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New Orleans , Garret Graves, Chairman, Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority; National Institute for Coastal & Harbor Infrastructure, John F. Kennedy Center, Boston, Nov. 12, 2013: "The Triple Threat of Rising Sea Levels, Extreme Storms and Aging Infrastructure: Coastal Community Responses and The Federal Role" See http://www.nichiusa.org or http://www.nichi.us
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The Protection and Restoration of Coastal Louisiana
committed to our coastcommitted to our coast
Rising Sea Levels: The Urgent Need for a National Coastal and Harbor Infrastructure Program SymposiumNovember 12, 2013
No Shortage of Disasters…
Louisiana: Worth Saving?
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
Seafood and Wildlife
• #1 producer in fisheries in the Lower 48 States
• #2 producer of oysters
• #1 producer of blue crabs
• #1 producer of crawfish
• #1 producer of shrimp
• #1 habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
Ecosystem Services
• #1 producer in fisheries in the Lower 48 States
• #2 producer of oysters
• #1 producer of blue crabs
• #1 producer of crawfish
• #1 producer of shrimp
• #1 habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
• Five million waterfowl
• 25 million songbirds
• America’s largest wintering habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
• 70 rare, threatened, or endangered species
• Top source of wild seafood in the continental United States
• Wetlands serve as part of the hurricane protection system
Energy Production and Petrochemical Manufacturing
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Truck Cargo Flows: Louisiana
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Truck Cargo Flows: New York
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
• 5 of the top 15 largest ports in the U.S. in Louisiana
• Port of South Louisiana is the nation’s #1 by tonnage
• Louisiana’s ports handle cargo accounting for 20% of the nation’s waterborne commerce (by tonnage)
Waterborne Commerce
Annual Tons of Freight by Water
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Carrying Capacity
River Efficiency: 15-Barge Tow Carrying Capacity
Cleaner Transportation: Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Cleaner Transport: Fuel Efficiency
Louisiana’s Land Loss Crisis
Historic Land-Water Change from 1932-2010Approx. 1,900 sq. mi. (492,100 ha.)
Couvillion et al (USGS), 2011
Land Loss
Land Gain
Land Area Change in Coastal LA1932 – 2010
Mississippi River Watershed
• Two-thirds of the continental United States
• 42% of the contiguous land mass of North America
Mississippi River Flyway
28
Causes of Land Loss • Levees/Dams
• Subsidence
• Sea-level Rise
• Hurricanes
• Oil & Gas Infrastructure
• Oil Spill
Future Without Action
Predicted Land Loss
Predicted Land Gain
More Extreme- Potential to lose an additional 1,765 square miles (455,000 ha.) of land over the next 50 years.
Utilized 0.45 m of sea level rise over 50 years, Subsidence rates 0 to 25 mm per year
Our Coastal Crisis Will Continue
Current 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
With No Action Over the Next 50 Years
DeWitt Braud, LSU Coastal Studies InstituteLandsat TM 1998
Terrebonne Land/Water Change 1988-2005
Dulac
Chauvin
Cocodrie
Point Aux Chene
Lafourche
Our Communities and Livelihoods at Risk
Predicted Future Flooding from a 100 Year Flood EventFuture Without Action
Potential for damages to reach $23.4 billion annually
Increasing threats to lives, jobs, communities and the economy
$0
$5,000,000,000
$10,000,000,000
$15,000,000,000
$20,000,000,000
$25,000,000,000
Expected Annual Damages From Flooding ($ Billions)
Current
Future Without Action
Our Communities and Livelihoods at Risk
Could experience 10x more damages than today
• Potential for damages to reach up to $23.4 billion annually
• Increasing threats to lives, jobs and communities
Entire Region at Risk
Over the last 100 years hurricanes have caused approximately
$2,700 billion
In damages (in 2010 dollars) across Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.
Federal Investment needs to be PROACTIVE
NIBS Multihazard Mitigation Council report to Congress on behalf of FEMA (2005):
• Money spent on reducing the risk of natural hazards is a sound investment.
• On average, every $1 spent by FEMA on hazard mitigation…provides the nation about $4 in future benefits.
Addressing the Crisis: Louisiana’s Coastal Master
Plan
Master Plan Objectives
Reduce economic losses from storm-based flooding
Promote a sustainable coastal ecosystem by harnessing the processes of the natural system
Provide habitats suitable to support an array of commercial and recreational activities coast wide
Sustain Louisiana’s unique heritage and culture
Provide a viable working coast to support industry
Flood Protection
Natural Processes
Coastal Habitats
Cultural Heritage
Working Coast
Using New Tools, Breaking New Ground
Key Decision Points
• Flood Risk Reduction and Land Building as Decision Drivers
• Set a Realistic Budget and Determine Funding Allocation – $50 Billion, 50/50 split
• Balance Near Term and Long Term Benefits• Use of Decision Criteria and Ecosystem
Services
Land Area
Risk Reduction
Expected Annual Damages
Factors in Making DecisionDecision Criteria and Ecosystem Services
Distribution of flood risk across socioeconomic groups
Flood protection of historic properties
Flood protection of strategic assets
Operation and maintenance costs
Sustainability
Support for navigation
Use of natural processes
Support for cultural heritage
Support for oil & gas
Oyster
Shrimp
Freshwater Availability
Alligator
Waterfowl
Saltwater Fisheries
Freshwater Fisheries
Carbon Sequestration
Nitrogen Removal
Agriculture/Aquaculture
Other Coastal Wildlife
Nature-Based Tourism
Restoration
145 Projects Totaling Approximately $50 Billion over 50 Years
2012 Coastal Master Plan
Single Approach is Not the Solution
USACOE
Surge
Surge
Storm Surge Attenuation Benefits Provided by Comprehensive Approach
What the Master Plan Delivers: Reduction in Annual Damages
$5.4 Billion Decrease over Future Without Action
$18.1 Billion Decrease over Future Without Action
What the Master Plan Delivers: Land Building
550-850 square miles of land built or maintained over 50
years
159 miles of built or
improved levees
159 miles of built or
improved levees
19,405 acresof coastal habitats benefited19,405 acres
of coastal habitats benefited
$17 Billionin State & Federal fundingfor protection & restoration
$17 Billionin State & Federal fundingfor protection & restoration
Black Lake Beneficial Use
Greater New Orleans – Hurricane Protection System
West Closure Complex
Lake Borgne Surge Barrier
Local Investment in Protection Infrastructure
Pelican Island
Scofield Island
Estimated Project Cost: $70.6M
Status: In construction
Construction Contractor: Weeks Marine Inc.
Caminada Headland Beach and Dune Restoration
303 Acres of Beach Dune with 3.3 MCY of material from Ship Shoal
04/11/2023 DRAFT
July 2013
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
Long Distance Sediment PipelineTotal Project Budget (CIAP) $66.1 million
Acres Benefited 256
Project Status In Design (pending landrights/ permits)
Mississippi River Long Distance Sediment Pipeline
(BA-43)
1988
2012
Orleans Landbridge
Cost: $34.7 millionLand Benefited: 110 acres of marsh and 8.7 miles of shoreline
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
• 217,000 tons of concrete recycled from the dismantled I-10 twin span
• Prevent the loss of 110 acres of marsh
Orleans Landbridge
What Does NOT Work?
1. First thing you do in a disaster is throw out the rules2. First thing you do in recovery is throw out the rules
Executive Order 136043. Current project development and implementation process is incapable to addressing
coastal and water resources crisis facing America4. You cannot perfect solutions before acting – dynamic environments – better science5. Waiting to invest until AFTER disaster strikes/under-funding6. Devising “solutions” to single problem in a vacuum (levees v. ecosystem)7. Divided mission (EPA, NOAA, USACE, FEMA, USFWS, NRCS, CEQ, OMB…..) means no
one is accountable8. States, local governments and stakeholders on the sidelines (i.e. zoning)9. Segregating similar programs by agency (stove-piping)10. Missing schedules and budgets – uncertainty kills
What Works?
1. Functional organizational structureFormation of the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority BoardCoastal board of directorsIntegrating/co-mingling funds
2. Schedule public meetings to deliberate and provide public inputDiscuss policy options/trade-offsAccountability venue
3. Establish prioritization metrics that reflect regional/state/local values4. Provide clear, transparent, accountable project process processes5. Develop annual report card to show successes and learning opportunities6. Move forward with 70+% solutions and use robust adaptive management 7. Communicate honestly – can’t promise “a chicken every pot”
Residual risk exists8. Proactive versus reactive actions9. Identify “double” and “triple” wins (multi-service objectives)10.Delivering what you promised
Today
New Orleans
Baton Rouge Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Tomorrow?
New Orleans
Baton Rouge Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Blum, M.D. & H.H. Roberts (2009)
Thank You!
Learn more: www.coastal.LA.gov
Garret GravesCoastal Protection and Restoration Authority
United States Geological SurveyPreliminary Land Loss/Gain 1930-2010
Truck Cargo Flows: New York
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Truck Cargo Flows: Southern California
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Truck Cargo Flows: Houston
Truck Cargo Flows: New Orleans
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Annual Tons of Freight by Water
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Truck Cargo Flows: Louisiana
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Energy Production and Petrochemical Manufacturing
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Louisiana Perspective: Energy Production
Without OCS Production Louisiana is
8th largest producer of crude oil
2nd largest producer of natural gas
With OCS Production Louisiana becomes:
2nd largest producer of crude oil
2nd largest producer of natural gas
Louisiana Perspective: Energy Refining
2nd in Refining Capacity
21% of Nationwide Refining Operable Capacity in 2012
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
Seafood and Wildlife
• #1 producer in fisheries in the Lower 48 States
• #2 producer of oysters
• #1 producer of blue crabs
• #1 producer of crawfish
• #1 producer of shrimp
• #1 habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
Ecosystem Services
• #1 producer in fisheries in the Lower 48 States
• #2 producer of oysters
• #1 producer of blue crabs
• #1 producer of crawfish
• #1 producer of shrimp
• #1 habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
• Five million waterfowl
• 25 million songbirds
• America’s largest wintering habitat for migratory waterfowl and songbirds
• 70 rare, threatened, or endangered species
• Top source of wild seafood in the continental United States
• Wetlands serve as part of the hurricane protection system
1. Oil and Gas Extraction, Pipeline, and Refinery Operations. 2. Select Industries from the 2008 Southwick Study. 3. Gross State Product 2010
Economic Sector or Industry
Total Economic Impact (millions) Total Jobs Total Wages
(millions)Total Tax (millions)
Energy1 $77,300 310,217 $16,100 $2,500
Ports and Maritime $33,000 270,000 $5,700 $470
Seafood $2,400 21,238
Seafood, Fishing, Boating and Wildlife Viewing2
$5,700 62,833 $378.3
Coastal Industries Total $118,400 664,288 $3,348
Total State Economy $213,6003 1,834,338 $76,899 $6,962
Economic Impact of Energy, Ports and Maritime and Louisiana Seafood and Outdoor Recreation
1. Oil and Gas Extraction, Pipeline, and Refinery Operations. 2. Select Industries from the 2008 Southwick Study. 3. Gross State Product 2010
Economic Sector or Industry
Total Economic Impact (millions) Total Jobs Total Wages
(millions)Total Tax (millions)
Energy1 $77,300 310,217 $16,100 $2,500
Ports and Maritime $33,000 270,000 $5,700 $470
Seafood $2,400 21,238
Seafood, Fishing, Boating and Wildlife Viewing2
$5,700 62,833 $378.3
Coastal Industries Total $118,400 664,288 $3,348
Total State Economy $213,6003 1,834,338 $76,899 $6,962
Economic Impact of Energy, Ports and Maritime and Louisiana Seafood and Outdoor Recreation
Energy Production and Petrochemical Manufacturing
restoring and protecting Louisiana’s coast
Louisiana Perspective: Energy Production
Without OCS Production Louisiana is
8th largest producer of crude oil
2nd largest producer of natural gas
With OCS Production Louisiana becomes:
2nd largest producer of crude oil
2nd largest producer of natural gas
Louisiana Perspective: Energy Refining
2nd in Refining Capacity
21% of Nationwide Refining Operable Capacity in 2012
Mississippi River and Tributaries
Lake Hermitage Marsh Creation
Estimated Project Cost: $39 M (CWPPRA Base Project)
Status: In Construction
Construction Contractor: Pine Bluff Sand and Gravel Co.
653 acres of Marsh
04/11/2023 DRAFTJune 2012
04/11/2023 DRAFTAugust 2013
Bayou Dupont
Bayou Dupont: Outside of Influence Area
Bayou Dupont: November 2012
What the Master Plan Delivers
Includes a wide variety of project types distributed throughout the coast
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
Long Distance Sediment PipelineTotal Project Budget (CIAP) $66.1 million
Acres Benefited 256
Project Status In Design (pending landrights/ permits)
Mississippi River Long Distance Sediment Pipeline
(BA-43)
Isaac- NHC Hindcast, inundation depths
Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana
Barrier Islands
Creation and restoration of dune, beach, and back barrier marsh to restore or augment offshore barrier islands and headlands
