Srinivasacharyulu AttaluriCoordinator, APARIS

APAARI, Bangkok

Stakeholder Workshop on Tracking Investment in Agricultural Research for Development20 January 2012, Berlin.

Tracking Investment in AR4D in the Asia-Pacific Region

Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural

Research Institutions (APAARI)

Context

Challenges

Reorienting AR4D in the Asia-Pacific Region

Knowledge on Investment and Human Capacities

Data Management, Analyses and Institutional Issues

Planned Activities in 2011-2012

Recommendations

Presentation Outline

Promote the exchange of scientific and technical know-how and information in agriculture

Facilitate the establishment of appropriate research and training programs based on regional, bilateral or national needs and priorities

Assist in strengthening research organization and management capacity of member institutions

Strengthen cross-linkage among national, regional and international research centers organizations including universities through jointly planned research and training programs.

APAARI Objectives

4

South Asia

Pakistan

India

Sri Lanka

Nepal

Bangladesh

Malaysia

Philippines

Thailand

Vietnam

Chinese Taipei

Republic of Korea

Japan

South East

Asia

Australia

The Pacific

Papua New Guinea

Fiji

Samoa

New Caledonia

Middle

East

Iran

Bhutan

APAARI MembersRegular (NARS):20Associate (CG Centers/IARCs):17Affiliate : 11Reciprocal:8Total: 56

58 % of the World’s population

74 % of the Agricultural population

80 % of the World’s small and marginal farmers

50 % of the World’s poor (<$1/day)

38 % of the World’s agricultural land

The Context

(APAARI, 2010)

Asia-Pacific is a major supplier of food, accounting for:

38% of the world’s arable land

90% of the world’s rice, 40% of its cereals and

40% of its meat

70% of the global food and vegetable market

80% of the aquaculture market

Asia feeds nearly 60% of the world’s population from 1/3rd of

geographical area

The Context

70 % of the World’s undernourished children and women

Income divide between farmers and non-farmers continues to widen – 1:2 (1970) to 1:4 ( 2010)

Fast declining water and agro-biodiversity resources with environmental footprint of agriculture intensifying

Climate change- extreme weather, increased risk, bio-insecurity and vulnerability

Global economic downturn and market volatility

Competing land use: food grain vs fuel vs feed.

Challenges

(APAARI, 2010)

70 % of the World’s undernourished children and women

Income divide between farmers and non-farmers continues to widen – 1:2 (1970) to 1:4 ( 2010)

Fast declining water and agro-biodiversity resources with environmental footprint of agriculture intensifying

Climate change- extreme weather, increased risk, bio-insecurity and vulnerability

Global economic downturn and market volatility

Competing land use: food grain vs fuel vs feed.

Challenges

(APAARI, 2010)

Expert Consultation on AR4D in Asia - Pacific– The Way Ahead

Bangkok, 30-31 October, 2009

Reorienting AR4D in the

Asia-Pacific Region

Clients: small farm holders, poor producers, poorconsumers

Primary production level:

(i) Ecosystems framework – diversification

(ii) Integrated natural resource management - especiallyland and water

(iii) Climate change: adaptation and mitigation

Holistic: food supply chain (inputs sector primaryproduction post harvest/ processing/ marketing

markets )

Cross cutting: knowledge based, socio-economic, policyresearch, participatory .

Key Messages

Not Business as Usual

Innovative partnerships and networking (NARES, NGO, Private Sector, Farmers)

Outscaling of innovations in a participatory mode

Value chain development and management for linking farmers to market (Farmers Self Help Groups/ Associations/Cooperatives/ Companies)

Investments in agricultural research in the region need to be doubled from its current level of about US$10 billion.

Accelerated science and innovation-led agricultural growth through better understanding of socio-economic factors, effective management of human and financial resources

Agricultural research planning, priority setting, monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment

Policy formulation and policy debate

Strengths, weaknesses, and potential opportunities of agricultural S&T systems at different levels (institutional, sectoral, national, regional, international)

Knowledge on Investment and Human Capacities

Assessment of regional investments and capacity building for AR4D : Southeast Asia-

Assessing the current support for AR4D investments

Partnerships built among stakeholders for sharing information

Comparison of investments will help in increasing resource allocations for AR4D

Better understanding of research & development initiatives among stakeholders established.

Bridging Knowledge Gaps

Implementing GCARD Roadmap with the support of GFAR

Collaboration with ASTI to collect and assess data through:

Full force survey in 5 countries:

• Cambodia, Loa PDR, Malaysia, PNG and Vietnam

Planned Activities in 2011-2012

A. Institutional detailsB. Human Resources – Researchers, Age,

Retirement, Time spent on research, Education, Staff, Female Researchers and Staff

C. Financial Resources – Salaries, Operating and Program, Source of funding, Donors

D. Research Focus –Programs, Commodity, Thematic Areas

Govt. and Non-Profit

A. University / Faculty DetailsB. Human Resources – Faculty, Age,

Retirement, Time spent on research Education, Staff, Female Faculty and Staff

C. Research Focus– No. of Faculty assigned for research, Programs, Commodity, Thematic Areas

D. Students Population- No. of Students, No. of Students graduated

Higher Education

Macro-level survey in 3 countries:

• Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand

Planned Activities in 2011-2012

1. Institutional details2. Website3. Research Staff by Degree4. Time spent on research5. Technicians by Degree6. Female Researchers and Staff7. Research Expenditure8. Source of Funding9. Financial year

Govt. and Non-Profit

1. Organizational details2. Website3. Research Staff by Degree4. Time spent on research5. Technicians by Degree6. Female Researchers and Staff

Higher Education

Workshop on Agricultural R&D in the Asia–Pacific region: The Need to Monitor Investments, Capacities and Institutional Changes, 16-17 February, 2012 in Bangkok

Report on AR4D investments circulated among NARS partners in SE Asia

New global update for the Global Conference on Agricultural Research for Development (GCARD2) in 2012.

Planned Activities in 2011-2012

No regular data collection and publications like FAOSTAT, WDI, or S&T indicators for European Union/OECD countries

Private sector data is missing or limited

Extension and Advisory not covered

Poor Research Management Information Systems

Quality of data ?

Data standards and definitions

Updation of data – Annual updates?

Issues in Data Collection and Management

Less role for National collaborators

Data providers, but not data interpreters – do they have capacities?

Not much information for policy making / actions at national level

Lack of understanding on users’ needs ( aid agencies, policy makers, stakeholder groups, data providers, general public etc.,)

Issues in Data Analyses

Ownership of data collection and analysis or one time affair?

Lack of awareness on the use of investment data and apprehensions about the purpose- ‘close data’

Little response from agencies surveyed, some don’t respond

No clarity on wherefrom investment coming- multiplicity of funding sources

Lack of political and institutional support

Who will do?

Lack of capacities in weak NARS

Institutional Issues

National Level:

• Convincing Nations about the benefits of maintaining ASTI datasets through presenting evidence (pathways, cases, instances where data used in policymaking, research management etc.,)

• Institutionalizing and internalizing of monitoring investment at National level through National Focal Points

• Increasing the ownership of National collaborators by involving them in data analysis and synthesis

Recommendations

• Developing capacities of National collaborators and staff involved in data collection, analysis and synthesis

• Embedding the process of data collection and analysis in the work plan

• Incentives for documenting investment and capacities

• Creating awareness on the use and benefits of ASTI data among participating agencies thru presentations in national level seminars/workshops etc.

Recommendations

Donor Level:

• Advocating “Openness” in sharing data by Donors–‘Open Data’

Regional Level:

• Regional Fora should be more active in analyzing data, capacity building and dissemination for policy planning

• Compiling pathways, cases, success stories for advocating the use and application of data.

• Establishing Forum for Policy Dialogue on AR4D issues.

Recommendations

ASTI

• Involving the policymakers from the beginning to promote institutionalization of the process

• Organizing training / workshop programs for national collaborators on data collection, analysis and synthesis methods in collaboration with Regional Fora

• Co-sponsor meetings / seminars to popularize use and application of datasets

• Providing incentives and financial support to collaborating agencies at least for a reasonable time

Recommendations

Recommendations

• Aggressive Information Dissemination through communication strategies

Access to Data

• Making available and accessible minimum datasets in the ‘public domain’

• Harvesting Data from different sources

• Promoting ‘Open Data’ approach with Donors and National collaborators

Indicators

• Common indicators of investment

• Clear guidelines to respondents

• Coverage of private R&D, at least large companies

• Investment shares of basic, applied and adaptive research

• Information on process indicators, eg:-IP management, partnerships, competitive funding

Mechanism and Systems

• On-line system for data updation through National Nodal /Focal Points

• Easy search and download options of data for different purposes

Recommendations

Capacity Development

• Analysis and synthesis of data

• Interpretation, use and application of data by users

• Capacity to orient /sensitize respondents

Dissemination

• Communication strategy to popularize the use and application of data/information

• Targeting policymakers through relevant information products/services with the involvement of National Nodal / Focal Points.

Recommendations

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