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Bill Orr and Ed Wansing of the Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS) discuss strategies for schools and districts to "go green", including strategies for new modular, prefab buildings and existing schools.
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CHPS
Think You Can’t
Afford Green?
Think Again.
Bill Orr, CHPS
Ed Wansing, CHPS
Nashville, TN
September 18, 2011
CHPS The Mission of CHPS
To make schools better
places to learn
CHPS CHPS History
• 2002 First CHPS Criteria Developed for California
• 2005 First CHPS Criteria Licensed Outside of California
• 2006 BPM Relocatable Classrooms Volume Published
• 2007 CHPS Verified Introduced
• 2008 CHPS Becomes National Organization
• 2009 BPM Relocatable Classrooms Volume Revised
• 2009 High Performance Products Database Released
• 2010 Operations Report Card Introduced
• 2011 CHPS Verified for Prefab Classrooms Unveiled
CHPS All Schools Can Be
High Performance Loyola Elementary, CA
Major Modernization
CHPS Best Practices Manual
Five volumes for a
variety of stakeholders
CHPS Road Map
CHPS
Relocatable Classrooms
for High Performance Schools
2009 Edition
Download: www.chps.net/dev/Drupal/node/41
CHPS
CHPS Best Practices Manual:
2009 Relocatables Volume
• Best Practices– Design for High Performance Relocatable Classrooms – Daylighting
– Electric Lighting
– HVAC
– Building Envelope
– Finish Materials
• Criteria and Scorecard
CHPS Relocatables Project Recognition Presents a path for compliance for providers and school owners
Pre-Certified: Build/purchase a classroom that achieves the minimum number of points as outline in the new Relocatable Criteria, also included in this manual (pg. 67)
CHPS Criteria for High Performance
Relocatable Classrooms 7 High Performance Categories
Sustainable Sites (SS)
Water (WE)
Energy (EE)
Materials (ME)
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
New for 2009 Edition
Leadership, Education and Innovation (LEI)
Climate Change (CL)
CHPS Criteria for High Performance
Relocatable Classrooms
Minimum Qualifications:
Manufacturers:
Schools:
Modernizations (Schools):
18 Points
7 Points
18 Points
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Manufacturer Tasks
1. Meet all manufacturer prerequisites
2. Earn at least 18 points
3. Seek CHPS Verified status
4. Market high performance model to school
owners
CHPS School Owner Tasks
1. Lease or purchase a “pre-certified”
Classroom Model
2. Meet all School Prerequisites
3. Seek CHPS Verified Status
4. Earn at least 7 points
5. Receive Recognition for having a
CHPS Verified Classroom Building
CHPS Category: Leadership, Education and Innovation
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Category: Sustainable Sites
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Category: Energy Efficiency
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Category: Climate
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Category: Materials and Waste Management
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS Category: Indoor Environmental Quality
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
CHPS
CHPS Verified For High
Performance Prefabricated
Classrooms
CHPS
Goal 1: Provide product label that clearly designates high performance building status
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
CHPS
Goal 1: Provide product label that clearly designates high performance building status
Goal 2: Get manufacturers recognition for the elements they can control
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
CHPS
Goal 1: Provide product label that clearly designates high performance building status
Goal 2: Get manufacturers recognition for the elements they can control
Goal 3: Provide a streamlined process for recognizing prefabricated pre-certified building models
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
CHPS High Performance Products Database
www.chps.net/database/
Product Profile Certification
Company Profile
Sales Contacts
CHPS
Proposed Database Categories
Caulks and Adhesives
Decking
Doors
CHPS Verified Prefabricated
Classrooms
Exterior Finish and Trim
Flooring and Floor Coverings
Furniture and Finishings
Interior Finish and Trim
www.chps.net/database/
Product Profile Certification
Company Profile
Sales Contacts
High Performance Products Database
CHPS Changing the Game
Six marketing roundtable sessions
Objective 1: Create consensus on improvements to the CHPS program
Objective 2: Create consensus on how to move forward as an industry
CHPS Recommendation #1:
Use a Term That Has a Common
Meaning for Providers and Customers
• Permanent modular vs. temporary portable/ relocatable
• Prefabricated classroom
• Off-site built classroom
CHPS Recommendation #2:
Provide Recognition Levels
• Provide some amount of additional recognition to superior projects
• Address quantitative and qualitative improvements
CHPS
CHPS Verified Leader - New Construction Example
• CA & TX New construction projects must earn minimum of 64 points - CO must earn 60 points – Claim at least 2 points in LEI and CL
– 5 points in SS, WE and ME
– 10 points in EE, and
– 12 points in EQ
New Buildings On Existing Campuses
• Major modernizations and new buildings on existing campuses must earn at least 50 points in CA, TX, 48 points in CO and 45 Points in MA
Recommendation #2:
Provide Recognition Levels
CHPS Recommendation #3:
Address the Correct Audience
• CHPS can serve as a clearinghouse of information
• Address school owners and design professionals
• Look for key organizational partners
CHPS Recommendation #4:
Education is Key
• Educate on the benefits
• Address cost as well as lifecycle analysis
• Need to educate both providers and customers
CHPS Recommendation #5:
Make Responsibility for Each
Prereq/Credit Clear to Customer • Some prereqs and credits require
additional tasks by provider after siting
• These are different from tasks that must be completed by school owner
• CHPS should make this clear by making space on the scorecard for provider to show responsibility for completion
CHPS Recommendation #6:
Certify a Base Model and Allow for
Add-ons or Other Models
• One of the main benefits of prefabricated buildings is customizability
• CHPS should allow for add-ons
CHPS
Case Study:
High Tech High Chula Vista
• First CHPS® Verified School in CA
• Public Charter School
• Custom, Prefabricated Elements
• EnergyStar Rating of 94
• Currently Conducting the Operations Report Card
CHPS
http://youtu.be/42uUUZskw2M
Channel: CHPSOnline
Case Study:
High Tech High Chula Vista
CHPS
Case Study:
Bolsa Knolls MS Salinas ,CA
• Second CHPS® Verified School in CA
• Public School
• 60% Reduction in energy use
• Zero additional cost to District for CHPS
• Thermal Displacement Ventilation
• Superior acoustical performance – 35dB(A)
CHPS Case Study:
Bolsa Knolls MS Salinas, CA Bolsa Knolls MS CHPS Scorecard
• Sustainable Sites (SS), 2 Prerequisite, 1 point
• Leadership, Education & Innovation (LEI), 1 Prerequisite, 2 points
• Energy (EE), 2 Prerequisites, 6 points
• Climate (CL), 1 Point
• Materials & Waste Management (WE), 2 Prerequisites, 2 points
• Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ), 4 Prerequisite, 22 points
Total (2009 CA-CHPS Verified/PreFab Hybrid): 34 Points
CHPS
CHPS
• More than 55 million children spend
their days in 133,000 schools in the
US
• Students attending schools in poor
condition score lower on
standardized tests than students
who attend schools in good
condition
• Nearly 6 out of 10 schools reported
at least one major building element
in disrepair
• ASCE Infrastructure Report Card
gave Schools a “D”
Why Existing Schools?
CHPS
• Most of the Schools of the Future
are Already Built
• Invest in High Performance Capital
Improvements and Save Your
General Fund Now and for the Life
of the School
• As soon as it’s built a new school
becomes an existing school
• That’s Where the Money is!
Why Existing Schools?
CHPS Operations Report Card
• A CHPS program for existing school buildings
• Assess current conditions and recommend improvements
• Recognize high-performance and high-improvement schools
• Web-enabled toolkit designed for district-wide deployment
• Engage a wide variety of school staff: – Maintenance staff
– Teachers and admins
– Students
– Principals or superintendents
CHPS
Courtesy of
National
Clearinghouse
for Educational
Facilities
www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11756
“Show Me” Performance
CHPS Key Elements
Scored Categories
• Energy Efficiency
• Thermal Comfort
• Visual Comfort
• Indoor Air Quality
• Acoustics
CHPS Importance of Lighting Quality
• Quality natural daylight and high
performance electric lighting has
been found to increase performance
and productivity and increase
student test scores
• Reducing reliance on electric
lighting can reduce operating costs References:
Daylighting in Schools, An investigation into the Relationship Between
Daylighting and Human Performance. Heschong Mahone Group. August
1999
Greening America’s Schools, Costs and Benefits. Gregory Kats. October
2006 www.cap-e.com
Green Schools: Attributes for Health and Learning. Committee to Review
and Assess the Health and Productivity Benefits of Green Schools,
National Research Council. 2006
CHPS Importance of Good Acoustics • Speech communication is an critical
part of the learning process
• As many as 1/3 of kids in typical
classrooms have extra sensitivity to
poor acoustics due to ESL, HOH, LD,
ADD, speech disabilities, and
relatively frequent colds
• Speech intelligibility research shows
that HOH kids lag peers in
educational achievement
• Intrusive noise distracts students;
high background noise can promote
problematic student-to-student
communication, negatively impacting
“classroom management”
CHPS Background Noise Level Fundamentals
Background Noise (35 dBA)
Speech 50 dBA (intelligible)
15 dB S/N Ratio
S/N Ratio: Signal to Noise Ratio
Importance of Good Acoustics
CHPS Elements of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
CHPS How to Assess and Score
• 100-point scale for each category
• Energy Efficiency – ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager
• Auto-tracking of utility bills in some areas
• ENERGY STAR score will be the scorecard score
• IAQ, Acoustics, Thermal Comfort, and Visual Comfort – Occupant surveys
• Teachers and staff, no students
– Building assessment • General information
• Detailed sampling
CHPS Evaluation Cycle
General Building Info & Portfolio
Manager
Occupant Surveys and Classroom
Measurements
Generate Scores
&
Suggest Improvements
Develop & Implement Action
Plan
CHPS General Building Information • Complete online worksheets
CHPS Evaluation Cycle
General Building Info & Portfolio
Manager
Occupant Surveys and Classroom
Measurements
Generate Scores
&
Suggest Improvements
Develop & Implement Action
Plan
CHPS Occupant Surveys
• Send surveys
– Enter staff emails
– Enter message text
(CHPS provides samples)
– ORC automatically sends
emails, including
reminders
– Email Should come from
senior school official
• Staff complete surveys
• Close survey and review
results
– Sample results document
CHPS Classroom Measurements
• Thermal Comfort:
– Temperatures at various times of day
– Equipment: air temp thermometer
• IAQ
– Temperature, RH, CO, CO2
– Equipment: infrared thermometer, hygrometer, CO and CO2 meters
• Visual Comfort
– Lighting levels
– Equipment: light level meter
• Acoustics
– Background noise levels, reverb times, sound insulation
– Equipment: sound level meter, acoustic analyzer
CHPS Training
• Detailed training
available for each
component – Occupant Surveys
– Data Collection
• Online, on-demand
videos and instructions
• Available at www.chps.net/dev/Drupal/node/547
CHPS
Schools will be recognized for two classes of achievement:
• General high performance
– Minimum score in all categories: 70
– Schools near the top of the spectrum without much room for improvement
• Improvement over established baseline
– Designed to provide recognition for all types of schools, old and new alike
– Required improvement in at least 3 categories
– None can decrease
• Recognition includes listing on the CHPS website and a printable certificate
Recognition
CHPS River Valley High School
Overview:
District: Yuba City USD – Central Valley, CA
Grades served: 9-12
Number of Students: 1,647
Year built: 2005
District size: ~13,000 students at 16 campuses
District maintenance budget: $1.4M
CHPS River Valley Report Card
CHPS River Valley Detail
Visual comfort:
Few occupant complaints,
but measured levels were
low in many rooms
IAQ:
Generally good, but elevated
CO2 levels in some
classrooms
Most issues were minor, but
existed in classrooms
rather than admin spaces
CHPS River Valley Results
Overall good results
Issues
Minor IAQ problems
Low lighting levels
Positive EMS results
Actions
Re-commissioning HVAC
systems
Upgrading lighting fixtures
and control systems
Checking airflow paths
Some vents were screwed
shut
CHPS Alder Creek Middle School
Overview:
District: Tahoe-Truckee USD, CA
Grades served: 6 – 8
Number of Students: 560
Year built: 2004
CA-CHPS Demonstration School
District size: ~4,000 students at 11 schools
CHPS Alder Creek Report Card
CHPS Alder Creek Detail
Thermal Comfort:
Note low satisfaction in non-classroom spaces
IAQ:
Not enough fresh air in heating mode, resulting in high CO2 levels.
CHPS Alder Creek Results
Good performance,
except for IAQ
Issues:
High CO2 levels
Low light in some
classrooms
Temperature problems in
some parts of school
Suggested actions:
Upgrade lighting systems
Verify schedules and set
points for HVAC system
CHPS Center for Early Education
Overview:
Private School: West Hollywood, CA
Grades served: Pre K – 6
Number of Students: 536
Buildings: 3, built from 1967 – 2003
CHPS CEE Report Card
CHPS CEE Report Card Detail
CHPS CEE Detail
Visual Comfort:
Great results!
Acoustics:
Good survey response
Some minor issues identified
through measurements
Sound insulation between
spaces
CHPS CEE Results
First school to qualify for
high performance
recognition!
Score > 70 in all categories
Few issues:
• Portable heaters used in
some admin spaces
• Sound leaking between
some spaces
Suggested improvements
• Consider adjusting cooling
set points to address
temperature concerns
• Add door seals or additional
insulation to keep
classrooms quieter
CHPS Cost to Participate
• First two schools:
$900/school
• 3rd and 4th schools:
$700/school
• 5th and more:
$500/school
CHPS ORC To Do List
1. Sign up!
2. Enter basic school info
3. Upload list of teachers
and staff
4. Send occupant surveys
5. Collect classroom data
6. Complete Portfolio
Manager
7. Click “Finalize and
Submit”
CHPS NEW – There’s an App • Data collection and
student engagement
• iPhone or iPod Touch http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/orc-
mobile/id465506974?mt=8
• Mobile Web
• Teacher/Student Guide
Coming Soon
• Waste Reduction & Water
Conservation modules
CHPS Exercise
• Thermal Comfort:
– Temperature
– Equipment: air temp thermometer
• IAQ
– Temperature, RH, CO, CO2
– Equipment: infrared thermometer, hygrometer, CO and CO2 meters
• Visual Comfort
– Lighting levels
– Equipment: light level meter
• Acoustics
– Background noise level
– Equipment: sound level meter
CHPS CEE Floor Plan
CHPS Classroom Selection A minimum of 25% of
classrooms based upon
HVAC type/zone per
building should be
observed and recorded
• Acquire the floorplan
• Indicate the HVAC type for
each classroom
• Determine the number of
classrooms for testing
• Select which classrooms will
be tested
• Complete the data collection
sheets for each one
CHPS CEE Floor Plan
CHPS Data Collection: Thermal Comfort
CHPS Data Collection: Background Noise
CHPS Data Collection: Lighting Levels
CHPS
&
Bill Orr Executive Director
415-957-9888
Edward Wansing, Associate AIA, LEED AP Technical Programs Coordinator – CHPS Verified Program
615-792-4682
Learn more about CHPS and high performance schools at
www.chps.net
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