AMSA-IMU Medical Challenge(Foundation II)

Intake: MEDT111Date: 13th October 2011

Assessment Outline

● 20 OSPE-style questions● Modules covered: Microbiology,

Parasitology, Immunology and Pathology● Total time: 1 hour

GOOD LUCK!!!

11. A child stung by a bee experiences respiratory distress

within minutes and lapses into unconsciousness. This reaction is probably mediated by which antibody?

2. A patient with severe asthma gets no relief from antihistamines (bronchodilators). What is the main culprit leading to this condition in the patient?

3. Which class of immunoglobulin can cross the placenta?

4. How does a hapten trigger an antibody reaction? (in less than 5 words)

2A. Immediate hypersensitivity

B. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity

C. Immune-complex hypersensitivity

D. Delayed hypersensitivity

(a). Irregular deposition of IgG along glomerular basement membrane

(b). Involves mast cells and basophils

(c). Mediated by lymphokines

3● A. T cells

B. B cellsC. MacrophagesD. B cells and macrophagesE. T cells, B cells, and macrophages

(Questions)(a) Major source of interleukin-1 (b) Acted on by interleukin-1 (c) Major source of interleukin-2 (d) Express class I MHC markers (e) Express class II MHC markers (f) Express surface immunoglobulin

4● A. Systemic lupus erythematosus

B. Rheumatoid arthritisC. Rheumatic feverD. Graves' diseaseE. Myasthenia gravis

(a) This disease is associated with antibody to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (b) This disease is associated with antibody to IgG (c) This disease is associated with antibody to the acetylcholine receptor

(d) This disease is associated with antibody to DNA (e) This disease is associated with antibody to streptococci

5.(a) What is the scientific name of this bacteria?(b) Is this a Gram-Positive or Gram-negative bacteria? Name one structural difference between the both of them.(c) What disease can be attributed to this bacteria?(d) State one symptom of the disease you have mentioned in (c)(e)Name the neurotoxic component of the exotoxin produced by this bacteria.(f) Name 3 other organisms of the same genus with the respective conditions they cause.

6. (a) Is this a DNA or RNA virus?(b) Under which family is this virus categorized in?(c) Describe the shape of capsid of this virus.(d)State 2 oncogenic viruses of this virus family and their associated tumour. (e)State 2 ways to cultivate viruses.

7

8

(b) What is the most common cause of ringworm?(c)What do you need to see in order to diagnose microsporum?(d) Which dermatophyte has growth in about 7 days and is buff white on top and white on the bottom?

9

Recognize the parasites tabulated as A,B,C,D & E

10.(a) Identify the organism in the picture above.(b) State one of the methods of transmission of this organism to humans.(c) State the special diagnostic characteristic of this organism.(d) What disease does this organism cause in humans? What system does it affect most?

11(a) What type of parasite is Coccidia? (in 2 words) hint: its nature(b) Where in the body is Coccidia usually found?(c) What is the juvenile form of Coccidia?(d) What is the scientific name for the species of parasitic protozoa in the genus Toxoplasma whose definitive host is the cat?(e) TORCH screening is usually targeted at what group of people?(f) What is the scientific name of the protozoan parasite whose host is man, dog, cat and beaver that causes bloody, catarrhal diarrhea and dysentery?

121. State the cardinal signs of inflammation.

(In Latin)2. List the 5 types of necrosis. 3. Liquefactive necrosis can usually be

attributed to which 2 types of microorganisms?

4. In which organ does liquefactive necrosis tend to favour?

5. In what disease is fat necrosis usually associated with?

13

Picture above shows lesions in an organ.1. In what organ do you think this pathology has occurred?2. What lesions do you think they are?3. In what TYPE of tissue these lesions normally occur? 4. Name 2 OTHER organs with which similar pathology

can occur.

14. Figure above shows a lesion in an organ.1. What is this organ?2. As from the picture, what lesion do you think it is?

(c) What is the scientific name of the microorganism responsible for an infection characterised by such lesions?(d) Name the stain used to identify such microorganism.

15 (a) As from the X-ray above, what characteristic feature can you appreciate?(b) Give 1 possible diagnosis of this patient.(c) Label the clavicles, diaphragm, left and right lungs.BONUS QUESTION:What are the weights of the left and right lungs respectively (approximate values)?

16(a) Label the 4 species of parasites that cause malaria.(b) Among the 4 you have listed, which one causes the most severe form of malaria?(c) State the vector (it’s scientific name) that carries the malarial parasites predominantly in Sabah.

17.(e) Draw a curve which will depict a 2nd infection in a T-cell independent immune response.

a

b

c

d

Antibody

18(a) Name the two stages in the life cycle of Chlamydia.(b) Which one is the infective stage?(c) Once in the cell, which organelle takes up the structures of the infective stage of Chlamydia?(d) Which species of Chlamydia whose cell wall lacks peptidoglycan but contains an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane?

19● A.Q fever F.Pediculus Humanus Corporis● B.Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever G.ticks● C.Endemic typhus H.rat flea● D.Scrub typhus I.chiggers● E.Epidemic typhus J.hard ticks

(a) Rickettsia ricketsii (f) Vector of Rickettsia ricketsii(b) Rickettsia prowazekii (g) Vector of Rickettsia prowazekii(c) Orientia tsutsugamushi (h) Vector of Orientia tsutsugamushi (d) Rickettsia typhi (i) Vector of Rickettsia typhi(e) Coxiella burnetti (j) Vector of Coxiella burnetti

20

(a) State the 3 common and 2 less common types of shock.(b) State the 3 stages of shock.(c) What type of shock manifests as urticaria (hives), angioedema, hypotension and bronchospasm?

THE ENDCredits to:

● AMSA EXCOs who contributed ideas in the construction of questions.

● Lecturers who took their time to scan through the questions and edit them.

● Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nilesh Kumar for advocating this event and making it feasible.

● Most importantly, all of you who have come for this event.

Last words…This quiz was designed to give you all an idea on howOSPE questions would appear like, so as to prepare youfor the EOS 2 examination. We hope that it would be auseful tool to propel you during your preparation to acein the examination. We wish you all the best and goodluck for your summative and EOS 2.

Sincerely,Carlvan Lee Khong WeeAMSA-IMU Academic Officer& EXCOs