ENT OSPE (2)

By

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

1. Identify the object.

2. How Achlasia cardia appears in the radiographic

film?

3. Define Achlasia cardia

4. Give two surgical procedures for Achlasia cardia

1.Barium swallow X-Ray

2. It give rat tail or bird beak appearance

3. It is hypomotility diorder of esophagus charachterized by

aperistalsis, increases LES tone and decreased LES relaxation.

4. 1) Modified Heller’s operation

2) Forceful pneumatic dialatation

1.Name the extracranial complications of CSOM

attico antral type

2. Name the most common extracranial and

intracrial complications of CSOM

3. What do you mean by Citelli’s abscess?

4. Define Gardenigo syndrome?

1. Mastoiditis, thrombosis of internal jugular vein,

facial nerve paralysis, labyrinthitis, petrositis, otitis

externa, chronic adhesive otitis media

2. Mastoiditis (extra cranial), Brain abscess

(intracranial)

3. The abscess in the sheath of post. Belly of

digastric muscle.

4. It is a syndrome characterized by the discharging

ear, diplopia and severe retro orbital pain (headache)

1. Name various unpaired laryngeal cartilages

2. Which structure acts as the only complete ring

in the whole tracheobroncial tree?

3. Name the intrisic muscle not innervated by

recurrent laryngeal nerve.

4. Define anterior commisure in the larynx.

1. epilottis, throid and cricoid cartilages

2. Cricoid cartilage

3. Cricothyroid

4. The anterior meeting point of true vocal cords

1. Name the instrument used in the above procedure.

2. Name any three structures seen through the

procedure.

3. In which part of pharynx this procedure is being

performed?

4. Define anteror rhinoscopy.

1. Posterior rhinoscopy mirror

2. 1) posterior nares 2) adenoids 3) opening of

eustachian tube

3) nasopharynx

4) The method of examination of anterior part of nasal

cavity with the speculum:

1. Name the condition shown in the diagram.

2. What is its other name?

3. Give any three clinical features.

4. Can tonsilectomy be done in quinsy with upperR.T

infcction?

1. Quinsy

2. Peritonsillar abscess

3. 1) sore throat 2) hot potato voice 3) odynophagia

4. No

1. How will you differentiate CSOM atticoantral

type and tubotympanic type on the basis of

discharge?

2. Give various symptoms of attico antral type

3. Define cholesteatoma.

4. What are various theories for cholesteatoma

formation?

1. The dischare in tubotympanic type is thin, profuse,

mucopurulent neither blood stained nor foul smelling

while in atticoantral type it is thick, scanty, purulent,

blood stained and foul smelling

2. deafness, discharge, fever, malaise

3. It is a bag of stratified squamous epithelium

containing keratin debris and shed epithelium

4. mtaplasia theory, basal hyperplasia theory, congenital

cell rest theory, ingrowth of squamous cell theory and

retraction pocket theory

1. Identify the picture.

2. What is the cause?

3. What are various complications?

4. How will you treat saddle nose deformity?

1. Give the indications of tracheostomy in infants.

2. Give the immediate complications of tracheostomy.

3. Can tracheostomy be life long?

4. What are contraindications of tracheostomy in the

emergency?

1. Subglottic hemangioma, subglottic

stenosis, laryngeal cyst, glottic web, bilateral

vocal cord paralysis.

2. bleeding, aspiration of blood, damage to

esophagus, damage to R.L nerve, apnea and

pnemothorax

3. Yes. Permanent tracheostomy

1. Name the procedure in which above

instrument is used.

2. Write any three diagnostic indications.

3. How will you differentiate b/w bronchoscope

and esophagoscope?

1. ESOPHAGOSCOPY

2. 1) TO FIND THE CAUSE OF DYSPHAGIA

2) TO FIND THE CAUSE OF HEMPTYSIS

3) TO FIND THE CAUSE OF RETROSTERNAL PAI

3. BRONCHOSCOPE HAS HOLES AT THE END

WHILE ESOPHAGOSCOPE HAS MARKINGS.

Diseases of Nose

1. Give the differential diagnosis of Watery rhinorreha.

2. How will you clinically differentiate septal hematoma

from septal abscess?

3. Name various diagnositic tests for congenital conal

atresia.

4. how will you differentiate coryza from allergic rhinitis

and other forms of rhinitis?

1. Allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, viral rhinitis,

CSF rhinorhea.

2. Septal abscess produces fever whereas it is

absent in septal hematoma

3. nasal patency test, catheter test, dye test, nasal

endoscopy, imaging studies

4. In allergic and vasomotor rhinitis the symptoms

appear in paroxysms and fever Is absent.