T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Focus on Technical Textiles

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Textile Institute of Pakistan

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Techtextil Application Areas

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Product Diversification

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Over 90% of the materials used in the technical sector are based on conventional fibers.

- J.E. Mcintyre, Specialty fibers for technical textiles, Department of Textile Industries, University of Leeds, Notes

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Strength of textile fibres

How many kilograms can a fiber with 1 mm2 cross-section hold?

-T. Hongu, Phillips Glen O., New Fibers, 2nd Edition (1997) Woodhead Publishing Ltd.

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Performance Properties

• Tensile strength

• Elasticity

• Creep

• Specific gravity

• Antimicrobial properties

• Fire retardancy

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Product Development Model

Potential application/ alternate required

Suggestions for alternate or feasible materials

Research

Required properties

Availability

Cost

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Case Study; Focus on MaterialsMedical Textiles

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

ExudateBlood

SkinWound

Non Adherent Net

Absorptive Fleece

Adhesive

Diffusion Layer

Wound Dressing Model

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

ExudateBlood

SkinWound

Non Adherent Net

Absorptive Fleece

Adhesive

Diffusion Layer

Wound Dressing Model

The functions of these materials are to provide protection against infection, absorb blood and exudate, promote healing and, in some instances, apply medication to the wound.

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Layer analysisAbsorptive Fleece

Required Properties• High Absorbency• Bulky Material• Non-toxic• Antimicrobial

characteristics (added advantage)

Suggested Material• Cotton• Viscose

– Rayon– Lyocell– Bamboo

Non Adherent Net

Required Properties• Non-toxic• Little or no absorbency• Filament fiber• Antimicrobial

characteristics (added advantage)

Suggested Material• Silk• Polyamide• PET• Polyolefin• Viscose

– Rayon– Bamboo

Diffusion Layer

Required Properties• Reasonable Strength• Flexible• Porous

Suggested Material• PET• Polyamide• Polypropylene• Viscose

– Rayon– Bamboo

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

How can these materials be converted into wound dressing?

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Case Study; Focus on MaterialsGeo Textiles

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

• Required properties (high priority)

• Biodegradable

• Flexible

• Effect of water

• UV light

• Climatic effects

• Cheaply available

• Secondary properties

• Strength

• Elongation

• Chemical resistance

• Puncture resistance

• Permeability

• Quality assurance and control

Geotextiles for erosion control

- Horrocks A. and Anand S. C., Handbook of Technical Textiles, Woodhead Publishing in association with the Textile Institute, 2000.

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Possible Fibres• Flax, bast fiber

• Inextensible fiber, more elongation obtained when dry. One of the highest tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the natural vegetable fibers. Density same as synthetic polymers, thus used as alternative reinforcement to glass, aramid and carbon in composites. Good conductor of heat.

• Hemp (Sunn), bast fiber• Not weakened or quickly rotted by water or salt water. No pesticides

required for growth. Stronger, coarser and stiffer than most other vegetable fibers.

• Jute, bast fiber• Holds 5 times its weight of water. Cheap and used in great quantities, high

initial modulus, but very little recoverable/ elasticity (woody fibre); exhibiting brittle fracture, having small extension at break. Poor tensile

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Possible Fibres• Abaca (Manila), leaf fiber

• Good water-resisting properties, hydroscopic, not affected by salt water. Strong and sufficiently flexible to provide a degree of give when used in ropes where strength, durability and flexibility are essential.

• Sisal, leaf fiber• Cheap, stiff, inflexible, high strength and good lustre. Sisal fibre is equivalent

hand or machine stripped.

• Coir, seed fiber• Coir is resistant to degradation by sea water, endures sudden pulls, that

would snap the otherwise much stronger ropes such as hemp. Naturally coarse, suitable for use in sea water, high lignin content makes it resistant to weathering Extremely abrasive and rot resistant (high % of lignin) under wet and dry conditions and retains a high percentage in tensile strength.

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“Although, it is not suggested, these natural geotextiles would be a universal panacea;

they would have a significant impact on the economy of developing countries.”

- Horrocks A. and Anand S. C., Handbook of Technical Textiles, Woodhead Publishing in association with the Textile Institute, 2000.

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Do you think cotton can be used?

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

• How can materials be converted into wound dressing?

To make technical products materials have to be coupled with production processes such as knitting, weaving, warp knitting, braiding etc.

• Can cotton be used to make geo-textiles? Yes, but it will have to be treated and finished such that it suits

requirements.

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

Materials

Processing

Technical Textiles

Machines Finishing

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T e x t i l e R e s e a r c h & I n n o v a t i o n C e n t r e , T e x t i l e I n s t i t u t e o f P a k i s t a n

TRIC contact details

• Textile Research & Innovation Centre, tric@tip.edu.pk.

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