6500•From Australia or South Africa

GENERAL LAYOUT OF CHP

BOILERO A boiler (or steam generator) is a closed vessel in which water, under

pressure is converted into steam.O In KSTPS, Natural circulation, tangentially fired, over hanged type, Water

tube boilers are used. O Oil burners are provided between coal burners for initial start up and

flame stabilization.

DESIGN OF BOILERSPECIFICATIONS OF BOILERO Type : Direct fired, natural

circulationO Make : BHEL.O Capacity. : 375 tonnes per

hour.O Steam Pressure. : 139 Kg./Cm2O Efficiency : 86.6 %.O No. of fans in service. -

a) ID fans. : 2 Nos.b) FD fans. : 2 Nos.c) PA fans. : 2 Nos.

O Steam Temperature : 540oC.O No. of coal mills in : 3 Nos.

service.O No. of soot blowers : 70 Nos.

BOILER SYSTEM Boiler Drum

Its function is to separate water and steam from mixture of steam & water generated in the furnace

walls.

BOILER SYSTEM Economizer

An Economizer extracts a part of heat from the flue gases and uses it for heating the feed water before it

enters into the steam drum.

BOILER SYSTEM Air Pre-heater

Air Pre heaters are employed to recover the heat from the flue gases leaving the Economizer & are used to

incoming air for combustion.

BOILER SYSTEM Super heater

A Super heater is a device which removes the last traces of moisture from the saturated steam leaving the boiler

tubes & also increases the temperature . Super heater consists a group of tubes.

Air from atmosphere

Super heater

I.D.F.

furnace

economizer

Air preheater

F.D.F.

E.S.P.

BOILER SYSTEM - Draft System & flow of flue gases

Stack

Boiler

tubes

Boiler

drum

Super heaters & reheater

economiser

condenser

FWP

turbine

DM water plant

BOILER SYSTEM – Flow of Steam

water

wet ash

To coal millTo furnace

PA Fan

FD Fan

APH

ESP

ID Fan

Boiler

ASH HANDLING

Dry Ash

Fly Ash

ASH HANDLING PLANT

O The Ash from the boiler is collected in two forms:

(1.) Bottom Ash(Slurry): It’s a waste which is dumped into a Ash Pond.

(2.) Fly Ash: Fly ash is separated from flue gases in ESP(Electro Static Precipitator).

Economizer: Reduces the temperature.

ELECTRO-STATIC PRECIPITATOR

Top fly ash, where the particle size vary from 0.75 microns to 100 micron use gradually use E.S.P. to purify the flue gases due to its higher efficiency & low running cost etc.

Steam is passed Through nozzle

Steam now falls on Turbine blade

moves the turbine

Steam Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is rotated steadily by impact or reaction of current or stream of working substances (Steam , Air, Water, Gases) upon Blades of a wheel.Parts of Turbine

A.) Nozzle B.) Blade C.) Rotor shaft

STEAM TURBINE

STEAM TURBINEO Turbine system

consists 1. HPT2. IPT3. LPT

ORegenerating Heating System consists of

a) HP Heatersb) LP Heatersc) Deaeratord) Condensere) CEP & BFPf) CW System

STEAM TURBINESteam Flow in a

turbine…O Steam in H.P. Turbine : P =

140 kg/cm2 T =

540’CO Steam in I.P. Turbine : P =

26 kg/cm2 T =

540’CO Steam in L.P. Turbine : P = 7

kg/cm2 T =

270’C

TURBO GENERATORO Designed for continuous operation at the rated output.O Directly coupled with steam turbine, rotated at high speed of

3000 RPM.

Major parts of stator are1. Stator frame2. Stator core3. Stator bars4. Stator windings5. Ventilation system6. Hydrogen coolers

Major parts of rotor are7. Rotor frame8. Rotor Windings

COOLING SYSTEM & EXCITATION SYSTEM FOR ALTERNATOR

O Cooling System - Hydrogen is used for

cooling medium primarily because of its superior cooling properties & low density.

O Excitation system - 1) Rectifier transformer.2) Nos. of thyristor

converters.3) An automatic voltage

regulator (AVR).4) Field suppression

equipment.5) Field flashing equipment.

WATER TREATMENT PLANTRAW

WATERCLARIFL

OCULATOR

GRAVITY FILTER

U/G

STORAGE TANK

D.M. PLANT

BOILER MAKEU

PC.W.

MAKEUP

SOFTENING

PLANT

COOLING WATER

DRINKING WATER

WATER TREATMENT PLANT

CONTROL ROOM

FAN CONTROL

DESK

TURBINE DESK

FUEL CONTROL

DESK

GENERATOR CONTROL

DESK

STEAM PRESSURE &

CONTROL DESK

TRANSFORMERO Transformer is a static device which is used to change the voltage

level keeping the power & frequency same.O There are about 83 transformers installed at various places in plant

to operate the auxiliaries.

Types of Installed Transformer(1.) Generator Transformer A

- Steps up (16.5KV to 220KV)(2.) Generator Transformer B -

Steps up (16.5KV to 400KV)(3.) Unit Auxiliary Transformer

- Steps down (16.5KV to 6.9KV)

(4.) Station Service Transformer - Steps down(6.9KV to 0.433KV)

TOTAL OUTGOING FEEDERS

PLACES NO. OF FEEDERSSanganer 1Herapura 1

Modak gss 1Power grid nawta 2

Byawar 2Sakatpura gss 4

MAIN PARTS OF SWITCHYARDO Bus BarO Bus CouplerO Isolating switchO Earthing SwitchO Lightning ArresterO Current & Potential

Transformer (CT&PT)

O Circuit BreakerO Capacitive Voltage

Transformer (CVT)O Wave TrapO Supporting

Structures

PROTECTION1. Field Protection2. Pole Slipping3. Plane Overload Protection4. Inter-turn Fault5. Negative Phase Sequence Protection6. Reverse Power Protection7. Forward Power Protection8. Under Frequency & Over Frequency Protection9. Generator Voltage Protection10. Rotor Earth Fault Protection

CONCLUSIONOThe first phase of practical training has proved to be quiet fruitful. It provided an opportunity for encounter with such huge machines like wagon tippler .110 MW, 210 MW & 195 MW turbines and generators.

OThe architecture of the power plant the way various units are linked and the way working of whole plant is controlled make the student realize that engineering is not just learning the structured description and working of various machines, but the greater part is of planning proper management.

REFERENCES

O http://www.mapsofindia.com/kota/industries/super-thermal-power-plant.html

O http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_power_station

O www.geocities.comO http://www.energymanagertraining.com/

power_plants/ThermalPowerPlants.htmO  www.rvunl.com