- What were Wilsons Fourteen Points?
- How did the Treaty of Versailles impact WWI?
- What was the League of Nations and why was it formed?
- How did WWI impact nations around the world?
2.
- Wilson gave speech to Congress
-
- Assured America that WWI was being fought for a moral
cause
-
- Point 1: No secret treaties
-
- Point 2: Freedom of the seas should be maintained for all
-
- Point 4: Arms should be reduced
-
- Points 6 to 13: Groups that claimed distinct ethnic identities
were to form their own nations or decide what nations to
belong
-
- Point 14: Called for an international organization to address
crises
- Basis for terms of the German surrender
3.
- Ended war between Germany and the Allies
- Signed on June 28, 1919, exactly five years after the
assassination of the Archduke
- Redrew the map of Europe:
-
- Established nine new nations
-
- Carved up the Middle East
-
- Bared Germany from maintaining an army
-
- Germany had to pay $33 billion in reparations (war damages) to
the Allies
-
- Germany had to take responsibility for causing the war (War
Guilt Clause)
-
- Overall the Treaty humiliated Germany
4.
- International organization founded as a result of the Treaty of
Versailles
-
- Preventing war through collective security
-
- Settling disputes by negotiations
- U.S. Senators feared it would harm Americas policy of
isolationism
-
- Staying out of foreign affairs
- Wilson, who was ill, setoff on an 8,000 mile tour to gain
support for the League
-
- Suffered a strokeand was partially paralyzed
- Unable to campaign for the Treaty the Senate voted against
entry into the League
5.
- Four empires disappeared:
- France alone lost 1.4 million soldiers
-
- Germany and Russia were similarly affected
- Spanish Flu killed 50 million people worldwide
- The collapse of the Ottoman Empire left a power vacuum
-
- Claims to land and nationhood emerged
6.
- WWI was the bloodiest wars in history up to that time
- Deaths numbered about 22 million, more than half of them
civilians
- 20 million people were wounded
- 10 million people became refugees
- The U.S. lost 48,000 men in battle and more than 200,000 were
wounded
7.
- Germans were unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles
- Germans in the 1930s and 1940s said acts of international
aggression were injustices imposed by the victors of the First
World War
- Adolf Hitler was able to feed off of this anger and gained
popularity and power in Germany
8. United Kingdom Spain France Germany Portugal Norway Soviet
Union Greece Denmark Netherlands Belgium Italy Austria Yugoslavia
Romania Sweden Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia Hungary Albania Switzerland