6.1 - SETTLING THE MIDDLE COLONIES

THE BREADBASKET COLONIES This region includes: New York, New Jersey,

Delaware, and Pennsylvania Had flat plains, grassy meadows, and thick

forests

THE BREADBASKET COLONIES Settlers soon realized

the potential of the land for farming.

The land was better than in New England.

The long summer made it ideal for harvesting: Wheat Corn Rye

These grains gave the region the name “Breadbasket Colonies”

THE BREADBASKET COLONIES

The region had several large harbors that allowed for easy trade.

The waterways went deep inland, allowing trade ships to travel far into the colonies.

NEW NETHERLAND GROWS Dutch still had control of New Netherland Not very popular because the Netherlands

was already a great place to live. Had 2,000 settlers, and they faced problems

with the English and the Native Americans

NEW NETHERLAND GROWS In 1647, the

Netherlands sent Peter Stuyvesant to govern New Netherland to increase profit from trade.

He pushed the colony boundaries out further, but could not get more colonists to come. Please come visit my colony

NEW NETHERLAND GROWS To settle new colonists, the Netherlands let

people from Belgium, Denmark, France, Spain, Italy, and Brazil settle in their colony.

Some of the first slaves came over with these groups.

Some Africans were able to buy their freedom, and the Netherlands let them build their own settlement on Manhattan.

THE ENGLISH TAKE OVER King Charles II wanted England to control the coast. He gave land to his brother, the Duke of York, that

the Dutch had already claimed. The King sent four

warships to take over New Netherland.

Stuyvesant wanted to fight, but the New Netherland colonists surrendered.

NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY The Duke of York split

the Dutch colony into two parts, New York and New Jersey.

The city of New Amsterdam was renamed New York City.

The English promised to treat the Dutch settlers fairly, and let them practice their religions.

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NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY Land was offered

at cheap prices to draw people into this new colony.

Quakers left England due to religious persecution and settled in New Jersey.

PENNSYLVANIA AND DELAWARE In 1681, King Charles

gave land to William Penn.

This colony was named Pennsylvania.

Penn wanted Quakers and non-Quakers to live peacefully.

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PENNSYLVANIA AND DELAWARE Penn wrote “Frame of

Government of Pennsylvania” Set up a General Assembly,

allowing citizens freedom of speech, freedom to practice religion, and a trial by jury. Trial by jury: a group of citizens

decides if a person is guilty or not.

Citizens of the colony elected the representatives of this General Assembly.

PENNSYLVANIA AND DELAWARE Seeing the colony work well, the Duke of York gave

Penn the land to Delaware as well. Penn had a strong

belief that Native Americans should be treated fairly.

Was given the land by King Charles II, but William Penn paid the Lenape people for their land

Long-last peace with Tamanend