The Long 19th Century

Amy Perez

The Americas

• The United States:

– Won independence from European colonies.

– California Gold Rush took place.

– Enlightenment were things were based upon building freedom, equality and a constitutional government.

– Mass migration and explosive economic growth

Canada & Latin America

• Canada

• Business opportunities were huge

• Federal state under British Canadian leadership

• Ethnic divisions divided Canada into two

• Latin America

• Weakest state, constitution could not form Latin America

• Less than 5% of active male activity

• Built smaller states

• Military leaders took over

The Louisiana Purchase

• Louisiana Purchase consisted of today’s 15 current states

• Purchased doubled size of the United States

• Purchase was made to allow American trade in the port of New Orleans

U.S. - Mexican War

• 1846-1848

• This was over the annexation of Texas

• Us forgave Mexico of their debt

• Mexico lost Texas to the U.S.

• Mexico accepted the Rio Grande to be their national border

War of the Pacific

• Western South America from 1979-1883

• Chile fought Bolivia and Peru

• After war against Spain disputes soon arose over the mineral-rich Peruvian provinces of Tarapaca

• Chile declared war on both countries on April 5, 1879, and the following day Peru activated the alliance.

• Chile acquired the Peruvian territory

Race for Africa

• partitioning of Africa may be seen as a way for the Europeans to eliminate the threat of a Europe-wide war over Africa

• Transition from informal imperialism to direct rule in the last 59 years of the 19th

century• African rulers sought to resist

the wave of European aggression

Napoleonic Wars

• 1799-1815

• A series of conflict of Napoleon’s French Empire

• This sparked the French Revolution

• Conquered most of Europe but then failed

• Become the world power of the next century

• Bonaparte seized power in France

Crimean War

• 1853-1856

• Conflict between Russia and the alliance of France, Britain, and Ottoman Empire.

• Conflict over the holy land

• Known for logistical tactical errors

• The Crimean War was one of the first wars to be documented extensively in written reports and photographs

Haitian Revolution

• 1791-1804

• Conflict to eliminate slavery

• French had a minority rule in Haiti

• Europe wanted this territory because of its sugar plantations

• Influential to the slave rebellions in the US