Pre-Columbian-Second Spanish Period
In the Beginning…
Florida Emerged From Sea Beginning 25 Million Years Ago
Green Lush
Birds!
Sharks!
Sun!• Natives in Florida closer to nature than other N.
American tribes?
Florida During Ice Age
Path of Eurasian Migration
Pre-Columbian Peoples
Timucuan Farmers
Spanish and English Footholds
1565 1607
Juan Ponce de Leon
Continued…
Born in 1474 to a noble family in Santervas de Campos, Spain
Fought Muslims at Granada
Sailed on Columbus’s 2nd Voyage
Continued…
Gov of Puerto Rico1509-1512
March 3, 1513 Sails for Florida…
Cuban Slave Traders
1521 West CoastDies in Havana a month later
Pedro Menendez de Aviles
1565 Founded St. AugustineWhy? French Rivalry
• Jean Rivault
• Rene Goulaine
55 years saw many deaths of Spanish Explorers! Narvaez, de Soto, numerous missionaries
Born 1512- new breed!
Fort Caroline"Not as Frenchmen but as Lutherans.“
1568 Fort San Mateo"Not as Spaniards but as murderers.“
Sir Frances Drake
Pirate or Servant of the State?
El Draque
Spanish Fleets Twice a Year
Tempting target!
1686 Looted St. Augustine
St. Augustine as Business Venture
Menendez- solicited investorsPhilip II gave him proprietorship of colony
Very little agricultural success• Though areas west of colony provided food when
the situado failed
Vast Difference From Mexico• Las Casas and the Black Legend
MissionariesMissionaries had most success
Heculean Humanitarian Effort
• Driven by genuine faith
Until 1702 English under SC James Moore
Diaspora of sorts for survivors
The Mission of Nombre de Dios
Father Francisco Lopez de Mendoza Grajales
End of First Spanish Period
Mounting Tensions in New WorldFrench, English and “Americans”
Slavery
Land
French and Indian War 1754-63
Treaty of ParisTurns Florida into British Territory