43
SEMINAR ON PRESENTED BY: SHRUTI RANJAN PARIDA 1101348076 MECHANICAL POWER PLANT & ITS

Power plant Engineering ppt

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Power plant Engineering ppt

A

SEMINAR

ON

PRESENTED BY:SHRUTI RANJAN PARIDA1101348076MECHANICAL

POWER PLANT & ITS COMPONENTS

Page 2: Power plant Engineering ppt

ABOUT JSPL

Jindal Steel and Power Limited has set up India's first mega power project in the private sector – the 1000 MW thermal power plant at Raigarh, Chhattisgarh. The Company has invested approximately Rs. 4338 crore for setting up a 1000 MW power plant.

The Company has constructed a 258 km, 400 KV Double Circuit transmission line from the plant to the PGCIL sub-station at Raipur through which power can be sold anywhere in India. For meeting the plant's consumptive water requirement, an 18 m high dam over the Kelo River has been built, 25 km away from the project site.

The Company is expanding its capacity at Tamnar by setting up a 2400 MW thermal power plant at an estimated cost of Rs 13,410 crore. The Company has already placed order on Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) for supply of a 4X600 MW Boiler Turbine Generation (BTG) package.

Page 3: Power plant Engineering ppt
Page 4: Power plant Engineering ppt

MAIN PARTS OF THE PLANT ARE :- i. COAL HANDLING PLANT ii. PRE TREATMENT and DM PLANT iii. COOLING TOWER iv. BOILER and its Components v. ASH HANDLING PLANT vi. TURBINE GENERATOR vii. TRANSFORMERSviii. SWITCH YARD ix. CONCLUSION

COMPONENTS

Page 5: Power plant Engineering ppt

CHP (Coal Handling Plant)

Page 6: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. Here Sub-bituminous type ‘F’ grade coal is used in the boiler.

2. The size of the coal is 0.6 mm.

3. It is very low quality coal which contain 50-60% ash.

PROCESS OF CHP

Page 7: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. CRUSHER2. VIBRATING SCREEN3. CONVEYER4. MAGNETIC

SEPARATOR5. VIBRO FEEDER

MAIN EQUIPMENT IN CHP

Page 8: Power plant Engineering ppt

IMPACT CRUSHER

Page 9: Power plant Engineering ppt

DOUBLE ROLL CRUSHER

Page 10: Power plant Engineering ppt

VIBRATING SCREEN

Page 11: Power plant Engineering ppt

MAGNETIC SAPARATOR

Page 12: Power plant Engineering ppt

VIBRO FEEDER

Page 13: Power plant Engineering ppt

Pre-Treatment and DM Plant

Page 14: Power plant Engineering ppt

RESERVOIR (Mahanadi, Kelo)

STEALING CHAMBER (Cl2 dozing)PARSELL FLUME (5% Polly Alluminium Chloride dozing)INNER CELL CLEARIFIER (Removes sludges)OUTER CELL CLEARIFIERRGF (Rapid Gravity Filter)FWS (Filtered Water Storage)

PROCESS OF PRE TREATMENT PLANT

Page 15: Power plant Engineering ppt

The main aim of DM Plant is to de-mineralised the raw water coming from a water source by chemical dosing which may be harmful to the pipeline and boilers.

ACF (Activated Carbon Filter) – contain charcoal to absorb chlorine.LBC (Layer Bed Cation) – contain resin to remove +ve mineralsDEGASSER TOWER – removes CO2.WBA (Weak Base Anion) – contain resin to remove –ve minerals.SBA (Strong Base Anion) – it also contain resin to remove remaining charged minerals.MB (Mixed Bed) - having both WBA and SBA to remove silica.

PROCESS OF DM PLANT

Page 16: Power plant Engineering ppt

COOLING TOWER

Page 17: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. THE WARM WATER IS TAKEN FROM THE CONDENSER TUBES TO THE COOLING TOWER.

2. THIS BREAKS THE WATER UP INTO A VERY FINE SPRAY INCREASING THE SURFACE AREA OF THE WATER DROPLETS MAKING IT EASEIR TO COOL.

3. THE COOL WATER IS COLLECTED IN POND AT THE BOTTOM OF THE COOLING TOWER.

4. FROM HERE IT PUMPED BACK TO CONDENSER.

Page 18: Power plant Engineering ppt

BOILER and its Components

Page 19: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. TO PRODUCE STEAM BOILER CONVERTS ENERGY, IN THE FORM OF COAL, INTO STEAM.

2. THE BIOLER IS LINED WITH STEEL TUBING IN WHICH PURE WATER IS TURNED TO STEAM BY THE HEAT CREATED FROM THE BURNING OF COAL.

3. THE PLANT MAINLY OF TWO TYPES:- i. AFBC (Air Fluidise Bed Combustion) ii. WHRC ( Waste Heat Recovory Boiler)

4. BOILER CAPACITY– 165 TPH (ton per hour)

5. STEAM PRESSURE– 90 kg/cm2

6. STEAM TEMPERATURE– 540 oc

Page 20: Power plant Engineering ppt
Page 21: Power plant Engineering ppt

BOILER COMPONENTSFORCED DRAFT (FD) FAN

THIS FAN FORCES THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR THROUGH THE BOILER FURNACE AND PUSHES OUT THEHOT GASES FROM THE FURNACE THROUGH SUPERHEATER, ECONOMIZER, AND AIR HEATER TOSTACKS.

INDUCED DRAFT (ID) FAN

1. THIS FAN IS PROVIDED AT THE OUTLET OF THE BOILER, THAT IS JUST BEFORE THE STACK.2. THIS FAN SUCKS HOT GASES FROM THE FURNACE THROUGH THE SUPERHEATERS, ECONOMIZER AND DISCHARGES GAS INTO THE STACK.

PRIMARY AIR (PA) FAN

THIS FAN ARE HIGH PRESSURE FANS USED TO SUPPLY THE AIR FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OFCOAL DIRECTLY TO FURNACE.

Page 22: Power plant Engineering ppt

FD FAN

ID FAN

PA FAN

Page 23: Power plant Engineering ppt

ECONOMIZER

1. FLUE GAS COMING OUT OF THE BOILER CARRIES LOTS OF HEAT.2. THE ECONOMIZER EXTRACTS A PART OF HEAT FROM THE FLUE GASES AND USES FOR HEATING THE FEED WATER. THUS IMPROVES THE EFFICIENCY OF PLANT.

SUPERHEATER

1. SUPER HEATER IS USED TO REMOVE MOISTURE CONTENT FROM THE STEAM.2. SUPER HEATER RAISES THE TEMPERATURE OF STEAM ABOVE 540 oc.3. ADVANTAGES OF SUPER HEATER :- i. INCREASE EFFICIENCY. ii. REDUCES CORROSION OF TURBINE BLADES.

AIR PREHEATER (APH)

1. IT IS USED TO PREHEAT THE AIR BEFORE ENTERING INTO FURNACE.2. IT IS A HEAT EXCHANGER IN WHICH SOME FURTHER HEAT IS EXTRACTED FROM THE FLUE GASES AND USE TO HEAT THE COMING AIR FROM COMBUSTION.

Page 24: Power plant Engineering ppt

Superheater

Page 25: Power plant Engineering ppt

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR1. IT IS DESIGNED TO TRAP AND REMOVE DUST PARTICLES FROM AND EXHAUST GAS STREAM OF AN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS.2. THE PRECIPITATION PROCESS INVOLVES 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS:- i. PARTICLE CHARGING ii. PARTICLE COLLECTION iii. REMOVAL OF PARTICLES

Page 26: Power plant Engineering ppt

DEAERATORA DEAERATOR IS A DEVICE THAT IS WIDELY USED FOR THE REMOVAL OF OXYGEN AND OTHER DISSOLVED GASES FROM THE FEEDWATER. IN PARTICULAR,DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN BOILER FEEDWATERS WILL CAUSE SERIOUS CORROSION DAMAGE IN STEAM SYSTEMS BY ATTACHING TO THE WALLS OF METAL PIPING AND OTHER METALLIC EQUIPMENT AND FORMING OXIDES (RUST).

Page 27: Power plant Engineering ppt

CONDENSER

1. HERE THE STEAM IS CONDENSED BACK INTO WATER AND PUMPED BACK TO THE BOILER.2. THIS HAPPENS VIA A SERIES OF LOW AND HIGH PRESSURE HEATERS.

CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP

THE CONSENSATE WATER IS DRAWN FROM THE CONDENSER BY EXTRACTION PUMP AND SEND IT TO LOW PRESSURE FEED HEATER.

LOW PRESSURE FEED HEATER (LP HEATER)

1. FEED WATER FROM THE CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMPS PASS THROUGH LOW PRESSURE HEATER.2. STEAM IS USED TO HEAT THE FEED WATER.

HIGH PRESSURE HEATER

WITH SIMILAR PURPOSE, THE HIGH PRESSURE FEED HEATERS ARE THE LAST STAGE OF FEED WATERHEATING BEFORE THE FEED WATER ENTERS THE BIOLER SYSTEM AT THE ECONOMIZER.

Page 28: Power plant Engineering ppt

CONDENSER

CEP

LPH

HPH

Page 29: Power plant Engineering ppt

BOILER FEED PUMP

1. THE BOILER FEED PUMP PUMPS THE WATER INTO THE BOILER, OVERCOMING PRESSURE OF 150 Kg/cm².2. THE PUMP IS DRIVEN BY AN ELECTRIC MOTOR.3. THE PUMP RUN IN 4130 RPM AND THE MOTOR RUNS IN 1490 RPM.

CIRCULATING WATER PUMPS

THE CIRCULATING WATER PUMPS ARE USED TO CIRCULATE THE WATER FROM COOLING TOWER TO THE CONDENSER AND BACK AGAIN.

COMPRESSOR HOUSE

1. THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THE COMPRESSOR HOUSE IS TO PROVIDE OR SUPPLY THE HIGH PRESSURE AIR TO THE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS IN PLANT.2. THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF COMPRESSED AIR:- i. SERVICE AIR WHICH CONTAINS MOISTURE AND IS SUPPLY TO ASH HANDLING PLANT AND OTHER SERVICES WHERE MOISTURE NOT DAMAGE ANY EQUIPMENT. ii. INSTRUMENT AIR WHICH CONTAIN NO MOISTURE IN AIR AND THIS AIR IS USED IN NUMETIC VALVES.

Page 30: Power plant Engineering ppt

BFP

CIRCULATING PUMP

COMPRESSOR HOUSE

Page 31: Power plant Engineering ppt

ASH HANDLING PLANT

Page 32: Power plant Engineering ppt

DRY ASH SYSTEMFLY ASH IS CONSIDERED TO BE COLLECTED IN ESP HOPPERS. FLY ASH FROM ESP HOPPERS EXTRACTED BY VACUUM PUMPS UP TO INTERMEDIATE SURGE HOPPER CUM BAG FILTER FOR FURTHER DRY CONVEYING TO FLY ASH SILO.WET ASH SYSTEMBOTTOM ASH SLURRY AND FLY ASH SLURRY SHALL BE PUMPED FROM THE COMMON ASH SLURRY SUMP UP TO THE DYKE AREA WHICH IS LOCATED AT A DISTANCE FROM SLURRY PUMP HOUSE.

AFTER THE COAL IS BURN THE ASH OF THE COAL REMAINS IN THE ESP SYSTEM SO TO REMOVE THAT ASH FROM THE PLANT THERE IS AN ASH HANDLING PLANT JUST NEAR THE BOILER. THE WET ASH IS DUMPED IN DUMPING AREA AND THE DRY ASH IS USED IN BRICK AND CEMENT MAKING.

Page 33: Power plant Engineering ppt

DRY ASH

WET ASH

SILO

Page 34: Power plant Engineering ppt

TURBINE GENERATOR

Page 35: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. A STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR IS A DEVICE THAT USES STEAM TO ROTATE A TURBINE GENERATOR TO PRODUC ELECTRICITY.2. STEAM TURBINES USE WATER THAT IS HEATED TO EXTREMELY HIGH TEMPERATURES AND CONVERTED INTO STEAM TO ROTATE THE BLADES OF A TURBINE, IN ORDER TO CREATE MECHANICAL OR ROTATIONAL ENERGY.  THIS ROTATIONAL ENERGY CAUSED BY THE HIGH PRESSURED STEAM TURBINE IS USED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY IN AN ATTACHED GENERATOR.3. MAIN COMPONENTS OF TYPICAL TURBOGENERATOR CONSISTS OF :- i. PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATOR (PMG) ii. AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR (AVR) iii. EXCITER iv. GEAR BOX v. ALTERNATOR vi. TURBINE

Page 36: Power plant Engineering ppt
Page 37: Power plant Engineering ppt

TRANSFORMER

Page 38: Power plant Engineering ppt

1. TRANSFORMER IS THE MOST CONVENIENT DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMER OF POWER FROM ONE VOLTAGE TO ANOTHER VOLTAGE AT THE SAME FREQUENCY.2. IT WORKS IN THE PRINCIPLE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.3. TRANSFORMERS ARE OF TWO TYPES :- i. STEP-UP TRANSFORMER ii. STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER

Page 39: Power plant Engineering ppt

SWITCH YARD

Page 40: Power plant Engineering ppt

ELECTRICAL SWITCHYARDS ARE USUALLLY PART OF SUBSTATION WHERE ELECTRICITY IS TRANSFORMED FROM ONE VOLTAGE TO ANOTHER FOR THE TRANSMISSION , DISTRIBUTION.

Page 41: Power plant Engineering ppt

CONCLUSIONEVERY PART OF THE PLANT IS PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE FOR THE PLANT. WITHOUT THIS COMPONENTS THE PLANT OR BOILER CANT EVEN RUN AND IF RUNS ALSO THEN THERE IS A100% CHANCE OF A TRIPPING OF PLANT AND BECAUSE OF WHICH VERY HUGE AMOUNT OF LOSSES IN MAN, MONEY AND TIME OCCURES.

Page 42: Power plant Engineering ppt

ANY QUESTIONS YOU WANT TO ASK ?

Page 43: Power plant Engineering ppt

THANK YOU TO ALL…