Group Members:

UnemploymentUnemployment

Objectives.

To Understand

1. What is Unemployment?

2. Types of Unemployment

3. Unemployment in Pakistan

4. Most Frequent Types of Unemployment in Pakistan

5. What Are Causes of unemployment in Pakistan (Political & Non Political)

6. Why These causes Occurs

7. Remedies to Decrease Unemployment

8. Conclusion

What is Unemployment?

Unemployment is defined as a situation where someone of working age is not able to get a job but would like to be in full time employment.

Total number of able men and women of working age seeking paid work

Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work.

Types of Unemployment

These are the following types of unemployment

1. Demand Deficient Unemployment.

2. Structural Unemployment

3. Real Wage Unemployment / Classical Unemployment

4. Frictional unemployment

5. Voluntary Unemployment.

6. Seasonal Unemployment

7. Disguised / Hidden unemployment

8. Under Employment.

1) Demand Deficient Unemployment (Cyclical)

This type of unemployment occurs when the demand of workers is less due to les output of companies.

this is usually occurs when business are in recession period and their productivity is less hence their demand for employees will be less so they cut cost by reducing number of employees hired.

2) Structural Unemployment

The Unemployment condition which arise due to change in processes, technology, Innovation, geographical Conditions is called structural unemployment,

For example,

Change of manual systems with automated processes

biggest examples,

harvesting machines

coca cola bottle filling process automated.

3) Real Wage Unemployment / Classical Unemployment

When the wages of worker are kept high from their real value then this attract more labor force then their demand thus this is called classical unemployment.

A company raise wages its workers then this increase attracts more labor force for this company results in unemployment.

4) Frictional Unemployment

This occurs when workers are in between jobs mean after leaving one job finding another job this period creates frictional Unemployment.

For Example ,

Job leavers take time to find another work.

There is always some frictional unemployment in an economy as people take time to find a job suited to their skills.

5) Voluntary Unemployment.

This occurs when workers choose not to take a job or go for a job.

For Example,

at the going wage rate.

, if benefits offered not equal to home expense

unemployed may feel there is no incentive to take a job.

6) Seasonal Unemployment

unemployment may be seasonal based mean periodic based.

e.g.

unemployment rises in winter when there are no tourists.

In Winter Seasons there is no demand for summer clothes.

7) Disguised / Hidden unemployment

When people do not have productive full-time employment, but are not counted in the official unemployment statistics.

This may include:

People doing job but not productive .

such as sick peoples who get paid but not productive.

8) Under Employment.

This is when people have a job but it is part time or temporary. They would like to work full time, but only have a part time income.

Unemployment in Pakistan In Pakistan the Evil Unemployment also Increasing day by day with the rapid increase

in labor force, Population, and poor planning's.

Unemployment rate in Pakistan.

Causes of Unemployment.

There are certain causes of Unemployment in Pakistan. Which can be categorized into two (2) categories.

Political Non political

Political

No Proper Planning by Government

Lack of Investments

Lack of Sources

Political Instability

Corruption

Non-Political

Increasing labor Force Increasing Population Terrorism Mechanization/Automation Energy crises Lack of Talented Peoples Lack of Technical Education Standards

Increasing Labor force.

Population Growth Rate

Population growth rate is also a major cause of unemployment In Pakistan as it is increasing very rapidly.

Major Types of Unemployment Faced in Pakistan!

Disguised Unemployment Frictional Unemployment Demand Deficit Unemployment Under Employment

Remedies.

Proper Investment Planning's

Promote agricultural sector

Promote Industrial Sector

Overcome on Energy Crises

Hire Talented peoples to brought change

Stable Political envoiremnet for well growth of Industries

Promote small/medium/and large MNC’S

Foreign Investment like MNC’S

Control on Population Growth Rate

Seasonal Businesses can hold other part of Season