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Ten Simple Rules for Changing How Scholars Communicate
Philip E. Bourne, PhD, FACMIAssociate Director for Data Science
National Institutes of Health
September 23, 2015
History & Lets Crowd Source?
http://www.ploscollections.org/article/browse/issue/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fissue.pcol.v03.i01
2.6 million downloads
Rule 1
Figure Out the Flow & Go With It
(Aka Leverage What is Already Happening)
One Obvious Change
We are at a Point of Deception …
Evidence:– Google car– 3D printers– Waze– Robotics– Sensors
From: The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies by Erik Brynjolfsson & Andrew McAfee
Example - Photography
DigitizationDeception
Disruption
Demonetization
Dematerialization
Democratization
Time
Vol
ume,
Vel
ocity
, Var
iety
Digital camera invented byKodak but shelved
Megapixels & quality improve slowly; Kodak slow to react
Film market collapses;Kodak goes bankrupt
Phones replacecameras
Instagram,Flickr become thevalue proposition
Digital media becomes bona fide form of communication
Are We Being Deceived? The 6D Exponential Framework
DigitizationDeception
Are We Here?
Disruption
Demonetization
Dematerialization
Democratization
Open science
Free & Usable Knowledge
Rule 2
Recognize Thus Far That Open Access Has Been a Disappointment
http://mujeresdelsiglo21.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/little-girl-crying-1280x800.jpg
Rule 2 OA Disappointment Access has improved; leveraging the content only
marginally?
The profits of closed access journals has increased – presumably at the cost of more scholarship?
The system is still broken – OA has not fundamentally changed how scholars communicate
Rule 3
“Still Crazy After All These Years”
Not Paul Simon But Ten Years After
1. A link brings up figures from the paper
0. Full text of PLoS papers stored in a database
2. Clicking the paper figure retrievesdata from the PDB which is
analyzed
3. A composite view ofjournal and database
content results
Here is What I Want – The Paper As Experiment
1. User clicks on thumbnail2. Metadata and a
webservices call provide a renderable image that can be annotated
3. Selecting a features provides a database/literature mashup
4. That leads to new papers
4. The composite view haslinks to pertinent blocks
of literature text and back to the PDB
1.
2.
3.
4.
PLoS Comp. Biol. 2005 1(3) e34
Rule 4
Value the Right Things
The Google Bus
Rule 5
Data Are Scholarship
Data Are Scholarship
* http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/estimates/April_March_13.htm
Jan. 2008 Jan. 2009 Jan. 2010Jul. 2009Jul. 2008 Jul. 2010
1RUZ: 1918 H1 Hemagglutinin
Structure Summary page activity forH1N1 Influenza related structures
3B7E: Neuraminidase of A/Brevig Mission/1/1918 H1N1 strain in complex with zanamivir
[Andreas Prlic]
Rule 6
Software is Scholarship
Rule 7
Its Important to be FAIR
https://www.force11.org/group/fairgroup/fairprinciples
BD2KCenter
BD2KCenter
BD2KCenter
BD2KCenter
BD2KCenter
BD2KCenter
DDICC
Software
Standards
Infrastructure - The Commons
Labs
Labs
Labs
Labs
Rule 8
Recognize New Levers When You See Them
Rule 8 Lever: Preprint Servers
http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/07/11/022368
Rule 8 Lever: Reproducibility
I can’t immediately reproduce the research in my own laboratory:
• It took an estimated 280 hours for an average user to approximately reproduce the paper
• Workflows are maturing and becoming helpful• Data and software versions and accessibility prevent exact
reproducibility
Daniel Garijo et al. 2013 Quantifying Reproducibility in Computational Biology: The Case of the Tuberculosis Drugome PLOS ONE 8(11) e80278 .
Rule 9
Its About The Whole Research Life Cycle
The Research Lifecycle
IDEAS – HYPOTHESES – EXPERIMENTS – DATA - ANALYSIS - COMPREHENSION - DISSEMINATION
AuthoringTools
Lab Notebooks
DataCapture
Software
Analysis Tools
Visualization
ScholarlyCommunication
Commercial &Public Tools
Git-likeResources
By Discipline
Data JournalsDiscipline-Based Metadata
Standards
Community Portals
Institutional Repositories
New Reward Systems
Commercial Repositories
Training
The Research Lifecycle
IDEAS – HYPOTHESES – EXPERIMENTS – DATA - ANALYSIS - COMPREHENSION - DISSEMINATION
AuthoringTools
Lab Notebooks
DataCapture
Software
Analysis Tools
Visualization
ScholarlyCommunication
Commercial &Public Tools
Git-likeResources
By Discipline
Data JournalsDiscipline-Based Metadata
Standards
Community Portals
Institutional Repositories
New Reward Systems
Commercial Repositories
Training
Rule 10 Prove Me Wrong
So remember, when you're feeling very small and insecureHow amazingly unlikely is your birthAnd pray that there's intelligent life somewhere up in space'Cause there's bugger all down here on Earth
Monty Python - Galaxy Song Lyrics | MetroLyrics
NIHNIH……Turning Discovery Into HealthTurning Discovery Into Health
[email protected]://datascience.nih.gov/
