PLASMA FINISHING OF POLYESTER FABRICS FOR

IMPROVING HYDROPHILICITY

VIVEK YADAV9457631264

TEXTILE CHEMISTRY NITRA TECHNICAL CAMPUS

vivekntcgzb@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION Plasma – defined as the “4th state of matter” Found in the universe as Solar coronas,

lightning bolts and nuclear fusion

CLASSIFICATION OF PLASMA Hot-temperature plasma ( about100 million

°C)

Low-temperature ( ≈ near 50 °C - used for textile applications) Low pressure Atmospheric pressure

Plasma find its application in semiconductor microchip manufacturing, in automotive and aerospace industries and so on.

From the past decade, textile chemical processing industry has become more interested in plasma applications as a novel

finishing technology .

WHY PLASMA ?

Advantages of Plasma Environmental friendly technique : because of

the low energy consumption, the fact it is a dry technique (no additional drying step), no waste disposal problem and disposal cost.

Operator friendly technique : no chemical products, gases, etc.

No substrate damage or bulk property changes

APPLICATION OF PLASMA IN TEXTILE Desizing Wettability enhancement Water/soil-repellency Printability Dyeability Shrink-resistance Adhesion enhancement Sterilization, etc.

PLASMA SYSTEMS FOR TEXTILES Low-pressure plasma systems Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Systems

1. Continuous plasma processing2. Semi-continuous plasma processing 3. Roll - to - Roll Plasma processing

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Systems Corona discharge Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) Atmospheric plasma glow discharge

PLASMA –SUBSTRATE INTERACTION

Cleaning

Activation

Deposition

Grafting

PRINCIPLE OF PLASMA APPLICATION TO TEXTILE

HYDROPHILICITY ENHANCEMENT OF POLYESTER (PET) FABRICS Plasma treatment in oxygen containing gas. Introduces various functional groups (–CO-, -C=O, -

COOH, -C-O-O-, O-COO- ) on the surface. Water (H2O) and H2O2 plasmas introduces alcohol

and carboxylic acid groups inducing hydrophilicity. But “Ageing” is the problem associated with those

kind of plasma treatments Plasma graft polymerization - acrylic acid, nitro

compounds, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylamide and acrylonitrile.

MECHANISMS OF SURFACE MODIFICATIONEtching and Re-deposition

SEM image of treated PET

SEM image of untreated PET

Chain Scission and Functionalization

Ion bombardment into substrate surface during exposure to atmospheric plasma introduces chain scission of molecules on the substrate’s surface

EFFECT OF PLASMA TREATMENT ON HYDROPHILICITY OF PET

Effect of treatment time and power on moisture content of PET fabric (at 40 % RH) [Bhat et al.]

Contact Angle Measurement of Plasma Treated PET Films [Jerome et al]

Weight Loss (%) of Plasma Treated PET Films with Different Storage Conditions (He/O2: He

flow rate = 12 lpm) [Jerome et al]

Water contact angle of a PET film as a function of treatment time for different operating pressures and for

different gas flow rate between the electrodes [Morent et al]

PLASMA MACHINERY MANUFACTURES Europlasma, Belgium Unitex S.P.A., Italy 4thstate Inc., U.S.A. APJet Inc., U.S.A. Enercon Industries Corporation, U.S.A.

CONCLUSION

Plasma can be an interesting alternative or solution with described advantages of being environmental and operator friendly, dry and complete controllable. Therefore, plasma knows a growing market.

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