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Introduction
1. Today’s agenda:
1. Introduction
2.EU policies on digitisation and digital preservation
3.Digitisation figures
4.Reuse of content
5.Practices from Europe
6.Open discussion
Introduction
My city and my university
About digitisation in general
Pécs
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• Year of foundation : 1367 It is one of the oldest universities in Europe,
established by the Anjou king Louis the Great
• Number of students : 34 000 Foreign students : 1 800
• Number of employees : 10 000
• 10 faculties Adult Education and Human Resources
Development Library and Information Science Department
Faculty of Humanities, Arts, Law, Medicine, Technology, Economics etc.
University of Pécs
Why students love us?• Modern and friendly environment
• Close student-teacher relationship
• Practice-oriented education
• Good infrastructure
• Active Student life
• Educational scholarships (domesticand international)
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Introduction
Digitisation is easy!
• YES! If you mean scanning a few pages of books.
• It is the general view on digitisation by the public.
• „The Hungarian cultural heritage can be digitised within no more than 2 weeks!”
(by anonymous politician)
Introduction
What is not as easy?
- Finding out what to do exactly!
- What to digitise?
- How to digitise?
- Who digitise?
- For what purpose?
- For which target group?
- Ensuring sustainability
Introduction
“Digitisation” means different things in different sectors:
In the AV & film community, digitisation is an urgent challenge of conversion from unstable formats
In the library community, success equates to mass-digitisation, distributed access and discovery
In the museum community, success is about boutique digitisation, curated content & end-user experiences
In the archive community, success tends to be about management, preservation, discovery and connection.
European Union policiesMSEG on Digitisation and Digital Preservation
Core ideas
EU policies
MSEG on Digitisation and Digital Preservation
1. To monitor progress on the implementation of the Commission Recommendation of October 2011, on digitisationand digital preservation.
2. To exchange information and good practices of Member States’ policies and strategies on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation.
3. To assist the Commission in monitoring developments regarding the way cultural digital resources can be innovatively re-used to offer economic opportunities to the cultural and creative industries.
EU policies
Some core ideas:
1. Making available the European cultural heritage
2. Joint efforts
3. Creating a sustainable information ecosystem
EU policies
Making the European cultural heritage available
1. Digitising as much as possible
2. Preservation and service
3. Overcoming legal constraints
Public Domain
Orphan works
Out of commerce works
EU policies
Joint efforts
1. Europeana „an internet portal that acts as an interface to millions of
books, paintings, films, museum objects and archival records that have been digitised throughout Europe.” (Wikipedia)
Building a European identity. Satellite projects: 1914-1918, Historiana, Inventing Europe
2. Joint projects Digitisation projects (e.g. European Film Gateway) Aggregation projects (ATHENA, TEL) Metadata projects (Linked Heritage) Research projects (Enumerate)
EU policies
Creating a sustainable information ecosystem
1. Considering the needs of different user groups:
users, cultural heritage sector, creative industries
2. Sustainability – catering needs (public and business)
Use and Re-use Partner sectors:
Education, Tourism, Research, Creative industry
DigitisationfiguresENUMERATE project
Current data from Europe
Digitisation in figuresENUMERATE project (2011-2014)
• Objectives: Community
Methodology
Coordinated surveys
Normalized data and intelligence
• 1 qualitative and 2 quantitative surveys all over Europe
• 2015 – the 3rd survey began.
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Digitisation figures
Use and Re-use
Creative Industry
Europeana
Use and reuse of digitised content• The key for sustainability is identifying the needs and
catering them.
• Clear arguments are needed for maintenance. Why do we need digitised cultural heritage. Maybe it is clear for
us, but is clear for all?
• Europeana lives on: Member states’ contribution: 1/3 (of which 37% from The
Netherlands)
European Commission grant: 2/3 – this amount will miss soon…
Very little amount from the business sector.
Use and reuse of digitised content• Use
direct use (education, entertainment, research)
• Reuse Creating something new
New interpretations
New contexts
• Creative industry
Use and reuse of digitised contentAn example:
Europeana defined its target groups in the following fields:
• End user services;
• Data partner services;
• Re user services.
Use and reuse of digitised content
Examples
Examples from Europe
Map of needs
Use and reuse of digitised content
• Reuse in a „mobilized context” –apps!
Cultural tour at the sights of GézaOttlik: Rooftops at Dawn novel.
Museum guide for a Hungarian poet Sándor Petőfi. „Who am I?”
Latvian fairy tales iPasakas app.
Latvian folk song app. For joint singing.
Use and reuse of digitised content• Examples for reuse
(educational purpose)
• Inventing Europe European Technology
Museums’ cooperation
Curatorship, guided tours
Space for collaboration.
• Historiana
Discussing the past on a European level
Field for expressing new ideas.
Use and reuse of digitised content• Entertainment
BL Labs: Publishing free images onFlickR
Users can reuse them for variouspurposes
From Puzzle to video games
Competitions
Extreme numbers of use since its start of 2013.
http://labs.bl.uk
Ajapaik
Geotagging game in Estonia
Gamified crowdsourcing
Socially validated data
Use and reuse of digitised content
• Reinterpretations of art works, masterpieces Van Go Yourself
http://www.vangoyourself.com
Use and reuse of digitised content• Offline reuse
• Jackie Storer: Hidden Stories of the First World War. London, British Library, 2014.
Collecting memories via Europeananetwork
Storytelling
Publishing a book „reusing” the stories.
• Certamen Europeana A Spanish essay writing competition
for secondary school students
Use and reuse of digitised content
• 3D developments for reuse
Cyprus: collecting the images taken at historical sites
Reconstructing buildings virtually in 3D
Crowdsourcing of the documentation of built heritage.
Selfies „again”
Use and reuse of digitised content• What you get:
• Users:
Cool services
• Creative industry:
Content for making money
• Cultural heritage sector:
Sustainability
• What you give:
• Users:
Activity
• Creative industry:
Creativity
• Cultural heritage sector
Content for free
The more you give, the more you get?
Use and reuse of digitised content• What is needed for this development?
• A more business-oriented approach Culture is not financed just because it is culture;
A clear value proposition should be developed to all stakeholders.
• Huge amount of free content The use of copyright protected material is depending on its author. But what
about public domain?
If a cultural heritage institution don’t want or not capable of making money from its content let it to others.
• Higher level of engagement of User community
Creative industry
CH sector
Conclusion, summary
• Presently digitisation is not sustainable New business models are needed!
• Exploring its context and the value of the product is necesarry!
• Use and reuse in different contexts,
• Engagement of the community (activity and creativity)
Thank you for your attention!
Questions and comments are warmly welcome
Máté Tóth University of Pécs
