Energy Generation from Vortex

Induced Vibrations

Guided by : Mr . Anooplal B

Asst. Professor , Mechanical Engineering Dept.

St. Joseph’s College of Engineering and Technology , Palai .

Submitted by : Toji Tharakan

S-7, Mechanical

Engineering

Contents

Introduction

Vortex Induced Vibrations

Physics Theory

Energy Harvesting In Liquid Flow

Vortex Induced Vibration Aquatic Clean Energy (VIVACE)

Energy harvesting in air flow

Conclusion

References

Introduction

Global climate change induce a need for innovative energy harvesting devices

drawbacks of turbine generators urges emergence of a new area energy harvesting from flow induced vibration

A kind of flow-induced oscillations that can be useful to harvest energy from a flow is the Vortex-Induced Vibrations (VIV) of a bluff body

VORTEX INDUCED VIBRATIONS

The vibration caused by a fluid flowing around a body due to

formation of vortices is known as vortex-induced vibration .

Vortex is a region of spinning motion about an imaginary axis

within a fluid flow

Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV) is important mechanical

engineering - considered as an undesirable effect

We will see that if the vibration is substantial, it can be used to

extract useful energy from the surrounding flow

Physics Theory

Vortex Shedding

• An oscillating flow that takes place when a fluid flows past a

cylindrical body at certain velocities .

• Vortices are created at the back of the body and detach

periodically from either side of the body .

• Alternating vortex shedding is referred as a vortex street

• Dependent on the Reynolds number of the flow

Strouhal Number

• Non-dimensional parameter relates the frequency of vortex

shedding , fS , to the flow conditions .

Strouhal number , S= (D *fs )/U

U is the free stream velocity, and D is the cylinder diameter

Lock In

• Lock in can result in relatively large amplitudes of forced vibration.

• Similar to linear resonance.

• Increase in vibration amplitudes the natural frequency of the

cylinder is approached by the vortex shedding frequency .

Application of Vortex Induced Vibrations

Electromagnetic energy harvesting

Vortex Induced Vibrations Aquatic Clean Energy (VIVACE)

Vortex Shedding Vertical Axis Turbine (VOSTURB)

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

Energy Harvesting In Liquid Flow

Electromagnetic energy harvesting from vibrations .

Vortex Induced Vibration Aquatic Clean

Energy (VIVACE)

The VIVACE converter is a transformational technology.

It taps into a vast new source of clean and renewable

energy .

water currents as slow as 2 to 4 knots

(1.02 m/s to 2.05 m/s )

to conventional turbine technology that target rivers with

water currents greater than 4 knots.

Open water testing in the St. Clair River, at Port Huron, MI in 2011

Can be used for –

• Supply of electricity to offshore facilities without supplying diesel to generator

sets.

• Replacement for dams without altering the riverine environment.

• Modular VIVACE units could be used and then removed and re-used at another

site.

Comparison of VIVACE to other alternative

energy sources

Comparison of energy sources

• Comparison is done in terms of cost in $/kWh

Energy Harvesting in Air Flow

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

• vertical rigid sail is fixed to a vertically cantilevered piezoelectric transducer.

• Sail oscillates in a fixed direction when introduced to wind.

• The piezoelectric transducer bends back and forth .

• Thus, through the direct piezoelectric effect,

electricity is produced

Remote Sensing Applications .

• Batteries or long power cords can be eliminated.

• Savings in capital, maintenance, or labour costs.

• Power is either continuously provided to the sensor or stored

in a small battery or capacitor

Conclusion

Energy harvesters from flow-induced vibration, is an

alternative to turbine generators .

Focus should be to miniaturise these energy harvesters

while maintaining current power level.

Additional researches should be done to further reduce the

start flow speed to allow this technology wider application

References 1. Dung-An Wang ; Chun-Yuan Chiu and Huy-Tuan Pham ; Electromagnetic

energy harvesting from vibrations induced by Karman vortex street ; Mechatronics ; Volume 22 ; 2012 ; pages 746–756;

2. D.A. Wang and K.H Chang ; Electromagnetic energy harvesting from flow induced vibration ; Microelectronics Journal ; Volume 41 ; 2010 ; pages 356–364;

3. Antonio Barrero-Gil ; Santiago Pindado and Sergio Avila ; Extracting energy from Vortex-Induced Vibrations: A parametric study ; Applied Mathematical Modelling ; Volume36 ; 2012 ; pages 3153–3160 ;

4. Michael M. Bernitsas ; Kamaldev. Raghavan ; Y. Ben-Simon ; E. M. H. Garcia ; VIVACE(Vortex Induced Vibration for Aquatic Clean Energy):A NEW CONCEPT IN GENERATION OF CLEAN AND RENEWABLE ENERGY FROM FLUID FLOW ; Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering ; 2008 ;

5. Dibin Zhu ; Vibration Energy Harvesting: Machinery ,Vibration, Human Movement and Flow Induced Vibration ; University of Southampton ,UK .

5. Dibin Zhu ; Vibration Energy Harvesting: Machinery ,Vibration, Human Movement and Flow Induced Vibration ; University of Southampton ,UK .

6. Bruder and Brittany Lynn ; Assessment of hydrokinetic renewable energy devices and tidal energy potential at Rose Dhu Island, GA ; August 2011 .

7. C.H.K. Williamson ; and R. Govardhan ; A brief review of recent results in vortex-induced vibrations ; Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics ; Volume 96 ; 2008 ; pages 713–735 .

8. Philippe Meliga ; Jean-Marc Chomaz ; and Franc -ois Gallaire ; Extracting energy from a flow: An asymptotic approach using vortex-induced vibrations and feedback control ; Journal of Fluids and Structures; Volume 27 ; 2011; pages 861–874 .

9. Ashwin Vinod ; Amshumaan ; Kashyap ; Arindam Banerjee ; and JonathanKimball; Augmenting Energy Extraction From Vortex Induced Vibration Using Strips Of Roughness/Thickness Combination ; Proceedings of the 1st

Marine Energy Technology Symposium , METS13 ; April 10‐11, 2013 ;

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