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Over WinteringOver Wintering
By Mr. “Freeze Me” ChapmanBy Mr. “Freeze Me” Chapman
Over winteringOver wintering
Amphibians have developed many different Amphibians have developed many different ways to survive the harsh winters.ways to survive the harsh winters.
3 different types3 different types:: 1. Sleep at bottom of ponds1. Sleep at bottom of ponds 2. Sleep underground2. Sleep underground 3. Freeze Tolerance3. Freeze Tolerance
Bottom of PondsBottom of Ponds
When weather becomes When weather becomes cold, frogs like cold, frogs like bullfrogs and green bullfrogs and green frogs find a pond.frogs find a pond.
They will move to the They will move to the bottom of the pond and bottom of the pond and sleep/lay at the bottom sleep/lay at the bottom until spring.until spring.
How do they survive?How do they survive?
The water is cold and will hold lots of oxygen, The water is cold and will hold lots of oxygen, so the frog can absorb oxygen through skin.so the frog can absorb oxygen through skin.
Frogs are cold blooded, so their body is cold Frogs are cold blooded, so their body is cold and barely functioning, so they do not need and barely functioning, so they do not need any food.any food.
Frogs will lay at the bottom of the pond, until Frogs will lay at the bottom of the pond, until the water warms up and wakes them up.the water warms up and wakes them up.
Sleeping UndergroundSleeping Underground Some amphibians like toads use their back feet Some amphibians like toads use their back feet
to dig a hole in the ground to sleep in all to dig a hole in the ground to sleep in all winter.winter.
They must make sure they bury themselves They must make sure they bury themselves below the frost line, or the will freeze and die.below the frost line, or the will freeze and die.
How do they survive?How do they survive? The air is cold and hold lots of oxygen and the The air is cold and hold lots of oxygen and the
toad absorbs oxygen out of the air.toad absorbs oxygen out of the air.
Same as before, they are ectothermic and do Same as before, they are ectothermic and do not need any food. Their body is barely not need any food. Their body is barely functioning.functioning.
They will stay in the ground until their body They will stay in the ground until their body warms up to a specific temperature.warms up to a specific temperature.
Freeze like a Ice CubeFreeze like a Ice Cube This is done by wood frogs, grey tree frogs, This is done by wood frogs, grey tree frogs,
and spring peepers.and spring peepers. These frogs find a good place to hide like These frogs find a good place to hide like
under leaves or bark on trees.under leaves or bark on trees. Then they lay and wait for the winter.Then they lay and wait for the winter.
Freeze ToleranceFreeze Tolerance
When the temperature starts to fall these frogs When the temperature starts to fall these frogs start to produce glucose (sugar) in their bodies.start to produce glucose (sugar) in their bodies.
The important thing is that the glucose is not The important thing is that the glucose is not produced inside the cells, but produced inside the cells, but outside of the outside of the cells in the spaces in between the cellscells in the spaces in between the cells..
This cause osmosis, which means the majority This cause osmosis, which means the majority of the water in the cells moves out of the cells of the water in the cells moves out of the cells and into the area in between the cells.and into the area in between the cells.
Freeze ToleranceFreeze Tolerance
The Glucose does 2 thingsThe Glucose does 2 things:: 1. lowers the freezing temperature at which the 1. lowers the freezing temperature at which the
water would freeze (32 to 16).water would freeze (32 to 16). 2. Removes water from cells.2. Removes water from cells.
The skin of the frog can withstand the The skin of the frog can withstand the expanding water and will not burst.expanding water and will not burst.
Freeze ToleranceFreeze Tolerance
As the weather warms up the ice inside the As the weather warms up the ice inside the frog will melt and the water will move back frog will melt and the water will move back into the cells.into the cells.
Then the frog will then wake up and will go Then the frog will then wake up and will go and search for food.and search for food.
