THE MEANING OF “CURRICULUM”

DEFINITIONS OF “CURRICULUM”

Curriculum is …

Scope and sequence

Syllabus

Content outline

Textbooks

Course of study

Planned experiences

4

1

5

2

6

3

The official curriculum,written curriculum

The operational curriculum

The hidden curriculum

The null curriculum

The extra curriculum

The Five Concurrent Curricula

9

10

7

8

11

Levels of Curriculum

Supra

MacroMeso

MicroNano

12 13 14

15 16

Scope and sequenceSyllabus

Content outlineTextbooks

Course of study

Planned experiences

The official curriculum,written curriculum

The operational curriculumThe hidden curriculum

The null curriculum

The extra curriculum

Supra

Macro

Meso

Micro

Nano

Curriculum is …

Textbooks

A School’s or department’s scope and sequence typically embodies a concept of curriculum as a set or series of intended learning outcomes. A scope and sequence document is a document listing the intended learning outcomes in each grade level, thereby giving the sequence of the curriculum; the outcomes are grouped according to topic, theme, or dimension,thereby giving the scope of the curriculum (See Figure 1.1.) This concept assumes that there is a

clear distinction between educational ends and

means, restricting the concept of curriculum to educational plans rather than including actualities. By distinguishing curriculum from instruction, this concept places curriculum in the role of guiding both instructional and evaluation decisions.

Scope and Sequence :

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Curriculum is … Textbooks

Curriculum is … TextbooksThe ubiquitous textbook, for teachers who teach “by the book,” functions as a day to day guide, that is, as a guide to

both the ends and the means of instruction. Traditional texts present the content, without much guidance as to what it is important to learn or on how to teach. Contemporary texts are more appropriately described as instructional systems. They include teacher guides, student study guides or workbooks, tests, overhead projection masters, laboratory kit, and supplementary instructional materials.

Nano

Student, individual

• Individualized learning plan• Individualized course of learning

or learner pathways

Micro

Meso

Supra

Macro

Nano

Classroom, teacher•Instruction plan for module or course

•Learning and teaching materials

Micro

Meso

Supra

Macro

Nano

Micro

Meso

Supra

MacroSchool jurisdiction, school

•School program (locally developed courses)•Educational program with

Nano

Provincial,national, regional•Intended core objectives(specified in a curriculum framework and/or program of studies.)

•Authorized learning and teaching resources.

•Attainment levels. ก�รีบรีรีลำ$/ควิ�มส��เรี%จ• Examination programs; e.g., Pan-Canadian Assessment Program.

Micro

Meso

Supra

Macro

Nano

International• Common European Framework of References for Languages. Usually “generic” in nature.

• Examination programs; e.g., Third International Mathematics and Science Study or Programme for International Student Assessment or Progress in International Reading Literacy study.

Micro

Meso

Supra

Macro