Upload
camila-barrera-gonzalez
View
153
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Literature Reviews
Citation preview
LITERATURE REVIEWS
Felipe Abarca
Camila Barrera
Carolina Hinojosa
WHAT ARE THEY USEFUL FOR?
-Showing the history of a field (background)
-Reviewing the work done in a specific time period.
-Plotting the development of a line reasoning
-Integrating and synthesizing work from different research areas
-Evaluating the current state of evidence for a particular viewpoint
-Revealing inadequacies in the literature and point to where
further research need to be done.
STRATEGIES FOR PRESENTING RESULTS IN REVIEWS
1.-The narrative review: writers research around a particular topic and
then write a review of the field, selecting evidence. this kind of review is
most common in textbooks and popular journals.
2- The narrative review with scoreboard: writers strengthen the
arguments of their reviews by supporting the claims made with tabular
scoreboards.
3- Scoreboard plus details: in a scoreboard more details can be provided
and it enables the reader to trace the studies should they wish and to see
if any have been omitted.
4.- Scoreboard showing critical features: it is a method of
summarizing results to provide a table listing the key features of the
studies being discussed. The information provided is not omitted.
5.-Meta- analytic “scoreboards”: it involves pooling the results
that can be found from all the known studies on a given topic. The
aim of this is to arrive at an overall summary of the result for the
topic in question.
6.-Evidence-based “scoreboards”: With the “evidence-based”
approach, more studies are excluded on particular methodological
grounds when making the overall summary of the results. It is used,
for example, in medical researches. The importance of the evidence-
based approach becomes more obvious when the overall picture
obtained from RCT’s (randomized controlled trials) is different from
that obtained from studies using others, less stringent methods.
SOME PROBLEMS - File-drawer problem: it is easier to publish studies that
have statistically significant findings than it is to publish ones
that do not.
-Problems of interpreting; there might be problems of
interpreting the findings of the published studies and seeing if
these findings are relevant to your review.
-Qualitative studies; related to these it is important to
mention that is very difficult to summarize the results
adequately.
OTHER ASSUMPTIONS THAT DO NOT WITHSTAND CLOSE SCRUTINY
1- Different dependent variables are of equal validity.
2- The results obtained in one culture are directly relevant to another
one.
3- The results obtained in one period are the same as those that
would be obtained today.
4- The results obtained for limited samples apply to wider population.
5- The results obtained in simplifying experiments apply to the much
more complex.
One solution to some of the problems presented, is
to examine in more detail the original papers and
particularly the original materials used in the papers
being reviewed.
LITERATURE REVIEWS
Felipe Abarca
Camila Barrera
Carolina Hinojosa