CONSTRUCTIVIST DESIGN THEORY

The Instructional Design Knowledge Base; Theory,REsearch and Practice

Rita C. Richey,James D. Klein and Monica W. Tracey

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Learning results from a personal interpretation of

experience.

1

Learning results from an exploration of multiple perspectives

3Learning is an active process occurring in realistic and relevant situations.

2

Key Principles

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Philosophy Orientation

Constructivism is a philosophy itself

Constructivism also reflects principles of rationalism...reasoning

Constructivism ‘s implied subjectivity reflects some elements of humanism.

Interactive and

Collaborative Learning

Sca

ffold

ing

Problem-Based

Learning

Faci

litati

on

of

Learn

ing a

nd

In

div

idu

al

Know

ledg

e

Con

stru

ctio

n

Page ED.CMU

Authentic Learning Activities

Cog

nitiv

e

Ap

pre

ntice

sh

ips

Learner Control

Develo

pin

g S

elf-

Know

ledg

e

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Learning results from a personal interpretation of experience.

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John Dewey

Lev Vygosky

Ernst von

Glasersfled

Jean Piaget

TheoreticalFoundations

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Anal

ysis o

f

Envi

ronm

ent,P

r

oble

ms an

d

Indi

vidu

al

lear

ners

Goal-Free and

Open-Ended

Assessment

Learning

Environments

(Computer-

Supported

Collaborative

Learning, Social

Networking

Learning

Comm

unities)

ID Applicatio

ns

Inst

ruct

iona

l

Stra

tegi

es(C

ogni

ti

ve

Appre

ntice

ship

,

Prob

lem

-Bas

ed

Lear

ning

,

Scaff

oldi

ng

Colla

bora

tion)

Instructional Design Applications

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Arrow Chart 4 Cognitive Apprenticeships (e.g. Dennen, 2004) Cognitive Apprenticeships (e.g. Dennen, 2004)

Problem-Based Learning (e.g Albanese&Mitchell,1993;Gijbels et.al.,2005Problem-Based Learning (e.g Albanese&Mitchell,1993;Gijbels et.al.,2005

Scaffolding (e.g.Cho&Jonassen,2002; Davis & Linn,2000; Land&Hannafin,1997; Saye&Brush,2002; Simons&Klein,2007)

Scaffolding (e.g.Cho&Jonassen,2002; Davis & Linn,2000; Land&Hannafin,1997; Saye&Brush,2002; Simons&Klein,2007)

Computer-Mediated Collaboration (Johnson & Johnson, 2004; Scardamalia &Bereiter,1996; Uribe et al.,2003)Computer-Mediated Collaboration (Johnson & Johnson, 2004; Scardamalia &Bereiter,1996; Uribe et al.,2003)

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Related Concepts

Individual Constructivism

Anchored

Support

Learning Communit

y

Situated

Cognition

Social Constructivi

sm

Anchored

Support

Knowledge

Construction

Page ED.CMU

The most effective learning occurs

when people actively derive

meaning from their experiences and

the context in which they take

place..

emphasizes individual meaning-

making

Knowledge is individually

constructed and often unique to

each person.

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CONSTRUCTIVIST DESIGN THEORY

social constructi

vism

Individual constructivi

sm or cognitive

constructivism

highlights the role of social interactions

in knowledge development

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Distributed Cognition

Knowledge Construction

Learners Characteristics (beliefs and attitudes self-knowledge, self-reflective skills.

Learners and Learning Process

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CONSTRUCTIVIST

DESIGN THEORY

Learning and Performance Contexts

Com

pute

r-

Supp

orte

d

Colla

bora

tive

Lear

ning

Envi

ronm

ents

Learning

Environments

(rich,authentic)

Socia

l

Networ

king

Lear

ning

Comm

uniti

es

Page

Content Structure and Sequence

Learners-Controlled

Instructional Sequence

Interactive and

Collaborative Learning

Sca

ffold

ing

Problem-Based

Learning

Faci

litati

on

of

Learn

ing a

nd

In

div

idu

al

Know

ledg

e

Con

stru

ctio

n

Page ED.CMU

Authentic Learning Activities

Cog

nitiv

e

Ap

pre

ntice

sh

ips

Learner Control

Act

ive

Learn

ing

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Instructional and Non instructional Strategies

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Computer Supported Collaborative Learning

Social Networkin

g Tools

Electronic Collaborative Tools

Media and Delivery Systems

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Recommended Link

http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/802papers/mergel/brenda.htm#The%20Basics%20of%20Constructivismhttp://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm

For PowerPoint 97-2010

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Design and Development ( general goal related to

authentic tasks,participatory, recursive,reflective strategy

and media selection)Analysis (Context,ind

ividual learners,pro

blems)

Designer and Design Process

Assessment and Evaluation ( accept multiple

perspectives,goal-free assessment, open-ended

assessment)

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Knowledge is constructed from experience.

Learning results from a personal interpretation of knowledge.

Learning is an active process in which meaning is developed on the basis of experience

Individual constructivists believe: